数据库文件的写入和读出出现乱码的情况,有可能是以下问题造成的:
$conn = @ MysqL_CONNECT("localhost","root","")OR DIE ("数据库连接错误");
MysqL_SELECT_DB("millia",$conn);
MysqL_QUERY('SET NAMES UTF8');//使用UTF8而不是UTF-8中文编码
MysqL> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/MysqL/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MysqL> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
默认就是瑞典latin1,一下是换成我们自己的编码,如utf8:外部访问数据乱码的问题就出在这个connection连接层上,解决方法是在发送查询前执行一下下面这句:
SET NAMES 'utf8';
它相当于下面的三句指令:
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;
一般只有在访问之前执行这个代码就解决问题了,下面是创建数据库和数据表的,设置为我们自己的编码格式。
创建数据库时编码设置
MysqL> create database name character set utf8;
创建表时编码设置
CREATE TABLE `type` (`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,`flag_deleted` enum('Y','N') character set utf8 NOT NULL default 'N',`flag_type` int(5) NOT NULL default '0',`type_name` varchar(50) character set utf8 NOT NULL default '',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
MysqL> alter database name character set utf8;
修改表默认用utf8.
MysqL> alter table type character set utf8;
修改字段用utf8
MysqL> alter table type modify type_name varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8;
附:MysqL编码设置步骤
MysqL的配置文件Windows下一般在系统目录下或者在MysqL的安装目录下名字叫my.ini,可以搜索,Linux下一般是 /etc/my.cnf
default-character-set = utf8
default-character-set = utf8
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init_connect = 'SET collation_connection = utf8_general_ci'
init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
lower_case_table_names = 1 //表名不区分大小写(此与编码无关)
default-character-set = utf8
default-character-set = utf8
default-character-set = utf8
二、重新启动MysqL服务
Windows可在服务管理器中操作,也可使用命令行:
net stop MysqL 回车
net start MysqL 回车
服务名可能不一定为MysqL,请按自己的设置
Linux下面可是用 service MysqL restart
三、查看设置结果
MysqL –uroot –p 回车
输入密码
进入MysqL后 执行 :show variables like "%char%";
显示结果应该类似如下:
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/MysqL/charsets/ |
如果仍有编码不是utf8的,请检查配置文件,也可使用MysqL命令设置:
set character_set_client = utf8;
set character_set_server = utf8;
set character_set_connection = utf8;
set character_set_database = utf8;
set character_set_results = utf8;
set collation_connection = utf8_general_ci;
set collation_database = utf8_general_ci;
set collation_server = utf8_general_ci;
以上命令有部分只对当前登录有效,所以不是很管用。
四、建库导入数据
导入sql脚本文件前,先确保该脚本文件及内容格式为UTF-8编码格式,
同以上方法登入MysqL命令行,use 库名 进入相应数据库
set names utf8;
五、程序连接字符串(此项与MysqL设置无关,为程序开发使用)
对于较老的jdbc版本的驱动,连接字符创可使用一下相似格式:
jdbc:MysqL://127.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
六、附录
如果无法更改数据库配置文件,可以采取一下方法(不保证全部有效):
例如 create database `test` default character set utf8;
2、导入数据库sql的时候,请确保sql文件为utf-8编码
进入MysqL命令行后输入 set names utf8;
再进入数据库
use test;
在导入sql脚本 source test.sql;
3、连接字符串类似如下:(开发相关,非数据库设置)
jdbc:MysqL://127.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8