虚拟机上安装Oracle 12c 单机到单机的DG 环境准备： ubuntu16.04+kvm1.3.2 CentOS6.5 64bit oracle 12c1 test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=40G ./cos6512c1.img Formatting './cos6512c1.img',fmt=qcow2 size=42949672960 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16 test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o size=40G ./cos6512c2.img Formatting './cos6512c1.img',fmt=qcow2 size=42949672960 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16 test@vostro-2421:/media/test/mc2t/bak/kvm/dg$ qemu-img info ./cos6512c1.img image: ./cos6512c1.img file format: qcow2 virtual size: 40G (42949672960 bytes) disk size: 196K cluster_size: 65536 Format specific information: compat: 1.1 lazy refcounts: false refcount bits: 16 corrupt: false 3G内存40G硬盘未分区，由CENTOS6.5自动处理 database server->customize now->databases不安装MysqL.postgresql数据库->Desktops->Desktop.xwindowssystem->Development除eclipse，其他全安装。 vi /etc/hosts 192.168.122.4 dg1 192.168.122.5 dg2 1.规划 主库(192.168.122.4)dg1： db_name dg1 db_unique_name dg1 service_name dg1 instance_name dg1 本地归档路径 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog tnsnames dg2 --配置去备库的tns 备库(192.168.122.5)dg2： db_name dg1 数据库名要一样 db_unique_name dg2 在一个dg环境里面，每一个成员的名字。 servicer_name dg2 instance_name dg2 实例名可以不一样 本地归档路径 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog tnsnames dg1 --配置去主库的tns 2.安装ORACLE 在VNC下使用Oracle用户安装软件，，无法正常显示图形界面解决办法:root用户执行 xhost + 重装oracle： shutdown immediate; lsnrctl stop echo '' > /etc/oratab rm -rf /u01 go1/2[脚本见我的另一文档] 1:/2:[1指dg1,2指dg2服务器] 安装oracle数据库 disable I wish to receve security updates via My Oracle Support ->next -> no email ->yes ->Skip software updates ->next ->Create and configure a database ->next ->Server class ->next ->Single instance ->next ->Advanced install ->next ->add Simplified chinese ->next ->Enterprise Edition ->next ->next ->next ->next Global database name:dg1 Oracle system identifier(SID):dg1/2 Pluggable database name: pdbdg1/2 ->next Memory: Enable Automatic Memory Management Allocate memory 40% Character sets: Traditional Chinaese ZHT16HKSCS ->next database file location:/u01/app/oracle/oradata ->next ->next Enable Recovery File system Recovery area location: /u01/app/oracle/recovery_area ->next Use the same passwor all accounts:123456 ->next ->yes ->next ->install database creation complete.For details check the logfiles at: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/dg1 Global Database Name: dg1 System Identifier(SID): dg1/2 Server Parameter File name:/u01/app/oracle/dbhome/dbs/spfiledg1/2.ora EM Database Express URL:https://dg1/2:5500/em ->ok ->close log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-10-09...log ORACLE不会自动启动，运行dbSet.sh dg2: ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db20161009.rsp $ netca $ dbca 3.设置DG数据库环境 dg1/2: sql> alter database force logging; Database altered. sql> select force_logging from v$database; FORCE_LOGGING ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ YES [oracle@dg1 dg1]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1 [oracle@dg1 dg1]$ ls control01.ctl pdbseed redo02.log sysaux01.dbf temp01.dbf users01.dbf pdbdg1 redo01.log redo03.log system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf sql> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/' scope=both; sql> alter database close; sql> alter database archivelog; sql> select GROUP#,MEMBERS,BYTES/1024/1024 from v$log; GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES/1024/1024 ---------- ---------- --------------- 1 1 50 3 1 50 2 1 50 sql> select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile; GROUP# ---------- MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo03.log 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo02.log 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/redo01.log sql> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo1.log' size 50M; Database altered. sql> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo2.log' size 50M; Database altered. sql> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo3.log' size 50M; Database altered. sql> alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/stdredo4.log' size 50M; Database altered. 4.修改SPFILE参数文件 [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ mkdir bak [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cp *.* ./bak/ [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cp *1 ./bak [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls bak hc_dg1.dat init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls bak hc_dg1.dat init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora sql> create pfile from spfile; [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ ls bak hc_dg1.dat initdg1.ora init.ora lkDG1 orapwdg1 spfiledg1.ora dg1$ vi initdg1.ora添加 #primary dg1 DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg1' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)' log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg1' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dg2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO dg2$ vi initdg2.ora添加 #standby dg2 DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg2' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog' db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog' 5.配置网络监听 [oracle@dg1 admin]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin [oracle@dg1 admin]$ mkdir bak [oracle@dg1 admin]$ cp *.* bak/ [oracle@dg1 admin]$ ls bak listener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora [oracle@dg1 admin]$ ls bak listener.ora shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora 1/2$ vi tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. DG1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.4)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = dg1) ) ) DG2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.5)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = dg2) ) ) 1$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg1) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome) (SID_NAME = dg1) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg1)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) 2$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome) (SID_NAME = dg2) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) 6.用新参数重新启动数据库 sql> shutdown immediate ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. sql> create spfile from pfile; File created. sql> startup; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes Fixed Size 2287912 bytes Variable Size 805308120 bytes Database Buffers 452984832 bytes Redo Buffers 8785920 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. [oracle@dg1 dbs]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/dbs dg2: [oracle@dg2 dbs]$ ls bak hc_dg2.dat init.ora spfiledg2.ora lkDG2 orapwdg2 sql> create pfile from spfile; [oracle@dg2 dbs]$ ls bak hc_dg2.dat initdg2.ora lkDG2 orapwdg2 init.ora spfiledg2.ora $ vi initdg2.ora #standby dg2 DB_UNIQUE_NAME='dg2' log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog' [oracle@dg2 admin]$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome) (SID_NAME = dg2) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dg2)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) [oracle@dg2 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/12c/dbhome/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. DG1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.4)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = dg1) ) ) DG2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.122.5)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = dg2) ) ) sql> create spfile from pfile; sql> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytes Fixed Size 2287912 bytes Variable Size 788530904 bytes Database Buffers 469762048 bytes Redo Buffers 8785920 bytes 7.rman duplicate 复制数据库 [oracle@dg2 dbs]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/pdbdg1 shutdiwn immediate;startup nomount; dg2$ rman target sys/123456@dg1 auxiliary sys/123456@dg2 RMAN>duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover; ...... archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dg1/archivelog1_57_924786787.dbf thread=1 sequence=57 media recovery complete,elapsed time: 00:02:46 Finished recover at 2016:10:12 13:45:07 Finished Duplicate Db at 2016:10:12 13:45:38 RMAN> 8.启动备库数据库 sql> alter database open; sql> select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby; PROCESS CLIENT_PROCESS SEQUENCE# STATUS ------------------ ---------------- ---------- ------------------------ ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED sql> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; sql> select process,status from v$managed_standby; PROCESS CLIENT_P SEQUENCE# STATUS --------- -------- ---------- ------------ ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED ARCH ARCH 0 CONNECTED MRP0 N/A 27 WAIT_FOR_LOG sql> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log; SEQUENCE# APPLIED ---------- ------------------ 51 YES 52 YES 53 YES 9.测试DG dg1$ sqlplus / as sysdba sql> create tablespace mc datafile '/home/oracle/mc01.dbf' size 10M autoextend on next 5M maxsize 100M; Tablespace created. sql> CREATE USER c##mcc IDENTIFIED BY mcc DEFAULT TABLESPACE mc; User created. sql> grant connect,resource to c##mc; Grant succeeded. sql> alter user c##mc QUOTA unlimited ON mc TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp; User altered. dg1$ sqlplus c##mcc/mcc sql> create table bb(a varchar(3),b varchar(3)); Table created. sql> insert into bb values('q','q'); 1 row created. sql> commit; Commit complete. dg2$ sqlplus c##mcc/mcc sql> desc bb; Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- A VARCHAR2(3) B VARCHAR2(3) sql> select * from bb; A B ------ ------ q q sql> OK 10.参考： http://blog.csdn.net/knuuy/article/details/47154571 http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/41675139 原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/oracle/212300.html