xml生成、解析的四种方式，dom、sax、dom4j、jdom

package com.alisoft.facepay.framework.bean; 
/** 
* 
* 定义XML文档建立与解析的接口 
*/ 
public interface XmlDocument { 
/** 
* 建立XML文档 
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称 
*/ 
public void createXml(String fileName); 
/** 
* 解析XML文档 
* @param fileName 文件全路径名称 
*/ 
public void parserXml(String fileName); 
}

1、xml具有与平台无关性，所以可以作为一种通用的数据交换格式

2、xml区分大小写

3、xml中特殊字符有五个：单引号（'/'）,双引号（"/"）、小于号（</<）大于号(>/&gt)、与（&/&）
4、xml的声明必须放在第一行

5、xml头部可以加dtd文档类型声明

几点描述：

1、dom解析方式是基于xml文档树结构，一次将整个xml都读入内存中
2、sax解析方式基于事件流的解析，适合读取xml中少量数据时
3、dom4j性能优异、功能强大、也易于使用。
4、jdom简单的解析、生成功能

需要解析的xml结构为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<employees> 
	<employee> 
		<name>ddviplinux</name> 
		<sex>m</sex> 
		<age>30</age> 
	</employee> 
</employees>

第一种DOM生成和解析xml文档

package com.lr.xml;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/**
 * 
 * DOM生成与解析XML文档
 */
public class DomDemo implements XmlDocument {
	private Document document;
	private String fileName;

	public void init() {
		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
					.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
			this.document = builder.newDocument();
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	public void createXml(String fileName) {
		Element root = this.document.createElement("employees");
		this.document.appendChild(root);
		Element employee = this.document.createElement("employee");
		Element name = this.document.createElement("name");
		name.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("丁宏亮"));
		employee.appendChild(name);
		Element sex = this.document.createElement("sex");
		sex.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("m"));
		employee.appendChild(sex);
		Element age = this.document.createElement("age");
		age.appendChild(this.document.createTextNode("30"));
		employee.appendChild(age);
		root.appendChild(employee);
		TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		try {
			Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
			DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"gb2312");
			transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT,"yes");
			PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
			StreamResult result = new StreamResult(pw);
			transformer.transform(source,result);
			System.out.println("生成XML文件成功!");
		} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (TransformerException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	public void parserXml(String fileName) {
		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
			DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
			Document document = db.parse(fileName);
			NodeList employees = document.getChildNodes();
			for (int i = 0; i < employees.getLength(); i++) {
				Node employee = employees.item(i);
				NodeList employeeInfo = employee.getChildNodes();
				for (int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.getLength(); j++) {
					Node node = employeeInfo.item(j);
					NodeList employeeMeta = node.getChildNodes();
					for (int k = 0; k < employeeMeta.getLength(); k++) {
						System.out.println(employeeMeta.item(k).getNodeName()
								+ ":" + employeeMeta.item(k).getTextContent());
					}
				}
			}
			System.out.println("解析完毕");
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
	}
}

第二种SAX生成和解析XML文档

package com.lr.xml;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

/**
 * 
 * SAX文档解析
 */
public class SaxDemo implements XmlDocument {

	public void createXml(String fileName) {
		System.out.println("<<" + fileName + ">>");
	}

	public void parserXml(String fileName) {
		SAXParserFactory saxfac = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

		try {

			SAXParser saxparser = saxfac.newSAXParser();

			InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);

			saxparser.parse(is,new MySAXHandler());

		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {

			e.printStackTrace();

		} catch (SAXException e) {

			e.printStackTrace();

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

			e.printStackTrace();

		} catch (IOException e) {

			e.printStackTrace();

		}

	}

}

class MySAXHandler extends DefaultHandler {

	boolean hasAttribute = false;

	Attributes attributes = null;

	public void startDocument() throws SAXException {

		System.out.println("文档开始打印了");

	}

	public void endDocument() throws SAXException {

		System.out.println("文档打印结束了");

	}

	public void startElement(String uri,String localName,String qName,Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {

		if (qName.equals("employees")) {

			return;

		}

		if (qName.equals("employee")) {

			System.out.println(qName);

		}

		if (attributes.getLength() > 0) {

			this.attributes = attributes;

			this.hasAttribute = true;

		}

	}

	public void endElement(String uri,String qName)

	throws SAXException {

		if (hasAttribute && (attributes != null)) {

			for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {

				System.out.println(attributes.getQName(0)
						+ attributes.getValue(0));

			}

		}

	}

	public void characters(char[] ch,int start,int length)

	throws SAXException {

		System.out.println(new String(ch,start,length));

	}

}

第三种DOM4J生成和解析XML文档

package com.lr.xml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.Iterator;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;

/**
 * 
 * Dom4j 生成XML文档与解析XML文档
 */
public class Dom4jDemo implements XmlDocument {

	public void createXml(String fileName) {
		Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
		Element employees = document.addElement("employees");
		Element employee = employees.addElement("employee");
		Element name = employee.addElement("name");
		name.setText("ddvip");
		Element sex = employee.addElement("sex");
		sex.setText("m");
		Element age = employee.addElement("age");
		age.setText("29");
		try {
			Writer fileWriter = new FileWriter(fileName);
			XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(fileWriter);
			xmlWriter.write(document);
			xmlWriter.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {

			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}

	}

	public void parserXml(String fileName) {
		File inputXml = new File(fileName);
		SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
		try {
			Document document = saxReader.read(inputXml);
			Element employees = document.getRootElement();
			for (Iterator i = employees.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
				Element employee = (Element) i.next();
				for (Iterator j = employee.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();) {
					Element node = (Element) j.next();
					System.out.println(node.getName() + ":" + node.getText());
				}

			}
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());
		}
		System.out.println("dom4j parserXml");
	}
}

第四种：JDOM生成和解析XML

package com.lr.xml;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.JDOMException;
import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;

/**
 * 
 * JDOM 生成与解析XML文档
 * 
 */
public class JdomDemo implements XmlDocument {

	public void createXml(String fileName) {
		Document document;
		Element root;
		root = new Element("employees");
		document = new Document(root);
		Element employee = new Element("employee");
		root.addContent(employee);
		Element name = new Element("name");
		name.setText("ddvip");
		employee.addContent(name);
		Element sex = new Element("sex");
		sex.setText("m");
		employee.addContent(sex);
		Element age = new Element("age");
		age.setText("23");
		employee.addContent(age);
		XMLOutputter XMLOut = new XMLOutputter();
		try {
			XMLOut.output(document,new FileOutputStream(fileName));
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void parserXml(String fileName) {
		SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder(false);
		try {
			Document document = builder.build(fileName);
			Element employees = document.getRootElement();
			List employeeList = employees.getChildren("employee");
			for (int i = 0; i < employeeList.size(); i++) {
				Element employee = (Element) employeeList.get(i);
				List employeeInfo = employee.getChildren();
				for (int j = 0; j < employeeInfo.size(); j++) {
					System.out.println(((Element) employeeInfo.get(j))
							.getName()
							+ ":" + ((Element) employeeInfo.get(j)).getValue());
				}
			}
		} catch (JDOMException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		JdomDemo jdom = new JdomDemo();
		String fileName = "d://test1.xml";
		jdom.createXml(fileName);
		jdom.parserXml(fileName);
	}
}

xml生成、解析的四种方式，dom、sax、dom4j、jdom

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