golang基础-goroutine初识、chan存取、goroutine和chan相结合、关闭chan、range取

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goroute初识

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    @H_502_35@// "os"
    "time"
)

func test(){
    var i int 
    for {
        fmt.Println(i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
        i++
    }
}

func main() {
    go test()
    for {
        fmt.Println("running in main")
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
    }
}

利用go 启动一个goroute

channel存取

先进先出
线程安全,多个goroutine同时访问,不需要加锁
channel是有类型的,一个整数的channel只能存放整数

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    @H_502_35@// "fmt"

)
type Stu struct{
    name string
}

func main() {
    @H_502_35@//int类型
    var intChan chan int 
    intChan = make(chan int,10)
    intChan <- 10

    a := <- intChan
    fmt.Println(a)
    fmt.Println("--------/map类型---------")
    @H_502_35@//map类型
    var mapChan chan map[string]string
    mapChan = make(chan map[string]string,10)
    m:= make(map[string]string,16)
    m["stu01"] = "001"
    m["stu02"] = "002"
    m["stu03"] = "003"
    mapChan <- m

    b := <- mapChan
    fmt.Println(b)
    fmt.Println("--------结构体---------")
    @H_502_35@//结构体
    var stuChan chan Stu
    stuChan = make(chan Stu,10)
    stu:= Stu{
        name:"safly",}

    stuChan <- stu
    tempStu := <- stuChan
    fmt.Println(tempStu)


    fmt.Println("--------结构体内存地址---------")
    @H_502_35@//结构体内存地址值
    var stuChanId chan *Stu
    stuChanId = make(chan *Stu,10)
    stuId := &Stu{
        name:"safly",}

    stuChanId <- stuId
    tempStuId := <- stuChanId
    fmt.Println(tempStuId)
    fmt.Println(*(tempStuId))

    fmt.Println("-----------接口---------")
    @H_502_35@//接口
    var StuInterChain chan interface{}
    StuInterChain = make(chan interface{},10)
    stuInit:= Stu{
        name:"safly",}
    @H_502_35@//存
    StuInterChain <- &stuInit
    @H_502_35@//取
    mFetchStu:= <- StuInterChain
    fmt.Println(mFetchStu)

    @H_502_35@//转
    var mStuConvert *Stu
    mStuConvert,ok := mFetchStu.(*Stu)
    if !ok{
        fmt.Println("cannot convert")
        return
    }
    fmt.Println(mStuConvert)
    fmt.Println(*(mStuConvert))

}

输出如下:

@H_502_35@PS @H_502_35@E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> @H_502_35@go @H_502_35@run @H_502_35@demo.@H_502_35@go
@H_502_35@10
--------@H_502_35@/map类型---------
@H_502_35@map[@H_502_35@stu03:003 @H_502_35@stu01:001 @H_502_35@stu02:002]
--------@H_502_35@结构体---------
@H_502_35@{safly}
--------@H_502_35@结构体内存地址---------
@H_502_35@&{safly}
@H_502_35@{safly}
-----------@H_502_35@接口---------
@H_502_35@&{safly}
@H_502_35@&{safly}
@H_502_35@{safly}
@H_502_35@PS @H_502_35@E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>

开启goroute,实现channel存取

package main

import (
    "time"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    intChan := make(chan int,5)
    go write(intChan)
    go read(intChan)

    time.Sleep(10 *time.Second)
}

@H_502_35@/* 由于管道容量是5,开启go写入10个数据,再写入5个数据, 会阻塞, 然而read每秒会读取一个,然后在会写入一个数据 */
func write(ch chan int){
    for i:= 0;i<10;i++{
        ch <- i
        fmt.Println("put data:",i)
    }
}

func read(ch chan int){
    for{
        var b int
        b = <- ch
        fmt.Println(b)
        time.Sleep(time.Second)
    }
}

测试输出如下:

PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
put data: 0
put data: 1
put data: 2
put data: 3
put data: 4
put data: 5
0
1
put data: 6
2
put data: 7
3
put data: 8
4
put data: 9
5
6
7
8
9
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>

channel关闭

channel关闭后,就不能取出数据了

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var ch chan int
    ch = make(chan int, 5)

    for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
        ch <- i
    }

    close(ch)
    for {
        var b int
        b,ok := <-ch
        if ok == false {
            fmt.Println("chan is close")
            break
        }
        fmt.Println(b)
    }
}

输出如下:

PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
0
1
2
3
4
chan is close
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>

如果将close(ch)注释掉,意思是不关闭管道,那么会出现dead lock死锁
因为存入管道5个数字,然后无限取数据,会出现死锁

range

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    var ch chan int
    ch = make(chan int, 10)

    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        ch <- i
    }

    close(ch)
    for v := range ch {
        fmt.Println(v)
    }
}

输出如下:

PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly> go run demo.go
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
PS E:\golang\go_pro\src\safly>

同样如果将close(ch)注释掉,意思是不关闭管道,那么会出现dead lock死锁 因为存入管道10个数字,然后无限取数据,在取出来第10个数据,在次range管道,会dead lock

原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/go/187736.html

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