在Word / Excel中,您必须添加自定义属性. (见图)
Custom Properties.
你可以看到有一个字段：“属性：”,你可以添加任何你想要的信息.
当您保存文件并转到文件夹中的文件位置时,可以右键单击 – >属性,您具有所有选项卡：常规/安全性/详细信息/以前的版本.使用该功能添加选项卡自定义.
Custom Properties.
你可以看到有一个字段：“属性：”,你可以添加任何你想要的信息.
当您保存文件并转到文件夹中的文件位置时,可以右键单击 – >属性,您具有所有选项卡：常规/安全性/详细信息/以前的版本.使用该功能添加选项卡自定义.
现在我想通过编码获得这些信息：Custom Properties information.然后将其解压缩到记事本.
到目前为止,我使用的是Shell32,但是我只得到“详细信息”选项卡中的信息.我做了一些研究,并看到了DSOfile.dll的一些可能性.但是我想知道是否有可能在不安装其他DLL的情况下执行此操作？
这是我的代码到目前为止的Shell32.
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(@"filepathhere"))
//{
//Console.SetOut(writer);
ReadProperties();
//}
}
static void ReadProperties()
{
List<string> arrHeaders = new List<string>();
Shell shell = new Shell();
Folder objFolder = shell.NameSpace(@"filepathhere");
FolderItem objFolderItem = objFolder.ParseName("filehere.doc");
for (int i = 0; i < short.MaxValue; i++)
{
string header = objFolder.GetDetailsOf(objFolder,i);
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(header))
break;
arrHeaders.Add(header);
}
for ( int i = 0; i < arrHeaders.Count; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}: {2}",i,arrHeaders[i],objFolder.GetDetailsOf(objFolderItem,i));
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
提前致谢！
德苏
历史上,这些属性由称为“结构化存储”的技术定义.第一个结构化存储实现是古代(但还是很活跃)的
Compound File Format
之后,Microsoft添加了结构化存储功能directly into NTFS.这允许您在任何文件(甚至.txt)文件上定义属性,如作者或标题.尽管资源管理器UI不会因为某种原因让你这样做,但我认为它仍然以编程方式工作.
然后,随着Vista,微软重新启动所有这一切,并引入了所有这一切的超集：Windows Property System.
不幸的是,在所有这一切的框架中没有.NET API.但Microsoft创建了一个名为Windows API CodePack的开源.NET库.所以,您最简单的方法来提取属性是添加对WindowsAPICodePack Core NugetPackage的引用,您可以使用它：
static void Main(string[] args)
{
foreach (var prop in new ShellPropertyCollection(@"mypath\myfile"))
{
Console.WriteLine(prop.CanonicalName + "=" + prop.ValueAsObject);
}
}
如果您不想添加额外的DLL,则可以从WindowsAPICodePack源(Windows API Code Pack: Where is it?)中提取ShellPropertyCollection代码.这是一个很好的工作,但可行.
在您的情况下的另一个解决方案是使用旧的Structure Storage原生API.我提供了一个这样做的示例.这是你如何使用它：
static void Main(string[] args)
{
foreach (var prop in new StructuredStorage(@"mypath\myfile").Properties)
{
Console.WriteLine(prop.Name + "=" + prop.Value);
}
}
public sealed class StructuredStorage
{
public static readonly Guid SummaryInformationFormatId = new Guid("{F29F85E0-4FF9-1068-AB91-08002B27B3D9}");
public static readonly Guid DocSummaryInformationFormatId = new Guid("{D5CDD502-2E9C-101B-9397-08002B2CF9AE}");
public static readonly Guid UserDefinedPropertiesId = new Guid("{D5CDD505-2E9C-101B-9397-08002B2CF9AE}");
private List<StructuredProperty> _properties = new List<StructuredProperty>();
public StructuredStorage(string filePath)
{
if (filePath == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("filePath");
FilePath = filePath;
IPropertySetStorage propertySetStorage;
int hr = StgOpenStorageEx(FilePath,STGM.STGM_READ | STGM.STGM_SHARE_DENY_NONE | STGM.STGM_DIRECT_SWMR,STGFMT.STGFMT_ANY,IntPtr.Zero,typeof(IPropertySetStorage).GUID,out propertySetStorage);
if (hr == STG_E_FILENOTFOUND || hr == STG_E_PATHNOTFOUND)
throw new FileNotFoundException(null,FilePath);
if (hr != 0)
throw new Win32Exception(hr);
try
{
LoadPropertySet(propertySetStorage,SummaryInformationFormatId);
LoadPropertySet(propertySetStorage,DocSummaryInformationFormatId);
}
finally
{
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(propertySetStorage);
}
// for some reason we can't read this one on the same COM ref?
LoadProperties(UserDefinedPropertiesId);
}
public string FilePath { get; private set; }
public IReadOnlyList<StructuredProperty> Properties
{
get
{
return _properties;
}
}
private void LoadPropertySet(IPropertySetStorage propertySetStorage,Guid fmtid)
{
IPropertyStorage propertyStorage;
int hr = propertySetStorage.Open(fmtid,STGM.STGM_READ | STGM.STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE,out propertyStorage);
if (hr == STG_E_FILENOTFOUND || hr == STG_E_ACCESSDENIED)
return;
if (hr != 0)
throw new Win32Exception(hr);
IEnumSTATPROPSTG es;
propertyStorage.Enum(out es);
if (es == null)
return;
try
{
var stg = new STATPROPSTG();
int fetched;
do
{
hr = es.Next(1,ref stg,out fetched);
if (hr != 0 && hr != 1)
throw new Win32Exception(hr);
if (fetched == 1)
{
string name = GetPropertyName(fmtid,propertyStorage,stg);
var propsec = new PROPSPEC[1];
propsec[0] = new PROPSPEC();
propsec[0].ulKind = stg.lpwstrName != null ? PRSPEC.PRSPEC_LPWSTR : PRSPEC.PRSPEC_PROPID;
IntPtr lpwstr = IntPtr.Zero;
if (stg.lpwstrName != null)
{
lpwstr = Marshal.StringToCoTaskMemUni(stg.lpwstrName);
propsec[0].union.lpwstr = lpwstr;
}
else
{
propsec[0].union.propid = stg.propid;
}
var vars = new PROPVARIANT[1];
vars[0] = new PROPVARIANT();
try
{
hr = propertyStorage.ReadMultiple(1,propsec,vars);
if (hr != 0)
throw new Win32Exception(hr);
}
finally
{
if (lpwstr != IntPtr.Zero)
{
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(lpwstr);
}
}
object value;
try
{
switch (vars[0].vt)
{
case VARTYPE.VT_BOOL:
value = vars[0].union.boolVal != 0 ? true : false;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_BSTR:
value = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(vars[0].union.bstrVal);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_CY:
value = decimal.FromOACurrency(vars[0].union.cyVal);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_DATE:
value = DateTime.FromOADate(vars[0].union.date);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_DECIMAL:
IntPtr dec = IntPtr.Zero;
Marshal.StructureToPtr(vars[0],dec,false);
value = Marshal.PtrToStructure(dec,typeof(decimal));
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_DISPATCH:
value = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(vars[0].union.pdispVal);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_ERROR:
case VARTYPE.VT_HRESULT:
value = vars[0].union.scode;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_FILETIME:
value = DateTime.FromFileTime(vars[0].union.filetime);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_I1:
value = vars[0].union.cVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_I2:
value = vars[0].union.iVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_I4:
value = vars[0].union.lVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_I8:
value = vars[0].union.hVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_INT:
value = vars[0].union.intVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_LPSTR:
value = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(vars[0].union.pszVal);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_LPWSTR:
value = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(vars[0].union.pwszVal);
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_R4:
value = vars[0].union.fltVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_R8:
value = vars[0].union.dblVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UI1:
value = vars[0].union.bVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UI2:
value = vars[0].union.uiVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UI4:
value = vars[0].union.ulVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UI8:
value = vars[0].union.uhVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UINT:
value = vars[0].union.uintVal;
break;
case VARTYPE.VT_UNKNOWN:
value = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(vars[0].union.punkVal);
break;
default:
value = null;
break;
}
}
finally
{
PropVariantClear(ref vars[0]);
}
var property = new StructuredProperty(fmtid,name,stg.propid);
property.Value = value;
_properties.Add(property);
}
}
while (fetched == 1);
}
finally
{
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(es);
}
}
private static string GetPropertyName(Guid fmtid,IPropertyStorage propertyStorage,STATPROPSTG stg)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(stg.lpwstrName))
return stg.lpwstrName;
var propids = new int[1];
propids[0] = stg.propid;
var names = new string[1];
names[0] = null;
int hr = propertyStorage.ReadPropertyNames(1,propids,names);
if (hr == 0)
return names[0];
return null;
}
public void LoadProperties(Guid formatId)
{
IPropertySetStorage propertySetStorage;
int hr = StgOpenStorageEx(FilePath,formatId);
}
finally
{
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(propertySetStorage);
}
}
private const int STG_E_FILENOTFOUND = unchecked((int)0x80030002);
private const int STG_E_PATHNOTFOUND = unchecked((int)0x80030003);
private const int STG_E_ACCESSDENIED = unchecked((int)0x80030005);
private enum PRSPEC
{
PRSPEC_LPWSTR = 0,PRSPEC_PROPID = 1
}
private enum STGFMT
{
STGFMT_ANY = 4,}
[Flags]
private enum STGM
{
STGM_READ = 0x00000000,STGM_READWRITE = 0x00000002,STGM_SHARE_DENY_NONE = 0x00000040,STGM_SHARE_DENY_WRITE = 0x00000020,STGM_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE = 0x00000010,STGM_DIRECT_SWMR = 0x00400000
}
// we only define what we handle
private enum VARTYPE : short
{
VT_I2 = 2,VT_I4 = 3,VT_R4 = 4,VT_R8 = 5,VT_CY = 6,VT_DATE = 7,VT_BSTR = 8,VT_DISPATCH = 9,VT_ERROR = 10,VT_BOOL = 11,VT_UNKNOWN = 13,VT_DECIMAL = 14,VT_I1 = 16,VT_UI1 = 17,VT_UI2 = 18,VT_UI4 = 19,VT_I8 = 20,VT_UI8 = 21,VT_INT = 22,VT_UINT = 23,VT_HRESULT = 25,VT_LPSTR = 30,VT_LPWSTR = 31,VT_FILETIME = 64,}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
private struct PROPVARIANTunion
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public sbyte cVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public byte bVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public short iVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public ushort uiVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public int lVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint ulVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public int intVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public uint uintVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public long hVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public ulong uhVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public float fltVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public double dblVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public short boolVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public int scode;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public long cyVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public double date;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public long filetime;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr bstrVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr pszVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr pwszVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr punkVal;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr pdispVal;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct PROPSPEC
{
public PRSPEC ulKind;
public PROPSPECunion union;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
private struct PROPSPECunion
{
[FieldOffset(0)]
public int propid;
[FieldOffset(0)]
public IntPtr lpwstr;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct PROPVARIANT
{
public VARTYPE vt;
public ushort wReserved1;
public ushort wReserved2;
public ushort wReserved3;
public PROPVARIANTunion union;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct STATPROPSTG
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
public string lpwstrName;
public int propid;
public VARTYPE vt;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct STATPROPSETSTG
{
public Guid fmtid;
public Guid clsid;
public uint grfFlags;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME mtime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ctime;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME atime;
public uint dwOSVersion;
}
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int StgOpenStorageEx([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwcsName,STGM grfMode,STGFMT stgfmt,int grfAttrs,IntPtr pStgOptions,IntPtr reserved2,[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid riid,out IPropertySetStorage ppObjectOpen);
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int PropVariantClear(ref PROPVARIANT pvar);
[Guid("0000013B-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IEnumSTATPROPSETSTG
{
[PreserveSig]
int Next(int celt,ref STATPROPSETSTG rgelt,out int pceltFetched);
// rest ommited
}
[Guid("00000139-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IEnumSTATPROPSTG
{
[PreserveSig]
int Next(int celt,ref STATPROPSTG rgelt,out int pceltFetched);
// rest ommited
}
[Guid("00000138-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IPropertyStorage
{
[PreserveSig]
int ReadMultiple(uint cpspec,[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray,SizeParamIndex = 0)] PROPSPEC[] rgpspec,[Out,MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray,SizeParamIndex = 0)] PROPVARIANT[] rgpropvar);
[PreserveSig]
int WriteMultiple(uint cpspec,SizeParamIndex = 0)] PROPSPEC[] rgpspec,SizeParamIndex = 0)] PROPVARIANT[] rgpropvar,uint propidNameFirst);
[PreserveSig]
int DeleteMultiple(uint cpspec,SizeParamIndex = 0)] PROPSPEC[] rgpspec);
[PreserveSig]
int ReadPropertyNames(uint cpropid,SizeParamIndex = 0)] int[] rgpropid,ArraySubType = UnmanagedType.LPWStr,SizeParamIndex = 0)] string[] rglpwstrName);
[PreserveSig]
int NotDeclared1();
[PreserveSig]
int NotDeclared2();
[PreserveSig]
int Commit(uint grfCommitFlags);
[PreserveSig]
int NotDeclared3();
[PreserveSig]
int Enum(out IEnumSTATPROPSTG ppenum);
// rest ommited
}
[Guid("0000013A-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"),InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IPropertySetStorage
{
[PreserveSig]
int Create([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid rfmtid,[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid pclsid,uint grfFlags,out IPropertyStorage ppprstg);
[PreserveSig]
int Open([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid rfmtid,out IPropertyStorage ppprstg);
[PreserveSig]
int NotDeclared3();
[PreserveSig]
int Enum(out IEnumSTATPROPSETSTG ppenum);
}
}
public sealed class StructuredProperty
{
public StructuredProperty(Guid formatId,string name,int id)
{
FormatId = formatId;
Name = name;
Id = id;
}
public Guid FormatId { get; private set; }
public string Name { get; private set; }
public int Id { get; private set; }
public object Value { get; set; }
public override string ToString()
{
return Name;
}
}
