2 2 2 2 1 => A A A A B => (A: 4,B: 1)
1 2 2 2 1 => C A A A B => (A: 3 + 4,B: 1 + 1,C: 1)
3 3 2 3 2 => D D A E F => (A: 1 + 7,B: 2,C: 1,D: 2,E: 1,F: 1)
3 1 3 3 1 => D G E E G => (A: 8,D: 2 + 1,E: 2 + 1,F: 1,G: 1)
1 1 2 3 1 => ...
1 3 1 3 3 => ...

更新：

现在,有了一些真正的代码：

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define ROWS 6
#define COLS 5

unsigned char eles[ROWS][COLS] = { { 2,2,1 },{ 1,{ 3,3,2 },1,3 } };

struct zone {
  int acu;
  int row,col;
  int refs;
};

typedef struct zone zone;

zone *
new_zone(int row,int col) {
  zone *z = (zone *)malloc(sizeof(zone));
  z->col = col;
  z->row = row;
  z->refs = 1;
  z->acu = 0;
}

void croak (const char *str) {
  fprintf(stderr,"error: %s\n",str);
  exit(1);
}

void
free_zone(zone *z) {
  if (z->refs != 0) croak("free_zone: reference count is not cero");
  free(z);
}

zone *
ref_zone(zone *z) {
  z->refs++;
  return z;
}

void
unref_zone(zone *z) {
  z->refs--;
  if (!z->refs) free_zone(z);
}

int
main() {
  zone *last[COLS];
  zone *current[COLS];
  zone *best = new_zone(0,0);
  int i,j;
  memset(last,sizeof(last));

  for (j = 0; j < ROWS; j++) {
    for (i = 0; i < COLS; i++) {
      unsigned int ele = eles[j][i];
      zone *z;
      /* printf("analyzing ele: %d at row %d,col: %d\n",ele,j,i); */
      if (i && (ele == eles[j][i-1])) {
        /* printf("  equal to left element\n"); */
        z = ref_zone(current[i-1]);
        if (j && (ele == eles[j-1][i])) {
          zone *z1 = last[i];
          /* printf("  equal to upper element\n"); */
          if (z != z1) {
            int k;
            /* printf("  collapsing zone %p\n",z1); */
            z->acu += z1->acu;
            for (k = 0; k < COLS; k++) {
              if (last[k] == z1) {
                last[k] = ref_zone(z);
                unref_zone(z1);
              }
            }
            for (k = 0; k < i; k++) {
              if (current[k] == z1) {
                current[k] = ref_zone(z);
                unref_zone(z1);
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
      else if (j && (ele == eles[j-1][i])) {
        /* printf("  equal to upper element\n"); */
        z = ref_zone(last[i]);
      }
      else {
        /* printf("  new element\n"); */
        z = new_zone(j,i);
      }
      z->acu++;
      current[i] = z;
      /* printf("  element zone: %p\n",z); */
    }
    for (i = 0; i < COLS; i++) {
      if (j) unref_zone(last[i]);
      last[i] = current[i];
      if (best->acu < current[i]->acu) {
        unref_zone(best);
        best = ref_zone(current[i]);
        /* printf("best zone changed to %p at row; %d,col: %d,acu: %d\n",best,best->row,best->col,best->acu); */
      }
    }
  }
  printf("best zone is at row: %d,ele: %d,size: %d\n",eles[best->row][best->col],best->acu);
}