从互联网上的各种来源我收集了以下功能:
public static Nullable<T> TryParseNullable<T>(this Nullable<T> t,string input) where T : struct { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input)) return default(T); Nullable<T> result = new Nullable<T>(); try { IConvertible convertibleString = (IConvertible)input; result = new Nullable<T>((T)convertibleString.ToType(typeof(T),CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); } catch (InvalidCastException) { } catch (FormatException) { } return result; }
我已经把它变成了一个扩展方法,它的工作正常,如果我直接调用它:
int? input = new int?().TryParseNullable("12345");
当我尝试使用来自另一个通用函数的上下文中的反射来调用它时,我的问题出现. SO充满了描述如何获取通用方法和静态方法的MethodInfo的答案,但我似乎无法以正确的方式将它们放在一起.
我已经正确地确定了传递的泛型类型本身是一个通用类型(Nullable<>),现在我想使用反射来调用Nullable上的TryParseNullable扩展方法:
public static T GetValue<T>(string name,T defaultValue) { string result = getSomeStringValue(name); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(result)) return defaultValue; try { if (typeof(T).IsGenericType && typeof(T).GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>)) { MethodInfo methodInfo; //using the TryParse() of the underlying type works but isn't exactly the way i want to do it //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NullableConverter nc = new NullableConverter(typeof(T)); Type t = nc.UnderlyingType; methodInfo = t.GetMethod("TryParse",BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static,Type.DefaultBinder,new[] { typeof(string),t.MakeByRefType() },null); if (methodInfo != null) { var inputParameters = new object[] { result,null }; methodInfo.Invoke(null,inputParameters); return (T) inputParameters[1]; } //start of the problem area //------------------------- Type ttype = typeof(T); //this works but is undesirable (due to reference to class containing the static method): methodInfo = typeof(ParentExtensionsClass).GetMethod("TryParseNullable",BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static); if (methodInfo != null) Console.WriteLine(methodInfo); //standard way of getting static method,doesn't work (GetMethod() returns null): methodInfo = ttype.GetMethod("TryParseNullable",BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static); if (methodInfo != null) Console.WriteLine(methodInfo); //Jon Skeet's advised method,doesn't work in this case (again GetMethod() returns null): //(see footnote for link to this answer) methodInfo = ttype.GetMethod("TryParseNullable"); methodInfo = methodInfo.MakeGenericMethod(ttype); if (methodInfo != null) Console.WriteLine(methodInfo); //another random attempt (also doesn't work): methodInfo = ttype.GetMethod("TryParseNullable",new[] { typeof(string) },null); if (methodInfo != null) Console.WriteLine(methodInfo); } // if we get this far,then we are not handling the type yet throw new ArgumentException("The type " + defaultValue.GetType() + " is not yet supported by GetValue<T>.","T"); } catch (Exception e) { [snip] } }
有人可以让我摆脱我的苦难吗?
typeof(T)返回正确的类型信息,我想这可能是使用它有点不正确的GetMethod()调用,或者我没有指定正确的参数调用GetMethod().
解决方法
问题是扩展方法不会修改它们正在“扩展”的类型.幕后实际发生的情况是,编译器将所有似乎在对象上进行的调用透明地转换为调用静态方法.
即.
int? input = new int?().TryParseNullable("12345"); // becomes... int? input = YourClass.TryParseNullable(new int?(),"12345");
从那里,显而易见,为什么它不会通过反思出现.这也解释了为什么你必须为命名空间使用一个using指令,其中定义了用于编译器可见的扩展方法的YourClass.至于你如何实际获得这些信息,我不知道有没有办法,运行所有声明的类型(可能是有趣的类的过滤列表,如果你知道那种编译时的信息)看对于在它们上定义的ExtensionMethodAttribute([ExtensionMethod])的静态方法,然后尝试解析参数列表的MethodInfo,以解决它们是否在Nullable上工作.