背景
在移动应用的开发过程中,绘制基本的二维图形或动画是必不可少的。然而,考虑到Android和iOS均有一套各自的API方案,因此采用一种更普遍接受的技术方案,更有利于代码的双平台兼容。
art是一个旨在多浏览器兼容的Node style CommonJS模块。在它的基础上,Facebook又开发了react-art ,封装art,使之可以被react.js所使用,即实现了前端的svg库。然而,考虑到react.js的JSX语法,已经支持将等等svg标签直接插入到dom中(当然此时使用的就不是react-art库了)此外还有HTML canvas的存在,因此,在前端上,react-art并非不可替代。
然而,在移动端,考虑到跨平台的需求,加之web端的技术积累,react-art成为了现成的绘制图形的解决方案。react-native分别在0.10.0和0.18.0上添加了iOS和Android平台上对react-art的支持。
示例代码
React.js和React-Native的区别,只在于下文所述的ART获取上,然后该例子就可以同时应用在Web端和移动端上了。react-art自带的官方例子:Vector-Widget
Vector-Widget额外实现了旋转,以及鼠标点击事件的旋转加速响应。Web端可以看到点击加速,但是在移动端无效,原因是React Native并未对Group中onMouseDown和onMouseUp属性作处理。本文着重于静态svg的实现,暂时无视动画部分效果即可。
ART
在React Native中ART是个非常重要的库,它让非常酷炫的绘图及动画变成了可能。需要注意的是,在React Native引入ART过程中,Android默认就包含ART库,IOS需要单独添加依赖库。
ios添加依赖库
1、使用xcode中打开React-native中的iOS项目,选中‘Libraries’目录 ——> 右键选择‘Add Files to 项目名称’ ——> 'node_modules/react-native/Libraries/ART/ART.xcodeproj' 添加;
2、选中项目根目录 ——> 点击’Build Phases‘ ——> 点击‘Link Binary With Libraries’ ——> 点击左下方‘+’ ——> 选中‘libART.a’添加。
基础组件
ART暴露的组件共有7个,本文介绍常用的四个组件:Surface、Group、Shape、Text。
- Surface - 一个矩形可渲染的区域,是其他元素的容器
- Group - 可容纳多个形状、文本和其他的分组
- Shape - 形状定义,可填充
- Text - 文本形状定义
属性
Surface
- width : 渲染区域的宽
- height : 定义渲染区域的高
Shape
- d : 定义绘制路径
- stroke : 描边颜色
- strokeWidth : 描边宽度
- strokeDash : 定义虚线
- fill : 填充颜色
Text
- funt : 字体样式,定义字体、大小、是否加粗 如: bold 35px Heiti SC
Path
- moveTo(x,y) : 移动到坐标(x,y)
- lineTo(x,y) : 连线到(x,y)
- arc() : 绘制弧线
- close() : 封闭空间
代码示例
绘制直线
import React from 'react'
import {
View,ART
} from 'react-native'
export default class Line extends React.Component{
render(){
const path = ART.Path();
path.moveTo(1,1); //将起始点移动到(1,1) 默认(0,0)
path.lineTo(300,94)">//连线到目标点(300,1)
return(
<View style={this.props.style}>
<Surface width={300} height={2}>
<Shape d={path} stroke="#000000" strokeWidth={1} />
</Surface>
</View>
)
}
}
绘制虚线
了解strokeDash的参数,
[10,5] : 表示绘10像素实线在绘5像素空白,如此循环
[10,5,20,5] : 表示绘10像素实线在绘制5像素空白在绘20像素实线及5像素空白
import React from 'react' import { View,ART } 'react-native' const {Surface,Shape,Path} = ART; export class DashLine Component{ render(){ const path = Path() .moveTo(1) .lineTo(1); return( <View style={this.props.style}> <Surface width={300} height={2}> <Shape d={path} stroke="#000000" strokeWidth={2} strokeDash={[10,5]}/> </Surface> </View> ) } }
绘制矩形
首先通过lineTo绘制三条边,在使用close链接第四条边。fill做颜色填充.
class Rect const path = new Path()
.moveTo(99)
.lineTo(99,255)">1)
.close();
{100} height={100}> <"#000000" fill="#892265" strokeWidth={1} /> </View> ) } }
绘圆
了解arc(x,y,radius)的使用,终点坐标距离起点坐标的相对距离。
class Circle 50,255)">1) .arc(0,255)">25) .arc(-99,255)">25) .close(); {1}/> </View> ) } }
绘制文字
了解funt属性的使用,规则是“粗细 字号 字体”
注意: 字体应该是支持path属性的,应该是实现bug并没有不生效。 Android通过修改源码是可以解决的,IOS没看源码。
import React,{Component} 'react'; import { AppRegistry,StyleSheet,ART,View } 'react-native'; class ArtTextView extends Component { render() { return ( <{styles.container}> <Text strokeWidth={1} stroke="#000" font="bold 35px Heiti SC" path={new Path().moveTo(40,40).lineTo(99,10)} >React</Text> </View> ); } } const styles = StyleSheet.create({ container: { flex: justifyContent: 'center',alignItems: backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',},});
绘制扇形
在这里需要使用arc做路径绘制。
Wedge.js
import { ART } from 'react-native';
const { Shape,Path } = ART;
/** * Wedge is a React component for drawing circles,wedges and arcs. Like other * ReactART components,it must be used in a <Surface>. */
default class Wedge extends Component<void,any,116)">any> {
static propTypes = {
outerRadius: PropTypes.number.isrequired,startAngle: PropTypes.number.isrequired,endAngle: PropTypes.number.isrequired,originX: PropTypes.number.isrequired,originY: PropTypes.number.isrequired,innerRadius: PropTypes.number,};
constructor(props : any) {
super(props);
(this:any).circleRadians = Math.PI * 2;
(any).radiansPerDegree = Math.PI / 180;
(any)._degreesToRadians = this._degreesToRadians.bind(this);
}
/** * _degreesToRadians(degrees) * * Helper function to convert degrees to radians * * @param {number} degrees * @return {number} */
_degreesToRadians(degrees : number) : number {
if (degrees !== 0 && degrees % 360 === 0) { // 360,720,etc.
return (any).circleRadians;
}
return degrees * (any).radiansPerDegree % (any).circleRadians;
}
/** * _createCirclePath(or,ir) * * Creates the ReactART Path for a complete circle. * * @param {number} or The outer radius of the circle * @param {number} ir The inner radius,greater than zero for a ring * @return {object} */
_createCirclePath(or : number,ir : number) : Path {
new Path();
path.move(2,or)
.arc(-or * if (ir) {
path.move(or - ir,255)">0)
.counterArc(ir * return path;
}
/** * _createArcPath(sa,ea,ca,or,ir) * * Creates the ReactART Path for an arc or wedge. * * @param {number} startAngle The starting degrees relative to 12 o'clock * @param {number} endAngle The ending degrees relative to 12 o'clock * @param {number} or The outer radius in pixels * @param {number} ir The inner radius in pixels,greater than zero for an arc * @return {object} */
_createArcPath(originX : new Path();
// angles in radians
const sa = this._degreesToRadians(startAngle);
const ea = this._degreesToRadians(endAngle);
// central arc angle in radians
const ca = sa > ea ? (any).circleRadians - sa + ea : ea - sa;
// cached sine and cosine values
const ss = Math.sin(sa);
const es = Math.sin(ea);
const sc = Math.cos(sa);
const ec = Math.cos(ea);
// cached differences
const ds = es - ss;
const dc = ec - sc;
const dr = ir - or;
// if the angle is over pi radians (180 degrees)
// we will need to let the drawing method know.
const large = ca > Math.PI;
// TODO (sema) Please improve theses comments to make the math
// more understandable.
//
// Formula for a point on a circle at a specific angle with a center
// at (0,0):
// x = radius * Math.sin(radians)
// y = radius * Math.cos(radians)
// For our starting point,we offset the formula using the outer
// radius because our origin is at (top,left).
// In typical web layout fashion,we are drawing in quadrant IV
// (a.k.a. Southeast) where x is positive and y is negative.
// The arguments for path.arc and path.counterArc used below are:
// (endX,endY,radiusX,radiusY,largeAngle)
path.move(or + or * ss,or - or * sc) // move to starting point
.arc(or * ds,or * -dc,large) // outer arc
.line(dr * es,dr * -ec); // width of arc or wedge
if (ir) {
path.counterArc(ir * -ds,ir * dc,ir,large); // inner arc
}
return path;
}
render() : any {
// angles are provided in degrees
const startAngle = this.props.startAngle;
const endAngle = this.props.endAngle;
// if (startAngle - endAngle === 0) {
// return null;
// }
// radii are provided in pixels
const innerRadius = this.props.innerRadius || 0;
const outerRadius = this.props.outerRadius;
const { originX,originY } = this.props;
// sorted radii
const ir = Math.min(innerRadius,outerRadius);
const or = Math.max(innerRadius,outerRadius);
let path;
if (endAngle >= startAngle + 360) {
path = this._createCirclePath(or,ir);
} else {
path = this._createArcPath(originX,originY,startAngle,endAngle,ir);
}
return <Shape {...this.props} d={path} />;
}
}
示例代码:
from const {Surface} = ART;
import Wedge './Wedge'
class Fan Wedge outerRadius={50} startAngle={0} endAngle={60} originX={50} originY={50} fill="blue"/> </View> ) } }
综合示例
相关代码:
/** * Sample React Native App * https://github.com/facebook/react-native * @flow */
import {
ART as Art,View,Dimensions,TouchableWithoutFeedback,Animated
} from var HEART_SVG = "M130.4-0.8c25.4 0 46 20.6 46 46.1 0 13.1-5.5 24.9-14.2 33.3L88 153.6 12.5 77.3c-7.9-8.3-12.8-19.6-12.8-31.9 0-25.5 20.6-46.1 46-46.2 19.1 0 35.5 11.7 42.4 28.4C94.9 11 111.3-0.8 130.4-0.8"
var HEART_COLOR = 'rgb(226,77,1)';
var GRAY_HEART_COLOR = "rgb(204,204,1)";
var FILL_COLORS = [
'rgba(221,70,136,1)','rgba(212,106,191,116)">'rgba(204,142,245,116)">'rgba(0,0)'
];
var PARTICLE_COLORS = [
'rgb(158,202,250)',116)">'rgb(161,235,206)',116)">'rgb(208,148,246)',116)">'rgb(244,141,166)',116)">'rgb(234,171,104)',116)">'rgb(170,163,186)'
]
getXYParticle = (total,i,radius) => {
var angle = ( (2 * Math.PI) / total ) * i;
var x = Math.round((radius * 2) * Math.cos(angle - (Math.PI / 2)));
var y = Math.round((radius * 2) * Math.sin(angle - (Math.PI / return {
x: x,y: y,}
}
getRandomInt = (min,max) => {
return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min;
}
shuffleArray = (array) => {
for (var i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
var j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
var temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[j];
array[j] = temp;
}
return array;
}
var {
Surface,Group,Path
} = Art;
//使用Animated.createAnimatedComponent对其他组件创建对话
//创建一个灰色的新型图片
var AnimatedShape = Animated.createAnimatedComponent(Shape);
var {
width: deviceWidth,height: deviceHeight
} = Dimensions.get('window');
export default class ArtAnimView extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
animation: new Animated.Value(0)
};
}
explode = () => {
Animated.timing(this.state.animation,{
duration: 1500,toValue: 28
}).start(() => {
this.state.animation.setValue(0);
this.forceUpdate();
});
}
getSmallExplosions = (radius,offset) => {
return [3,255)">4,255)">5,255)">6].map((v,t) => {
var scaleOut = this.state.animation.interpolate({
inputRange: [5.99,255)">6,255)">13.99,255)">14,255)">21],outputRange: [0],extrapolate: 'clamp'
});
var moveUp = 14],255)">-15],114)">var moveDown = 15],114)">var color_top_particle = 8,255)">10,255)">12,255)">17,outputRange: shuffleArray(PARTICLE_COLORS)
})
var color_bottom_particle = var position = getXYParticle(7,radius)
return (
<Group
x={position.x + offset.x }
y={position.y + offset.y}
rotation={getRandomInt(40) * i}
>
<AnimatedCircle
x={moveUp}
y={moveUp}
radius={15}
scale={scaleOut}
fill={color_top_particle}
/>
<AnimatedCircle
x={moveDown}
y={moveDown}
radius={8}
scale={scaleOut}
fill={color_bottom_particle}
/>
</Group>
)
},this)
}
render() {
var heart_scale = this.state.animation.interpolate({
inputRange: [.01,255)">18,255)">28],255)">.1,255)">1.2,255)">1],116)">'clamp'
});
var heart_fill = 2],outputRange: [GRAY_HEART_COLOR,HEART_COLOR],116)">'clamp'
})
var heart_x = heart_scale.interpolate({
inputRange: [90,})
var heart_y = heart_scale.interpolate({
inputRange: [75,114)">var circle_scale = 4],255)">.3,114)">var circle_stroke_width = 10],255)">15,114)">var circle_fill_colors = 4.99,255)">5],outputRange: FILL_COLORS,114)">var circle_opacity = 9.99,116)">'clamp'
})
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<TouchableWithoutFeedback onPress={this.explode} style={styles.container}>
<View style={{transform: [{scale: .8}]}}>
<Surface width={deviceWidth} height={deviceHeight}>
<Group x={75} y={200}>
<AnimatedShape
d={HEART_SVG}
x={heart_x}
y={heart_y}
scale={heart_scale}
fill={heart_fill}
/>
<AnimatedCircle
x={89}
y={75}
radius={150}
scale={circle_scale}
strokeWidth={circle_stroke_width}
stroke={FILL_COLORS[2]}
fill={circle_fill_colors}
opacity={circle_opacity}
/>
{this.getSmallExplosions(89,y: 75})}
</Group>
</Surface>
</View>
</TouchableWithoutFeedback>
</View>
);
}
};
class AnimatedCircle extends Component {
render() {
var radius = this.props.radius;
var path = Path().moveTo(-2,radius)
.close();
return React.createElement(AnimatedShape);
}
}
var styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 原文地址