我想要的是：

我正在创建一个原型,它应该读取bpmn2文件并列出其所有任务.

我在用什么：

目前我有一个使用jBPM 6的简单Maven应用程序.我不需要任何应用程序服务器,工作台等,因为它只是一个简单的桌面应用程序.

问题：

如果我像这样初始化引擎(as suggested by the official documentation)：

RuntimeEnvironment environment = 
                RuntimeEnvironmentBuilder.Factory.get()
                .newDefaultInMemoryBuilder()
                .persistence(false)
                .addAsset(ResourceFactory.newClassPathResource("poc4.bpmn2"),ResourceType.BPMN2)
                .get();

我收到此错误：

Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named org.jbpm.persistence.jpa
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:69)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:47)
    at org.jbpm.runtime.manager.impl.DefaultRuntimeEnvironment.init(DefaultRuntimeEnvironment.java:72)
    at org.jbpm.runtime.manager.impl.RuntimeEnvironmentBuilder.get(RuntimeEnvironmentBuilder.java:314)
    at org.jbpm.runtime.manager.impl.RuntimeEnvironmentBuilder.get(RuntimeEnvironmentBuilder.java:56)
    at com.test.jbpmpoc.main(App.java:11)

请注意,我正在尝试使用明确禁用的持久性启动引擎,但我认为不需要,因为文档说明了the engine does NOT use persistence by default.

我知道的：

根据我的研究,至少有两种初始化引擎的方法.

>使用提供运行时环境的构建器 – 我已经在做了.这似乎是the most recommended way of doing it,因为默认情况下会初始化所有服务.但是,如here和here所述,如果你想使用Tasks(这是我做的事情),这种方法需要设置持久性.
>手动初始化所​​有内容.我不太喜欢这个,因为运行一个简单的应用程序听起来太费劲了.
>使用其他运行时环境构建器.

我尝试过的：

起初,我尝试使用persistence.xml suggested by the documentation,但在创建EntityManagerFactory时出现了不同的错误：

Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: Unable to build entity manager factory
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:83)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:83)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:60)
    at com.test.jbpmpoc.App.main(App.java:30)
Caused by: org.hibernate.engine.jndi.JndiException: Error parsing JNDI name [jdbc/jbpm-ds]
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:141)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.locate(JndiServiceImpl.java:112)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.configure(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:115)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:111)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:234)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:206)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.buildJdbcConnectionAccess(JdbcServicesImpl.java:260)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:94)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:111)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:234)
    at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:206)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildTypeRegistrations(Configuration.java:1887)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1845)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:857)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:850)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.internal.ClassLoaderServiceImpl.withTccl(ClassLoaderServiceImpl.java:425)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:849)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:75)
    ... 3 more
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property,or as an applet parameter,or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getNameParser(Unknown Source)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:135)
    ... 20 more

我没有使用应用程序服务器,也没有JTA数据源和ORM文件,因此我注释了指向这些文件的行以修复此JNDI错误,然后我得到了另一个异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.persistence.NamedQuery.lockMode()Ljavax/persistence/LockModeType;
    at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.QueryHintDefinition.determineLockOptions(QueryHintDefinition.java:138)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.QueryBinder.bindQuery(QueryBinder.java:72)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.QueryBinder.bindQueries(QueryBinder.java:219)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.bindQueries(AnnotationBinder.java:374)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder.bindClass(AnnotationBinder.java:618)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processAnnotatedClassesQueue(Configuration.java:3845)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration$MetadataSourceQueue.processMetadata(Configuration.java:3799)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1412)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1846)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:857)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl$4.perform(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:850)
    at org.hibernate.boot.registry.classloading.internal.ClassLoaderServiceImpl.withTccl(ClassLoaderServiceImpl.java:425)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:849)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistenceProvider.java:75)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:83)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:60)
    at com.test.jbpmpoc.App.main(App.java:30)

我很确定我离这里越来越近了.如果我在应用程序服务器外运行,是否真的需要JTA数据源和ORM文件？ jBPM安装程序没有附带这些,我在哪里可以找到它们？

我还尝试使用空构建器而不是默认构建器之一,因此我需要手动初始化所​​有内容,包括TaskService,如果我想管理任务(列表,执行等),我认为我需要启动它. .但是,它也需要persistence.xml,因为我一直收到No Persistence provider消息.

编辑

我之前应该猜到NoSuchMethodError异常是由错误版本的Maven工件引起的.我还在我的持久性定义中使用JTA作为我的事务策略,但是没有提供任何jta数据源.但是,现在我已经更改了我的pom.xml和persistence.xml,我收到此错误：

Exception in thread "main" javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: org.jbpm.persistence.jpa] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
    at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:900)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:57)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:63)
    at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:47)
    at com.test.jbpmpoc.App.main(App.java:30)
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Errors in named queries: GetProcessInstanceIdByCorrelation
    at org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl.