ruby-on-rails – 如何在Rails中将XML转换为哈希?

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如何在 Ruby中将XML主体转换为哈希?

我有一个XML体,我想解析成哈希

<soap:Body>
    <TimesInMyDAY>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:00:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T09:20:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:20:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T09:40:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:40:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T10:00:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T10:00:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T10:20:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T10:40:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T11:00:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
    </TimesInMyDAY>
</soap:Body>

我想把它转换成这样的哈希:

{ :times_in_my_day => { 
    :time_data = > [
        {:start_time=>"2010-11-10T09:00:00",:end_time => "2010-11-10T09:20:00" },{:start_time=>"2010-11-10T09:20:00",:end_time => "2010-11-10T09:40:00" },{:start_time=>"2010-11-10T09:40:00",:end_time => "2010-11-10T10:00:00" },{:start_time=>"2010-11-10T10:00:00",:end_time => "2010-11-10T10:20:00" },{:start_time=>"2010-11-10T10:40:00",:end_time => "2010-11-10T11:00:00" }
        ]
    } 
}

理想情况下,标记会转换为snake_case符号并成为哈希中的键.

此外,日期时间缺少其时区偏移.它们位于当地时区(不是UTC).所以我想解析它以显示本地偏移量,然后将xml日期时间字符串转换为Rails DateTime对象.结果数组将是这样的:

{ :times_in_my_day => { 
    :time_data = > [
        {:start_time=>Wed Nov 10 09:00:00 -0800 2010,:end_time => Wed Nov 10 9:20:00 -0800 2010 },{:start_time=>Wed Nov 10 09:20:00 -0800 2010,:end_time => Wed Nov 10 9:40:00 -0800 2010 },{:start_time=>Wed Nov 10 09:40:00 -0800 2010,:end_time => Wed Nov 10 10:00:00 -0800 2010 },{:start_time=>Wed Nov 10 10:00:00 -0800 2010,:end_time => Wed Nov 10 10:20:00 -0800 2010 },{:start_time=>Wed Nov 10 10:40:00 -0800 2010,:end_time => Wed Nov 10 11:00:00 -0800 2010 }
        ]
    } 
}

我能够用这种方式用parse和in_time_zone方法转换单个日期时间:

Time.parse(xml_datetime).in_time_zone(current_user.time_zone)

但是我不太确定在将XML转换为哈希时解析时间的最佳方法.

我很感激任何建议.谢谢!

编辑

将datetime字符串转换为Rails DateTime对象的代码错误的.这会将xml日期时间字符串解析为系统的时区偏移量,然后将该时间转换为用户的时区.正确的代码是:

Time.zone.parse(xml_datetime)

如果用户具有不同于系统的时区,则会将用户的时区偏移量添加到原始日期时间字符串.这里有一个关于如何启用用户时区首选项的Railscast:http://railscasts.com/episodes/106-time-zones-in-rails-2-1.

解决方法

我以前在Perl中使用XML :: Simple,因为使用Perl解析XML是一个PITA.

当我切换到Ruby时,我最终使用了Nokogiri,发现它非常容易用于解析HTML和XML.我认为在CSS或XPath选择器方面很容易,并且不要错过XML-to-hash转换器.

require 'ap'
require 'date'
require 'time'
require 'nokogiri'

xml = %{
<soap:Body>
    <TimesInMyDAY>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:00:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T09:20:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:20:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T09:40:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T09:40:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T10:00:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T10:00:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T10:20:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
        <TIME_DATA>
            <StartTime>2010-11-10T10:40:00</StartTime>
            <EndTime>2010-11-10T11:00:00</EndTime>
        </TIME_DATA>
    </TimesInMyDAY>
</soap:Body>
}

time_data = []

doc = Nokogiri::XML(xml)
doc.search('//TIME_DATA').each do |t|
  start_time = t.at('StartTime').inner_text
  end_time = t.at('EndTime').inner_text
  time_data << {
    :start_time => DateTime.parse(start_time),:end_time   => Time.parse(end_time)
  }
end

puts time_data.first[:start_time].class
puts time_data.first[:end_time].class
ap time_data[0,2]

输出看起来像:

DateTime
Time
[
    [0] {
        :start_time => #<DateTime: 2010-11-10T09:00:00+00:00 (19644087/8,0/1,2299161)>,:end_time => 2010-11-10 09:20:00 -0700
    },[1] {
        :start_time => #<DateTime: 2010-11-10T09:20:00+00:00 (22099598/9,:end_time => 2010-11-10 09:40:00 -0700
    }
]

故意将时间值解析为DateTime和Time对象,以显示可以使用其中任何一个.

原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/ruby/269477.html

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