在这个例子中,我有一个简单的JFrame包含一个绑定了ActionListener的JButton.这个AcitonListener只是更改了一个允许程序完成的布尔标志.
- public class Test {
- public static void main(String[] args){
- final boolean[] flag = new boolean[1];
- flag[0] = false;
- JFrame myFrame = new JFrame("Test");
- JButton myButton = new JButton("Click Me!");
- myButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
- @Override
- public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
- System.out.println("Button was clicked!");
- flag[0] = true;
- }
- });
- myFrame.add(myButton);
- myFrame.setSize(128,128);
- myFrame.setVisible(true);
- System.out.println("Waiting");
- while(!flag[0]){}
- System.out.println("Finished");
- }
- }
这永远不会打印“完成”,并且在点击按钮后打印一次
- Waiting
- Button was clicked!
但是,如果我修改while循环来读取
- while(!flag[0]){
- System.out.println("I should do nothing. I am just a print statement.");
- }
这有效!打印输出看起来像
- Waiting
- I should do nothing. I am just a print statement.
- I should do nothing. I am just a print statement.
- ....
- I should do nothing. I am just a print statement.
- Button was clicked!
- Finished
我理解这可能不是等待某个动作的正确方法,但我仍然有兴趣知道为什么Java会以这种方式运行.
解决方法
最有可能的原因是flag [0] = true;在UI线程上执行,而while(!flag [0])在主线程上执行.
如果没有同步,则无法保证UI线程中所做的更改将从主线程中可见.
通过添加System.out.println,您将引入同步点(因为println方法已同步)并且问题得到解决.
您可以将标志设置为易失性实例或类布尔变量(不是数组),或者更简单地,将要执行的任何代码放在侦听器本身中按下的按钮上.
作为参考,带有volatile变量的代码如下所示:
- private static volatile boolean flag;
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- JFrame myFrame = new JFrame("Test");
- JButton myButton = new JButton("Click Me!");
- myButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
- @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
- System.out.println("Button was clicked!");
- flag = true;
- }
- });
- myFrame.add(myButton);
- myFrame.setSize(128,128);
- myFrame.setVisible(true);
- System.out.println("Waiting");
- while (!flag) { }
- System.out.println("Finished");
- }