一、schema文件编写方式
①Russian Doll(俄罗斯套娃)
②Salami Slice(香肠切片)
③Venetian Blind(百叶窗) 推荐
二、Russian Doll俄罗斯套娃
顾名思义，编写方式是一层套一层，只有一个根元素，通过且套的方式编写完成。
优点：结构清晰
缺点：元素无法重用
RussionDoll.xsd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.xy.com"
xmlns:tns="http://www.xy.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<element name="books">
<complexType>
<!-- maxOccurs表示最大出现次数，unbounded表示次数无限制。默认次数为1次 -->
<sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
<element name="book">
<complexType>
<sequence minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<element name="title" type="string" />
<element name="content" type="string" />
<!-- choice标签中属性任选一个 -->
<choice>
<element name="author" type="string" />
<element name="authors">
<complexType>
<!-- all标签中的元素可以按顺序出现，但次数为1次 -->
<all>
<!-- 每个元素只能出现一次 -->
<element name="author" type="string" />
</all>
</complexType>
</element>
</choice>
</sequence>
<!-- book的属性，在schema中位置必须在sequence之后 -->
<attribute name="id" type="int" use="required" />
</complexType>
</element>
</sequence>
</complexType>
</element>
</schema>
RussionDoll.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<book:books xmlns:book="http://www.example.org/02"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="/02.xsd">
<book:book id="1">
<book:title>Java in action</book:title>
<book:content>Java is good</book:content>
<book:author>TOM</book:author>
</book:book>
<book:book id="2">
<book:title>SOA in action</book:title>
<book:content>SOA is difficult</book:content>
<book:authors>
<book:author>LILY</book:author>
</book:authors>
</book:book>
</book:books>
二、Salami Slice腊肠切片
优点：可以进行最大化的重用
缺点：根元素不清晰。book、id、title、content所有的element都可以作为根元素
SalamiSlice.xsd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.xy,com"
xmlns:tns="http://www.xy.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<element name="book" type="tns:bookType"></element>
<element name="id" type="int" />
<element name="title" type="string" />
<element name="content" type="string" />
<complexType name="bookType">
<sequence>
<element ref="tns:id" />
<element ref="tns:title" />
<element ref="tns:content" />
</sequence>
</complexType>
</schema>
三、百叶窗Venetian Blind 根元素清晰，元素可重用 VenetianBlind.xsd <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://www.xy.com" xmlns:tns="http://www.xy.com" elementFormDefault="qualified"> <element name="person" type="tns:personType"/> <complexType name="personType"> <sequence> <element name="name" type="string"/> <element name="age" type="tns:ageType"/> <element name="email" type="tns:emailType"/> </sequence> <attribute name="sex" type="tns:sexType"/> </complexType> <simpleType name="emailType"> <restriction base="string"> <pattern value="(\w+\.*)*\w+@\w+\.[A-Za-z]{2,6}"/> <minLength value="6"/> <maxLength value="255"/> </restriction> </simpleType> <simpleType name="ageType"> <restriction base="int"> <minInclusive value="1"/> <maxExclusive value="150"/> </restriction> </simpleType> <simpleType name="sexType"> <restriction base="string"> <enumeration value="男"/> <enumeration value="女"/> </restriction> </simpleType> </schema> VenetianBlind.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <person xmlns="http://www.example.org/04" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xy.com" sex="男"> <name>test</name> <age>10</age> <email>123456@QQ.com</email> </person> 复杂一些的dtd VenetianBlind2.xsd <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" targetNamespace="http://www.xy.com" xmlns:xy="http://www.xy.com" elementFormDefault="qualified"> <element name="persons" type="xy:personsType" /> <complexType name="personsType"> <sequence maxOccurs="unbounded"> <element name="person" type="xy:personType"></element> </sequence> </complexType> <complexType name="personType"> <sequence> <element name="name" type="string" /> <element name="age" type="xy:ageType" /> <element name="email" type="xy:emailType" /> </sequence> <attribute name="sex" type="xy:sexType" default="男" /> <attribute name="id" type="ID" use="required" /> </complexType> <simpleType name="emailType"> <restriction base="string"> <pattern value="(\w+\.*)*\w+@\w+\.[A-Za-z]{2,6}" /> <minLength value="6" /> <maxLength value="255" /> </restriction> </simpleType> <simpleType name="ageType"> <restriction base="int"> <minInclusive value="1" /> <maxExclusive value="150" /> </restriction> </simpleType> <simpleType name="sexType"> <restriction base="string"> <enumeration value="男" /> <enumeration value="女" /> </restriction> </simpleType> </schema> VenetianBlind2.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persons xmlns="http://www.xy.com" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xy.com"> <person sex="女" id="p1"> <name>test</name> <age>10</age> <email>123456@qq.com</email> </person> <person sex="男" id="p2"> <name>test2</name> <age>20</age> <email>123456@qq.com</email> </person> </persons>
