我在clojure中编写了一个多线程弹跳球程序.启动动画线程后,我做 –
(send-balls)
开始弹跳球线程.球不移动,这显示在控制台上 –
(#<Agent@5675b3ee Failed: #<Ref@313d21d6: {:x 759,:y 629,:x-speed 3,:y-speed 1}>> #<Agent@22cf3539 Failed: #<Ref@247881db: {:x 794,:y 258,:x-speed 2,:y-speed 3}>> #<Agent@51af4309 Failed: #<Ref@445ead9d: {:x 831,:y 251,:x-speed 4,:y-speed 2}>>)
有人能指出这里发生了什么?
(import '(java.awt Color Graphics Dimension) '(java.awt.image BufferedImage) '(javax.swing JPanel JFrame)) (def width 1000) (def height 1000) (def number-of-balls 3) (def rad 20) (def origin-x 100) (def origin-y 100) (def Box-height 500) (def Box-width 700) (def max-x (+ origin-x Box-width (* 4 rad))) (def max-y (+ origin-y Box-height (* 4 rad))) (def min-x origin-x) (def min-y origin-y) (defn init-x [] (+ (rand-int (- max-x min-x)) min-x)) (defn init-y [] (+ (rand-int (- max-y min-y)) min-y)) (defstruct ball :x :y :x-speed :y-speed) (def balls (apply vector (map (fn [_] (ref (struct ball (init-x) (init-y) (rand-int 10) (rand-int 10)))) (range number-of-balls)))) (def ball-agents (apply vector (map agent balls))) (defn get-ball [n] (balls n)) (defn set-new-x [ball] (let [x (@ball :x) x-speed (@ball :x-speed) new-x (+ x x-speed)] (dosync (if (and (>= new-x min-x) (<= new-x max-x)) (ref-set ball (assoc @ball :x new-x)) (ref-set ball (assoc @ball :x-speed (* -1 x-speed))))) (println "the new x is " @(ball :x))) @ball) (defn set-new-y [ball] (let [y (@ball :y) y-speed (@ball :y-speed) new-y (+ y y-speed)] (dosync (if (and (>= new-y min-y) (<= new-y max-y)) (ref-set ball (assoc @ball :y new-y)) (ref-set ball (assoc @ball :y-speed (* -1 y-speed)))))) @ball) (defn paint-balls [bg x y] (doto bg (.setColor (. Color red)) (.fillOval x y rad rad))) (defn render [g] (let [img (new BufferedImage width height (. BufferedImage TYPE_INT_ARGB)) bg (. img (getGraphics))] (doto bg (.setColor (. Color white)) (.fillRect 0 0 (. img (getWidth)) (. img (getHeight))) (.setColor (. Color red)) (.drawRect origin-x origin-y (+ origin-x Box-width) (+ origin-y Box-height))) (dorun (for [i (range number-of-balls)] (do (paint-balls bg (@(get-ball i) :x) (@(get-ball i) :y))))) (. g (drawImage img 0 0 nil)) (. bg (dispose)))) (def panel (doto (proxy [JPanel] [] (paint [g] (render g))) (.setPreferredSize (new Dimension width height)))) (def frame (doto (new JFrame) (.add panel) .pack .show)) (def animator (agent nil)) (defn bounce [x] (while true (set-new-x @*agent*) (set-new-y @*agent*) (. Thread (sleep 100)) (println "here in bounce " *agent*))) (defn animation [x] (send-off *agent* animation) (. panel (repaint)) (. Thread (sleep 100))) (defn send-balls [] (doall (for [i (range number-of-balls)] (do (send-off (ball-agents i) bounce))))) (send-off animator animation)
解决方法
正如我所看到的主要问题 – 您向代理发送的功能不是与代理一起运行,而是与其值(引用)一起运行.通过消除set-new-x和set-new-y函数中的@,可以使它工作.
(ns balls) (import '(java.awt Color Graphics Dimension) '(java.awt.image BufferedImage) '(javax.swing JPanel JFrame)) (def width 1000) (def height 1000) (def number-of-balls 3) (def rad 20) (def origin-x 100) (def origin-y 100) (def Box-height 500) (def Box-width 700) (def max-x (+ origin-x Box-width (* 4 rad))) (def max-y (+ origin-y Box-height (* 4 rad))) (def min-x origin-x) (def min-y origin-y) (defn init-x [] (+ (rand-int (- max-x min-x)) min-x)) (defn init-y [] (+ (rand-int (- max-y min-y)) min-y)) (defstruct ball :x :y :x-speed :y-speed) (def balls (apply vector (map (fn [_] (ref (struct ball (init-x) (init-y) (rand-int 10) (rand-int 10)))) (range number-of-balls)))) (def ball-agents (apply vector (map agent balls))) (defn get-ball [n] (balls n)) (defn set-new-x [ball] (let [x (ball :x) x-speed (ball :x-speed) new-x (+ x x-speed)] (dosync (if (and (>= new-x min-x) (<= new-x max-x)) (alter ball assoc :x new-x) (alter ball assoc :x-speed (* -1 x-speed))))) ball) (defn set-new-y [ball] (let [y (ball :y) y-speed (ball :y-speed) new-y (+ y y-speed)] (dosync (if (and (>= new-y min-y) (<= new-y max-y)) (alter ball assoc :y new-y) (alter ball assoc :y-speed (* -1 y-speed)))) ball)) (defn paint-balls [bg x y] (doto bg (.setColor (. Color red)) (.fillOval x y rad rad))) (defn render [g] (let [img (new BufferedImage width height (. BufferedImage TYPE_INT_ARGB)) bg (. img (getGraphics))] (doto bg (.setColor (. Color white)) (.fillRect 0 0 (. img (getWidth)) (. img (getHeight))) (.setColor (. Color red)) (.drawRect origin-x origin-y (+ origin-x Box-width) (+ origin-y Box-height))) (dorun (for [i (range number-of-balls)] (do (paint-balls bg (@(get-ball i) :x) (@(get-ball i) :y))))) (. g (drawImage img 0 0 nil)) (. bg (dispose)))) (def panel (doto (proxy [JPanel] [] (paint [g] (render g))) (.setPreferredSize (new Dimension width height)))) (def frame (doto (new JFrame) (.add panel) .pack .show)) (def animator (agent nil)) (defn bounce [ball_cur] (do (Thread/sleep 100) (send-off *agent* bounce) (set-new-x (set-new-y ball_cur)))) (defn animation [x] (send-off *agent* animation) (. panel (repaint)) (. Thread (sleep 100))) (defn send-balls [] (doall (for [i (range number-of-balls)] (do (send-off (ball-agents i) bounce))))) (send-off animator animation) (send-balls)