我有一个非常奇怪的
Windows 7 IPv4路由问题,我无法深究.
该问题的摘要是默认网关设置为192.168.254.253,但它实际上使用默认网关192.168.254.254.
这是一个网络图：
.-,( ),-.
.-( )-.
.-----( internet )----.--------------------------.
| '-( ).-' | |
| '-.( ).-' | |
v v v
.------------. .------. .------.
| 10mb Fibre | | ADSL | | ADSL |
'------------' '------' '------'
| | |
| | |
v v v
.---------------------. .--------------------. .--------------------.
| Juniper Box | | Draytek DSL Router | | Draytek DSL Router |
|---------------------| |--------------------| |--------------------|
| (public IP address) | | 172.16.0.x | | 172.16.0.x |
'---------------------' '--------------------' '--------------------'
| | |
| | .-------------------'
| v v
v .-------------------------.
.-----------------. | Draytek Dual WAN Router |
| Untangle GW | |-------------------------|
|-----------------| | 192.168.254.254 |
| 192.168.254.253 | '-------------------------'
'-----------------' |
| |
| |
v v
===================================
LAN
===================================
| |
| |
v v
.----------------. .----------------.
| Windows 7 W/S | | Windows 7 W/S |
|----------------| |----------------|
| 192.168.254.38 | | 192.168.254.77 |
'----------------' '----------------'
这是最近(几周前)转换的光纤站点,原有的2条DSL线路仍然连接并运行.使用光纤线路安装了Untangle(防火墙).
以下是受影响的PC网络配置：
C:\>ipconfig /allcompartments /all Windows IP Configuration ============================================================================== Network Information for Compartment 1 (ACTIVE) ============================================================================== Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : COMP36 Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : XXXXXX.local Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Broadcast IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : XXXXXX.local Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection 2: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : XXXXXX.local Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller #2 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : C8-9C-DC-33-F1-65 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::3925:86a5:7066:ab92%15(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.38(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : 22 August 2012 10:20:32 Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : 30 August 2012 10:20:31 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.253 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 315137244 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-4A-17-8D-10-78-D2-74-2F-8A DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Tunnel adapter isatap.XXXXXX.local: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : XXXXXX.local Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes
路由表：
C:\>route print
===========================================================================
Interface List
15...c8 9c dc 33 f1 65 ......Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller #2
1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1
10...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter
11...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface
===========================================================================
IPv4 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.254.253 192.168.254.38 10
127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
192.168.254.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.254.38 266
192.168.254.38 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.254.38 266
192.168.254.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.254.38 266
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.254.38 266
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.254.38 266
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
None
IPv6 Route Table
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
If Metric Network Destination Gateway
1 306 ::1/128 On-link
15 266 fe80::/64 On-link
15 266 fe80::3925:86a5:7066:ab92/128
On-link
1 306 ff00 ::/8 On-link
15 266 ff00::/8 On-link
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
None
而tracert所展示的奇怪路由：
C:\>tracert -d www.bbc.co.uk Tracing route to www.bbc.net.uk [212.58.246.95] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 1 ms 1 ms <1 ms 192.168.254.254 2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 172.16.0.254 3 17 ms 18 ms 16 ms XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 4 18 ms 19 ms 19 ms XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 5 22 ms 22 ms 22 ms XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 6 22 ms 21 ms 22 ms XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 7 21 ms 21 ms 22 ms 217.41.169.109 8 30 ms 32 ms 57 ms 109.159.251.227 9 46 ms 39 ms 35 ms 109.159.251.137 10 27 ms 66 ms 30 ms 109.159.254.116 ^C
但是,从其他Windows 7工作站完成时：
C:\Users\administrator>ipconfig /allcompartments /all Windows IP Configuration ============================================================================== Network Information for Compartment 1 (ACTIVE) ============================================================================== Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : PABX-BACKUP Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : XXXXXX.local Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Broadcast IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : XXXXXX.local Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : XXXXXX.local Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 8C-89-A5-94-43-84 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::9479:1c11:6f9f:ae0b%11(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.77(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : 15 August 2012 08:27:18 Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : 27 August 2012 08:27:31 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.253 DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 244091301 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-16-C2-79-BE-8C-89-A5-94-43-84 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 Primary WINS Server . . . . . . . : 192.168.254.200 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Tunnel adapter isatap.XXXXXX.local: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : XXXXXX.local Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 9: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft 6to4 Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes C:\Users\administrator>
最后,从第二个工作站执行tracert会产生预期结果：
C:\Users\administrator>tracert -d www.bbc.co.uk Tracing route to www.bbc.net.uk [212.58.244.67] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.254.253 2 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 141.0.xxx.xxx 3 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms 141.0.xxx.xxx 4 7 ms 2 ms 2 ms 109.204.xxx.xxx 5 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms 95.177.0.7 6 3 ms 2 ms 2 ms 95.177.0.9 7 30 ms 2 ms 2 ms 95.177.0.2 8 2 ms 2 ms 2 ms 195.66.224.103 9 ^C
正如预期的那样,它通过.253路由,第二跳是Juniper NTU的内部接口.
我还没有检查过交通.特别是,我打算寻找ICMP重定向,虽然为什么会有ICMP重定向根本不明智？
.254曾经是光纤安装前的默认网关.
有任何想法吗？对我来说没有意义为什么应该有这个路由问题:(
Draytek双WAN路由器重新启动,PC重新启动. PC已禁用网络,然后重新启用. Windows失去情节时的所有标准内容.
希望有人认识到这些症状！
PS：很抱歉很长的帖子,但我不想留下一些可能相关的内容.
PPS：此工作站或任何其他工作站上没有涉及iSCSI,因此Windows 7 routing traffic through the gateway for local addresses不是问题.
当有问题的工作站获得一个新的,不同的IP地址时(我怀疑原始租约已过期),此问题已自行修复.
除了不同的IP地址,“ipconfig / allcompartments / all”输出是相同的,“route print”是相同的,我查看的其他所有内容都是相同的.
回想起来,我认为Windows 7发布和版本有问题.更新代码实际上似乎没有正确或完全重置TCP堆栈.我在其他场合指出,如果你在Windows网络上启动一个新的DHCP服务器,那么工作站似乎坚持原始的DHCP服务器并且不进行全面搜索,即首先找到网络上的DHCP服务器是.
如果我将来遇到类似的情况,我会首先尝试摆弄DHCP.
如果您正在努力解决相同的问题,可以检查租约时间,然后将日期/时间更改为未来,以便工作站到期？或者,您可以从服务器到期租约？
