现在的背景：我正在使用Delphi XE与Interfaces进行工作,我遇到了一个让我暂停的工件,我得出结论,我不太明白为什么.

作为接口访问的对象不需要显式释放.当最后一个参考超出范围时,它被破坏.这看起来很简单.我已经写了一个测试用例来显示按预期运行的变体,另外两个失败.六个测试用例限于Register和Unregister方法的Node参数的变化.

按下窗体上的单个按钮将创建容器和三个节点.执行操作以演示程序

该程序创建一些链接到简单容器的简单节点. #1和#6的情况发生.当节点被释放时,它调用容器Unregister()方法.该方法删除指向TList中节点的指针的副本.当在两个失败的情况下离开该方法时,它会将节点的Destroy()方法递归地重新开始,直到堆栈溢出发生.

在工作的四种情况下,Destroy()方法恢复正常,程序将继续正常退出.

失败#1(案例1)

procedure RegisterNode(Node:INode);
procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode);

从TNode.Destroy()方法调用Unregister()节点似乎影响引起对Destroy()的多次调用的INode的引用计数.为什么会发生这种情况我不明白当我注册()节点具有相同的参数样式时,不会发生.

失败#2(案例6)

procedure RegisterNode(const Node:INode);
procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode);

同样的故障模式发生在这里.将const添加到参数列表中,如第5种情况,阻止对Destroy()的递归调用.

代码：

unit fMain;
{
   Case 1 - Fails when a node is freed,after unregistering,TNode.Destroy is called again
   Case 2 - Passes
   case 3 - Passes
   Case 4 - Passes
   Case 5 - Passes
   Case 6 - Fails the same way as case 1
}
{$Define Case1}
{.$Define Case2}
{.$Define Case3}
{.$Define Case4}
{.$Define Case5}
{.$Define Case6}
interface

uses
  Windows,Messages,SysUtils,Variants,Classes,Graphics,Controls,Forms,Dialogs,StdCtrls;

type

  INode = interface;
  TNode = class;

  IContainer = interface
  ['{E8B2290E-AF97-4ECC-9C4D-DEE7BA6A153C}']
{$ifDef Case1}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:INode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case2}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:TNode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case3}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:INode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case4}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:TNode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case5}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:INode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case6}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:INode);
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
  end;
  INode = interface
  ['{37923052-D6D1-4ED5-9AC0-F7FB0076FED8}']
    procedure SetContainer(const Value:IContainer);
    function GetContainer():IContainer;
    procedure ReReg(const AContainer: IContainer);
    procedure UnReg();
    property Container : IContainer
      read GetContainer write SetContainer;
  end;

  TContainer = class(TInterfacedObject,IContainer)
  protected
    NodeList: TList;
  public
    constructor Create(); virtual;
    destructor Destroy(); override;
{$ifDef Case1}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:INode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode); virtual;
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case2}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:TNode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:TNode); virtual;
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case3}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:INode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:INode); virtual;
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case4}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:TNode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:TNode); virtual;
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case5}
    procedure RegisterNode(Node:INode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(const Node:INode); virtual;
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case6}
    procedure RegisterNode(const Node:INode); virtual;
    procedure UnregisterNode(Node:INode); virtual;
{$endIf}
  end;

  TNode = class(TInterfacedObject,INode)
  protected
    FContainer : IContainer;
  public
    constructor Create(const AContainer: IContainer); virtual;
    destructor Destroy(); override;
    procedure SetContainer(const Value:IContainer); virtual;
    function GetContainer():IContainer; virtual;
    procedure ReReg(const AContainer: IContainer); virtual;
    procedure UnReg(); virtual;
    property Container : IContainer
      read GetContainer write SetContainer;
  end;

  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    btnMakeStuff: TButton;
    procedure btnMakeStuffClick(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    MyContainer : IContainer;
    MyNode1,MyNode2,MyNode3     : INode;

  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;

implementation
{$R *.dfm}

{ TContainer }

constructor TContainer.Create();
begin
  inherited;
  NodeList := TList.Create();
end;
destructor TContainer.Destroy();
var
  i : integer;
begin
  for i := 0 to Pred(NodeList.Count) do
    INode(NodeList.Items[i]).Container := nil;  //Prevent future Node from contacting container
  NodeList.Free();
  inherited;
end;

{$ifDef Case1}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case2}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case3}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case4}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(const Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case5}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case6}
procedure TContainer.RegisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}

begin
  NodeList.Add(pointer(Node));
end;

{$ifDef Case1}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case2}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case3}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case4}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(const Node:TNode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case5}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(const Node:INode);
{$endIf}
{$ifDef Case6}
procedure TContainer.UnregisterNode(Node:INode);
{$endIf}
var
  i : integer;
begin
  i := NodeList.IndexOf(pointer(Node));
  if i >= 0 then
    NodeList.Delete(i);
end;

{ INode }

constructor TNode.Create(const AContainer: IContainer);
begin
  ReReg(AContainer);
end;

destructor TNode.Destroy();
begin   {When failing,it returns here !!!!}
  if Assigned(FContainer) then begin
    FContainer.UnregisterNode(self);
  end;
  inherited;
end;

function TNode.GetContainer(): IContainer;
begin
  Result := FContainer;
end;

procedure TNode.ReReg(const AContainer: IContainer);
begin
  if Assigned(AContainer) then
    AContainer.RegisterNode(Self);
  FContainer := AContainer;
end;

procedure TNode.SetContainer(const Value: IContainer);
begin
  if Assigned(FContainer) then
    FContainer.UnregisterNode(self);
  FContainer := Value;
  FContainer.RegisterNode(self);
end;

procedure TNode.UnReg();
begin
  if Assigned(FContainer) then
    FContainer.UnregisterNode(self);
  FContainer := nil;
end;

 { TForm1 }

procedure TForm1.btnMakeStuffClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  MyContainer := TContainer.Create();
  MyNode1 := TNode.Create(MyContainer);
  MyNode2 := TNode.Create(MyContainer);
  MyNode3 := TNode.Create(MyContainer);

  MyNode2.UnReg();  //Breakpoint here
  MyNode2.ReReg(MyContainer);  //Breakpoint here
  MyNode3 := nil;   //Case 1 & 6 cause a stackoverflow
  MyNode2 := nil;

end;

end.