JSONModel是一个解析服务器返回的Json数据的库。
通常服务器传回的json数据要通过写一个数据转换模块将NSDictionary转换为Model,将NSString数据转换为Model中property的数据类型。
JSONModel的出现就是为了将这种解析工作在设计层面完成。
对其源码的核心部分JSONModel.m做了源码阅读,笔记如下:
在
-(id)initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary*)dict error:(NSError**)err
函数中完成所有解析工作:如果有任何失误或者错误直接返回nil。
-(id)initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary*)dict error:(NSError**)err { //1、做有效性判断(dict是不是空啊,dict是不是真是一个NSDictionary) //check for nil input if (!dict) { if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInputIsNil]; return nil; } //invalid input,just create empty instance if (![dict isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]]) { if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInvalidData]; return nil; } //create a class instance self = [super init]; if (!self) { //super init didn't succeed if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorModelIsInvalid]; return nil; } //__setup__中通过调用__restrospectProperties建立类属性的映射表,并且存放在全局变量classProperties里面 //->__restrospectProperties中利用runtime function搞出属性列表: // ->获得属性列表class_copyPropertyList(得到objc_property_t数组)->对于每一个objc_property_t调用property_getName获得名称,property_getAttributes获得属性的描述(字符串)->通过解析字符串获得属性的类型、是否是Mutable、是否是基本的JSON类型等等 // ->调用[class superclass]获得父类继续获取列表 // ->列表保存在classProperties中备用 //->调用+keyMapper获得key转换列表,生成JSONKeyMapper对象存入keyMapper。 //do initial class setup,retrospec properties [self __setup__]; //看看必传参数中是否在输入参数中都有。 //check if all required properties are present NSArray* incomingKeysArray = [dict allKeys]; NSMutableSet* requiredProperties = [self __requiredPropertyNames]; NSSet* incomingKeys = [NSSet setWithArray: incomingKeysArray]; //get the key mapper JSONKeyMapper* keyMapper = keyMappers[__className_]; //transform the key names,if neccessary if (keyMapper) { //对比dict输入的keyName导入NSSet与keyMapper中JSONKeyMapper对象做keyName的转换。统一转换为对象的propertyname。 NSMutableSet* transformedIncomingKeys = [NSMutableSet setWithCapacity: requiredProperties.count]; NSString* transformedName = nil; //loop over the required properties list for (NSString* requiredPropertyName in requiredProperties) { //get the mapped key path transformedName = keyMapper.modelToJSONKeyBlock(requiredPropertyName); //chek if exists and if so,add to incoming keys if ([dict valueForKeyPath:transformedName]) { [transformedIncomingKeys addObject: requiredPropertyName]; } } //overwrite the raw incoming list with the mapped key names incomingKeys = transformedIncomingKeys; } //利用NSSet的isSubsetOfSet:将必传参数表与输入的keyName表对比。如果不是包含关系说明参数传的不够。 //check for missing input keys if (![requiredProperties isSubsetOfSet:incomingKeys]) { //get a list of the missing properties [requiredProperties minusSet:incomingKeys]; //not all required properties are in - invalid input JMLog(@"Incoming data was invalid [%@ initWithDictionary:]. Keys missing: %@",self._className_,requiredProperties); if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInvalidDataWithMissingKeys:requiredProperties]; return nil; } //not needed anymore incomingKeys= nil; requiredProperties= nil; //从对象的classProperties列表中循环到dict中取值:(赋值使用KVO操作的setValue:forKey:来做的,这样会直接调用setter函数赋值) //loop over the incoming keys and set self's properties for (JSONModelClassProperty* property in [self __properties__]) { //对于每一个对象的property,通过keyMapper的转换找到对应dict property的dictKeyPath,找到值jsonValue。如果没有值,并且这个属性是Optional的就进行下一项property对比。 //convert key name ot model keys,if a mapper is provided NSString* jsonKeyPath = property.name; if (keyMapper) jsonKeyPath = keyMapper.modelToJSONKeyBlock( property.name ); //JMLog(@"keyPath: %@",jsonKeyPath); //general check for data type compliance id jsonValue = [dict valueForKeyPath: jsonKeyPath]; //check for Optional properties if (jsonValue==nil && property.isOptional==YES) { //skip this property,continue with next property continue; } //对找到的值做类型判断,如果不是JSON应该返回的数据类型就报错。(注意:NSNull是可以作为参数回传的) Class jsonValueClass = [jsonValue class]; BOOL isValueOfAllowedType = NO; for (Class allowedType in allowedJSONTypes) { if ( [jsonValueClass isSubclassOfClass: allowedType] ) { isValueOfAllowedType = YES; break; } } if (isValueOfAllowedType==NO) { //type not allowed JMLog(@"Type %@ is not allowed in JSON.",NSStringFromClass(jsonValueClass)); if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInvalidData]; return nil; } //check if there's matching property in the model //JSONModelClassProperty* property = classProperties[self.className][key]; //接着对property的属性与jsonValue进行类型匹配: if (property) { //如果是基本类型(int/float等)直接值拷贝; // 0) handle primitives if (property.type == nil && property.structName==nil) { //just copy the value [self setValue:jsonValue forKey: property.name]; //skip directly to the next key continue; } //如果是NSNull直接赋空值; // 0.5) handle nils if (isNull(jsonValue)) { [self setValue:nil forKey: property.name]; continue; } //如果是值也是一个JsonModel,递归搞JsonModel // 1) check if property is itself a JSONModel if ([[property.type class] isSubclassOfClass:[JSONModel class]]) { //initialize the property's model,store it NSError* initError = nil; id value = [[property.type alloc] initWithDictionary: jsonValue error:&initError]; if (!value) { if (initError && err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInvalidData]; return nil; } [self setValue:value forKey: property.name]; //for clarity,does the same without continue continue; } else { //如果property中有protocol解析将jsonValue按照protocol解析,如NSArray<JsonModelSubclass>,protocol就是JsonModelSubclass // 2) check if there's a protocol to the property // ) might or not be the case there's a built in transofrm for it if (property.protocol) { //JMLog(@"proto: %@",p.protocol); //__transform:forProperty:函数功能: // ->先判断下protocolClass是否在运行环境中存在,如不存在并且property是NSArray类型,直接报错。否则,直接返回。 // ->如果protocalClass是JsonModel的子类, // ->如果property.type是NSArray // ->判断一下是否是使用时转换 // ->如果为使用时转换则输出一个JSONModelArray(NSArray)的子类 // ->如果不是使用时转换则输出一个NSArray,其中的对象全部转换为protocalClass所对应对象 // ->如果property.type是NSDictionary // ->将value转换为protocalClass所对应对象 // ->根据key存储到一个NSDictionary中输出 jsonValue = [self __transform:jsonValue forProperty:property]; if (!jsonValue) { if (err) *err = [JSONModelError errorInvalidData]; return nil; } } //如果是基本JSON类型(NSString/NSNumber) // 3.1) handle matching standard JSON types if (property.isStandardJSONType && [jsonValue isKindOfClass: property.type]) { //如果是mutable的,做一份MutableCopy //mutable properties if (property.isMutable) { jsonValue = [jsonValue mutableCopy]; } //set the property value [self setValue:jsonValue forKey: property.name]; continue; } //如果property.type是NSArray // 3.3) handle values to transform if ( //如果(类型没有匹配,并且jsonValue不为空)或者是Mutable的property(说明是特殊类型转换) (![jsonValue isKindOfClass:property.type] && !isNull(jsonValue)) || //the property is mutable property.isMutable ) { //利用JSONValueTransformer找到源类型 // searched around the web how to do this better // but did not find any solution,maybe that's the best idea? (hardly) Class sourceClass = [JSONValueTransformer classByResolvingClusterClasses:[jsonValue class]]; //JMLog(@"to type: [%@] from type: [%@] transformer: [%@]",p.type,sourceClass,selectorName); //用字符串拼出转换函数的名称字符串,到JSONValueTransformer中去搜索@SEL执行出正确类型 //build a method selector for the property and json object classes NSString* selectorName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@From%@:",(property.structName? property.structName : property.type),//target name sourceClass]; //source name SEL selector = NSSelectorFromString(selectorName); //check if there's a transformer with that name if ([valueTransformer respondsToSelector:selector]) { //it's OK,believe me... #pragma clang diagnostic push #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Warc-performSelector-leaks" //transform the value jsonValue = [valueTransformer performSelector:selector withObject:jsonValue]; #pragma clang diagnostic pop [self setValue:jsonValue forKey: property.name]; } else { // it's not a JSON data type,and there's no transformer for it // if property type is not supported - that's a programmer mistaked -> exception @throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Type not allowed" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ type not supported for %@.%@",property.type,[self class],property.name] userInfo:nil]; return nil; } } else { //哪儿都不是的直接存起来 // 3.4) handle "all other" cases (if any) [self setValue:jsonValue forKey: property.name]; } } } } //最后调用validate:看看结果是不是有效,没问题就返回了。 //run any custom model validation NSError* validationError = nil; BOOL doesModelDataValidate = [self validate:&validationError]; if (doesModelDataValidate == NO) { if (err) *err = validationError; return nil; } //model is valid! yay! return self; }
程序亮点:
1、为了提高效率通过static的NSArray和NSDictionary进行解耦。
2、JSONValueTransformer实现了一个可复用的类型转换模板。
3、通过runtime function解析出property列表,通过property相关函数解析出名称,和Attributes的信息。
4、NSScanner的使用
5、NSSet的包含关系判断两个集合的交集
6、利用[NSObject setValue:forKey:]的KVO操作赋值,可以直接调用setter函数,并且可以赋nil到property中
7、适时给子类一个函数可以修改父类的一些行为