XML构架(转载) XSD Complex 空元素

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An "elements-only" complex type contains an element that contains only other elements.
“只有元素(Elements-only)”复合类型含有一个只包含其他元素的元素
Complex Types Containing Elements Only
复合类型只含有元素

An XML element,"person",that contains only other elements:
一个XML元素,只含有其他元素:
<person>
<firstname>John</firstname>
<lastname>Smith</lastname>
</person>
You can define the "person" element in a schema,like this:
你可以在一篇schema里定义"person"元素,就像这样
<xs:element name="person">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
Notice the <xs:sequence> tag. It means that the elements defined ("firstname" and "lastname") must appear in that order inside a "person" element.
注意<xs:sequence>标签。这表示所定义的元素("firstname" 和 "lastname")必须在"person"元素里以那样的次序出现。
Or you can give the complexType element a name,and let the "person" element have a type attribute that refers to the name of the complexType (if you use this method,several elements can refer to the same complex type):
或者你可以给complexType元素取个名字,让"person"元素有个类型属性,这个类型属性的名字可以参考使用complexType元素的名字(如果你用这个方法,几个元素可以同时参考使用相同的复合类型)。
<xs:element name="person" type="persontype"/>
<xs:complexType name="persontype">
</xs:complexType>
XSD 复合文字 - 纯元素
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21
XSD 复合类型 - 纯元素 XSD 混合内容的复合类型
A complex text-only element can contain text and attributes.
一个复合只含文本元素(Complex Text-Only Elements)可以含有文本和属性
Complex Text-Only Elements
复合只含文本元素(Complex Text-Only Elements)
This type contains only simple content (text and attributes),therefore we add a simpleContent element around the content. When using simple content,you must define an extension OR a restriction within the simpleContent element,51)">这种类型只含有简单内容(文本和属性),因此我们在内容周围添加一个simpleContent元素,当用到简单内容时,你必须在simpleContent元素里定义一个扩展或约束,就像这样:
<xs:element name="somename">
<xs:simpleContent>
<xs:extension base="basetype">
....
</xs:extension>
</xs:simpleContent>
OR
<xs:restriction base="basetype">
</xs:restriction>
Tip: Use the extension/restriction element to expand or to limit the base simple type for the element.
提示:用extension/restriction元素扩展或限制元素的基本简单类型(base simple type)。
Here is an example of an XML element,"shoesize",that contains text-only:
这儿是只含有文本的一个XML元素,"shoesize":
<shoesize country="france">35</shoesize>
The following example declares a complexType,"shoesize". The content is defined as an integer value,and the "shoesize" element also contains an attribute named "country":
下面的例子声明了一个复合类型,"shoesize"元素。内容定义为整数值,"shoesize"元件含有名为"country"的属性
<xs:element name="shoesize">
<xs:extension base="xs:integer">
<xs:attribute name="country" type="xs:string" />
We could also give the complexType element a name,and let the "shoesize" element have a type attribute that refers to the name of the complexType (if you use this method,51)">我们可以给complexType元件起个名字,让"shoesize"元件有种类属性,种类属性的名字就是complexType元件的名字。(如果你用这种方法,几个元素指的可以是相同的复合类型)
<xs:element name="shoesize" type="shoetype"/>
<xs:complexType name="shoetype">
XSD 混合内容的复合类型
XSD 复合文字 - 纯元素 XSD 指示器复合类型
A mixed complex type element can contain attributes,elements,and text.
混合内容的复合类型元素(XSD Complex Types Element With Mixed Content )可以含有属性,元素,和文本。
Complex Types with Mixed Content
混合内容的复合类型

一个XML元素,"letter",既含有文本又含有其他元素:
<letter>
Dear Mr.<name>John Smith</name>.
Your order <orderid>1032</orderid>
will be shipped on <shipdate>2001-07-13</shipdate>.
</letter>
The following schema declares the "letter" element:
下面的XML公式声明了"letter"元素:
<xs:element name="letter">
<xs:complexType mixed="true">
<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="orderid" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
<xs:element name="shipdate" type="xs:date"/>
Note: To enable character data to appear between the child-elements of "letter",the mixed attribute must be set to "true". The <xs:sequence> tag means that the elements defined (name,orderid and shipdate) must appear in that order inside a "letter" element.
注意:为了使字符数据能出现在"letter"子元件之间,mixed属性必须设置为"true"。<xs:sequence>标签指出了已定义的元素(name,orderid 和shipdate)在"letter"元素里必须以指定的顺序出现
我们可以给这个complexType元素一个名称,并且让"letter"元素有一个引用了complexType的名称的种类属性(如果你用了这个方法,几个元素可以同时使用相同的复合类型):
<xs:element name="letter" type="lettertype"/>
<xs:complexType name="lettertype" mixed="true">
XSD 指示器复合类型
XSD 混合内容的复合类型 XSD <any> 元素
We can control HOW elements are to be used in documents with indicators.
用指示器(Indicators)我们可以控制文件中元素的使用方法(HOW TO USE)。
Indicators
指示器(Indicators)
There are seven indicators:
有7种指示器(Indicators)
Order indicators:
顺序指示器(Indicators)
* All
全部
* Choice
选择
* Sequence
按顺序
Occurrence indicators:
出现次数指示器(Indicators):
* maxOccurs
最多出现次数
* minOccurs
最少出现次数
Group indicators:
组指示器(Indicators):
* Group name
组名
* attributeGroup name
属性名称
Order Indicators
Order indicators are used to define the order of the elements.
顺序指示器(Indicators)用于指定元素的顺序。
All Indicator
全部指示器(Indicators)
The <all> indicator specifies that the child elements can appear in any order,and that each child element must occur only once:
<all>指示器(Indicators)指明了子元件可以以任何次序出现,并且每个子元件只能出现一次:
<xs:all>
</xs:all>
Note: When using the <all> indicator you can set the <minOccurs> indicator to 0 or 1 and the <maxOccurs> indicator can only be set to 1 (the <minOccurs> and <maxOccurs> are described later).
注意:用<all> 指示器(Indicators)时你可以把<minOccurs>指示器(Indicators)设为0或1,< maxOccurs>指示器(Indicators)只能设为1(<minOccurs> 和 <maxOccurs> 我们后头再说)
Choice Indicator
选择指示器(Indicators)
The <choice> indicator specifies that either one child element or another can occur:
<choice>指示器(Indicators)指明了随便的子元素都可以出现:
<xs:choice>
<xs:element name="employee" type="employee"/>
<xs:element name="member" type="member"/>
</xs:choice>
Sequence Indicator
有序指示器(Indicators)
The <sequence> indicator specifies that the child elements must appear in a specific order:
<sequence>指示器(Indicators)指定了子元素必须以一个指明的顺序出现:
Occurrence Indicators
出现次数指示器(Indicators)
Occurrence indicators are used to define how often an element can occur.
出现次数指示器(Indicators)用于定义一个元素可以出现的次数
Note: For all "Order" and "Group" indicators (any,all,choice,sequence,group name,and group reference) the default value for maxOccurs and minOccurs is 1.
注意:对所有的"Order"和"Group"指示器(Indicators)(any,sequence,group name,和 group reference)来说,maxOccurs 和 minOccurs的默认值都是1
maxOccurs Indicator
最多出现次数指示器(Indicators)
The <maxOccurs> indicator specifies the maximum number of times an element can occur:
最多出现次数指示器(Indicators)指明了一个元素可以出现的最多次数
<xs:element name="full_name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="child_name" type="xs:string" maxOccurs="10"/>
The example above indicates that the "child_name" element can occur a minimum of one time (the default value for minOccurs is 1) and a maximum of ten times in the "person" element.
上面的例子指明了"child_name"元素在"person"元素里最少出现1次(minOccurs的默认值为1),最多出现10次
minOccurs Indicator
最少出现次数指示器(Indicators)
The <minOccurs> indicator specifies the minimum number of times an element can occur:
最少出现次数指示器(Indicators)指明了一个元素要出现的最小次数
<xs:element name="child_name" type="xs:string"
maxOccurs="10" minOccurs="0"/>
The example above indicates that the "child_name" element can occur a minimum of zero times and a maximum of ten times in the "person" element.
上面的例子指明了"child_name"元素在"person"元素里最少出现0次(minOccurs的默认值为1),最多出现10次
Tip: To allow an element to appear an unlimited number of times,use the maxOccurs="unbounded" statement:
提示:为使元件可以重复出现无数次,可以设置maxOccurs="unbounded"的状态
A working example:
实际作用例子:
An XML file called "Myfamily.xml":
名为"Myfamily.xml"的XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<persons xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="family.xsd">
<full_name>Hege Refsnes</full_name>
<child_name>Cecilie</child_name>
<full_name>Tove Refsnes</full_name>
<child_name>Hege</child_name>
<child_name>Stale</child_name>
<child_name>Jim</child_name>
<child_name>Borge</child_name>
<full_name>Stale Refsnes</full_name>
</persons>
The XML file above contains a root element named "persons". Inside this root element we have defined three "person" elements. Each "person" element must contain a "full_name" element and it can contain up to five "child_name" elements.
上面XML文件含有一个名为"persons"的根元素,这个根元素里面里我们已经定义了3个"person"元素。每个"person"元素必须含有一个"full_name"元素,而且最多可有5个"child_name"元素。
Here is the schema file "family.xsd":
下面是名为"family.xsd"的schema文件
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<xs:element name="persons">
<xs:element name="person" maxOccurs="unbounded">
minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="5"/>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
Group Indicators
组指示器(Indicators)
Group indicators are used to define related sets of elements.
组指示器(Indicators)用于定义相关的元素组。
Element Groups
元素组
Element groups are defined with the group declaration,51)">元素组要定义组声明,像这样:
<xs:group name="groupname">
...
</xs:group>
You must define an all,or sequence element inside the group declaration. The following example defines a group named "persongroup",that defines a group of elements that must occur in an exact sequence:
你必须在组声明里定义一个all,或sequence元素。下面的例子定义了一个名为"persongroup"的组,这个定义了一组元素必须以一定顺序出现:
<xs:group name="persongroup">
<xs:element name="birthday" type="xs:date"/>
After you have defined a group,you can reference it in another definition,51)">定义了一个组后,你可以在另一个组参考它,像这样:
<xs:element name="person" type="personinfo"/>
<xs:complexType name="personinfo">
<xs:group ref="persongroup"/>
<xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>
Attribute Groups
属性
Attribute groups are defined with the attributeGroup declaration,51)">属性组定义有attributeGroup(属性组)声明,像这样:
<xs:attributeGroup name="groupname">
</xs:attributeGroup>
The following example defines an attribute group named "personattrgroup":
下面的例子定义了叫做"personattrgroup"的一个属性组:
<xs:attributeGroup name="personattrgroup">
<xs:attribute name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:attribute name="birthday" type="xs:date"/>
After you have defined an attribute group,51)">定义了一个属性组之后,你可以在别的定义里参考它,像这样:
<xs:attributeGroup ref="personattrgroup"/>
</xs:element>

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