如何解析一个xml文件呢，我们可以使用libxml2库。
libxml2解析xml文件的要点是需要理解xml文档的树形结构，弄懂三个指针root,children及next，其分别代表父、子及同胞关系。
安装libxml2：
依赖：需要安装python-devel ——yuminstall python-devel
安装libxml2——./configure; make; make install
主要函数：
xmlDocPtr xmlParseFile(const char *filename);
xmlDocPtr xmlParseMemory(const char *buffer,int size);
xmlNodePtr xmlDocGetRootElement(constxmlDoc* doc);
xmlChar * xmlNodeGetContent(const xmlNode*cur);
xmlChar * xmlGetProp(const xmlNode *node,const xmlChar *name);
xmlFree(xmlNodePtr)
xmlFreeDoc(xmlDocPtr)
实例：testXml.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <libxml/parser.h>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void parseXmlNode(const xmlNodePtr & xmlRootNode);
const char* xmlFilename = "bookstore.xml";
int main(){
xmlDocPtr doc = xmlParseFile(xmlFilename);
if(NULL == doc)
{
cout << "Parsed xmlFile Failed!" << endl;
return -1;
}
xmlNodePtr xmlRootNode = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
if(NULL == xmlRootNode)
{
cout << "GetRootElement Failed" << endl;
xmlFreeDoc(doc);
return -1;
}
parseXmlNode(xmlRootNode);
xmlFreeDoc(doc);
return 0;
}
void parseXmlNode(const xmlNodePtr & xmlRootNode)
{
xmlNodePtr xmlChildNode = xmlRootNode->xmlChildrenNode;
while(NULL != xmlChildNode)
{
if(xmlChildNode->xmlChildrenNode != NULL)
{
cout << "" << (char *)xmlChildNode->name << ":";
cout << "\t" << (char*)xmlNodeGetContent(xmlChildNode) << endl;
}
if (!xmlStrcmp(xmlChildNode->name,(const xmlChar*)"title"))
{
cout << "lang of " << (char *)xmlChildNode->name << " is " << (char *)xmlGetProp(xmlChildNode,(const xmlChar*)"lang") << endl;
}
if (xmlChildNode->xmlChildrenNode != NULL)
{
parseXmlNode(xmlChildNode);
}
xmlChildNode = xmlChildNode->next;
}
return ;
}
编译：
g++ testXml.cpp -I/usr/local/libxml2/include/libxml2/ -lxml2
其中/usr/local/libxml2/include/libxml2/指出了libxml文件夹的路径
输出：
book: Everyday Italian Giada De Laurentiis 2005 30.00 title: Everyday Italian lang of title is en author: Giada De Laurentiis year: 2005 price: 30.00 book: Harry Potter J K. Rowling 2005 29.99 title: Harry Potter lang of title is en author: J K. Rowling year: 2005 price: 29.99
其中bookstore.xml 如下：
<bookstore> <book category="COOKING"> <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title> <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author> <year>2005</year> <price>30.00</price> </book> <book category="CHILDREN"> <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title> <author>J K. Rowling</author> <year>2005</year> <price>29.99</price> </book> <bookstore>
