java-Apache POI-读取由TEXT()公式格式化的单元格

我有一个带有日期的EXCEL文件.它们的格式为TEXT,例如：= TEXT(TODAY();“ yyyy-MM-dd”)

在EXCEL中,日期已正确设置为文本格式,但是当我使用Apache POI读取单元格时,它将返回数字值.
为什么？为什么POI无法读取格式化的文本值？

我不想在JAVA应用程序中设置日期格式,因为EXCEL文件应定义格式(每个值可能不同).

这是我读取单元格值的代码：

private static String getString(Cell cell) {
 if (cell == null) return null; 

 if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() != CellType.FORMULA) { 
  switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) { 
   case STRING: 
    return cell.getStringCellValue().trim(); 
   case BOOLEAN: 
    return String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
   case NUMERIC: 
    return String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); 
   case BLANK: 
    return null; 
   case ERROR: 
    throw new RuntimeException(ErrorEval.getText(cell.getErrorCellValue())); 
   default: 
    throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cell type " + cell.getCellTypeEnum());
  }
 } 
 FormulaEvaluator evaluator = cell.getSheet().getWorkbook().getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();
 try { 
  CellValue cellValue = evaluator.evaluate(cell); 
  switch (cellValue.getCellTypeEnum()) { 
   case NUMERIC: 
    return String.valueOf(cellValue.getNumberValue());
   case STRING: 
    return cellValue.getStringValue().trim(); 
   case BOOLEAN: 
    return String.valueOf(cellValue.getBooleanValue()); 
   case ERROR: 
    throw new RuntimeException(ErrorEval.getText(cellValue.getErrorValue())); 
   default: 
    throw new RuntimeException("unexpected
cell type " + cellValue.getCellTypeEnum()); 
  } 
 } catch (RuntimeException e) { 
  throw new RuntimeException("Could not evaluate the value of " + cell.getAddress() + " in sheet " + cell.getSheet().getSheetName(),e);
 }
}

最佳答案

仅当使用的Excel不是英语时,才会出现此问题.那么该公式实际上不是例如= TEXT(A2,“ yyyy-MM-dd”),而是例如在我的德语Excel中为= TEXT(A2,“ JJJJ-MM-TT”).

如您所见,尽管所有其他公式部分始终都是en_US语言环境,但TEXT函数中的format部分将始终与语言环境相关.这是因为格式部分位于公式内的字符串中,不会更改.因此,德语为= TEXT(A2,“ JJJJ-MM-TT”)(年份= Jahr,Day =标记),法语为= TEXT(A2,“ AAAA-MM-JJ”)(年份=Année,Day = Jour).

而且由于apache poi的FormulaEvaluator到目前为止还没有语言环境设置,因此该公式无法正确评估.

然后,我们有两种可能性.

首先,我们希望存储的单元格值应该是所需的字符串.因此,如果单元格公式以“ TEXT”开头并且包含“ JJJJ-MM-TT”,则不要进行评估,因为这样做不合适.而是从Excel的上一次评估中获取字符串单元格值.

其次,我们可以在公式中用en_US替换语言环境相关的格式部分,然后让apache poi求值.至少如果我们只想读取而不是重写Excel文件,则不会破坏Excel文件中的内容.

代码优先方法：

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;

import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.ErrorEval;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

class ReadExcelExample {

 private static String getString(Cell cell,FormulaEvaluator evaluator) {
  if (cell == null) return "null";
  String text = "";
  switch (cell.getCellType()) {
  //switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
   case STRING:
    text = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();
   break;
   case NUMERIC:
    if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
     text = String.valueOf(cell.getDateCellValue());
    } else {
     text = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
    }
   break;
   case BOOLEAN:
    text = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
   break;
   case FORMULA:
    text = cell.getCellFormula();

    //if formula is TEXT(...,"JJJJ-MM-TT") then do not evaluating:
    if (cell.getCellFormula().startsWith("TEXT") && cell.getCellFormula().contains("JJJJ-MM-TT")) {
     text = text + ": value got from cell = " + cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();

    } else {
     CellValue cellValue = evaluator.evaluate(cell); 
     switch (cellValue.getCellType()) {
     //switch (cellValue.getCellTypeEnum()) {
      case STRING:
       text = text + ": " + cellValue.getStringValue();
      break;
      case NUMERIC:
       if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
        text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(DateUtil.getJavaDate(cellValue.getNumberValue()));
       } else {
        text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(cellValue.getNumberValue());
       }
      break;
      case BOOLEAN:
       text = text + ": " + String.valueOf(cellValue.getBooleanValue());
      break;
      case ERROR:
       throw new RuntimeException("from CellValue: " + ErrorEval.getText(cellValue.getErrorValue()));
      default:
       throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cellValue type " + cellValue.getCellType()); 
     }
    }
   break;
   case ERROR:
    throw new RuntimeException("from Cell: " + ErrorEval.getText(cell.getErrorCellValue())); 
   case BLANK:
    text = "";
   break;
   default:
    throw new RuntimeException("unexpected cell type " + cell.getCellType());
  }

  return text;
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  //Workbook wb  = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xls"));
  Workbook wb  = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xlsx"));

  DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter(new java.util.Locale("en","US"));
  FormulaEvaluator evaluator = wb.getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();

  Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
  for (Row row : sheet) {
   for (Cell cell : row) {
    CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(),cell.getColumnIndex());
    System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
    System.out.print(" - ");

    String text = "";
    try {
    text = getString(cell,evaluator);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
     text = ex.toString();
    }
    System.out.println(text);

   }
  }

  wb.close();

 }
}

德文Excel：

结果：

A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"JJJJ-MM-TT"): value got from cell = 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2: 246.9
B4 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY(): Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B6 - B5=A2: true
A7 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"JJJJ-MM-TT"): value got from cell = 2019-01-11

英文Calc：

结果：

A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"yyyy-MM-dd"): 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2: 246.9
B4 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY(): Fri Jan 11 00:00:00 CET 2019
B6 - B5=A2: true
A7 - java.lang.RuntimeException: from CellValue: #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"yyyy-MM-dd"): 2019-01-11

代码第二种方法(将与语言环境相关的格式部分替换为en_US一种)：

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Locale;

class ExcelEvaluateTEXTDiffLocales {

 private static String getString(Cell cell,DataFormatter formatter,FormulaEvaluator evaluator,Locale locale) {
  String text = "";
  if (cell.getCellType() == CellType.FORMULA) {
   String cellFormula = cell.getCellFormula();
   text += cellFormula + ":= ";

   if (cellFormula.startsWith("TEXT")) {
    int startFormatPart = cellFormula.indexOf('"');
    int endFormatPart = cellFormula.lastIndexOf('"') + 1;
    String formatPartOld = cellFormula.substring(startFormatPart,endFormatPart);
    String formatPartNew = formatPartOld;
    if ("de".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
     formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("T","D"); // Tag = Day
     // Monat = Month
     formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("J","Y"); // Jahr = Year
     //...
    } else if ("fr".equals(locale.getLanguage())) {
     formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("J","D"); // Jour = Day
     // Mois = Month
     formatPartNew = formatPartNew.replace("A","Y"); // Année = Year
     //...
    } //...
    cellFormula = cellFormula.replace(formatPartOld,formatPartNew);
    cell.setCellFormula(cellFormula);
   }

  }
  try {
   text += formatter.formatCellValue(cell,evaluator);
  } catch (org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.NotImplementedException ex) {
   text += ex.toString();
  }

  return text;
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  //Workbook wb  = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xls"));
  Workbook wb  = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream("SAMPLE.xlsx"));

  Locale locale = new Locale("fr","CH");
  DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter(locale);
  FormulaEvaluator evaluator = wb.getCreationHelper().createFormulaEvaluator();

  Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
  for (Row row : sheet) {
   for (Cell cell : row) {
    CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(),cell.getColumnIndex());
    System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
    System.out.print(" - ");

    String text = "";
    text = getString(cell,formatter,evaluator,locale);

    System.out.println(text);

   }
  }

  wb.close();

 }
}

法语Calc：

结果：

A1 - Value
B1 - Formula
A2 - 1/11/2019
B2 - TEXT(A2,"AAAA-MM-JJ"):= 2019-01-11
A3 - 123.45
B3 - A3*2:= 246.9
B4 - 1/A4:= #DIV/0!
B5 - TODAY():= 1/12/2019
B6 - B5=A2:= FALSE
A7 - NA():= #N/A
B8 - TEXT(TODAY(),"AAAA-MM-JJ"):= 2019-01-12

提示：这里使用的apache poi版本是4.0.1.较低的版本可能会有进一步的评估问题.

java-Apache POI-读取由TEXT()公式格式化的单元格

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