- Name 必填
- Username 非必填,最小长度3,最大长度8
- Email 非必填,但必须是合法的email
- 验证未通过的表单不能提交
- 显示一个必填或者非法email格式的错误信息
- 如果正确提交就弹出一个祝贺信息
属性类
描述
- $valid ng-valid Boolean 告诉我们这一项当前基于你设定的规则是否验证通过
- $invalid ng-invalid Boolean 告诉我们这一项当前基于你设定的规则是否验证未通过
- $pristine ng-pristine Boolean 如果表单或者输入框没有使用则为True
- $dirty ng-dirty Boolean 如果表单或者输入框有使用到则为True
访问表单属性
- 方位表单: <form name>.<angular property>
- 访问一个输入框: <form name>.<input name>.<angular property>
@H_301_0@
<!-- index.html --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <!-- CSS ===================== --> <!-- load bootstrap --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.3/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <style> body { padding-top:30px; } </style> <!-- JS ===================== --> <!-- load angular --> <script src="http://code.angularjs.org/1.2.6/angular.js"></script> <script src="app.js"></script> </head> <!-- apply angular app and controller to our body --> <body ng-app="validationApp" ng-controller="mainController"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-2"> <!-- PAGE HEADER --> <div class="page-header"><h1>AngularJS Form Validation</h1></div> <!-- FORM --> <!-- pass in the variable if our form is valid or invalid --> <form name="userForm" ng-submit="submitForm(userForm.$valid)" novalidate> <!-- novalidate prevents HTML5 validation since we will be validating ourselves --> <!-- NAME --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Name</label> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" ng-model="name" required> </div> <!-- USERNAME --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Username</label> <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" ng-model="user.username" ng-minlength="3" ng-maxlength="8"> </div> <!-- EMAIL --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Email</label> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" ng-model="email"> </div> <!-- SUBMIT BUTTON --> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button> </form> </div><!-- col-sm-8 --> </div><!-- /container --> </body> </html>
- novalidate: 它将会组织默认的HTML5验证,因为这会由我们自己来做(我们自己的将会更棒)
- 我们在输入框上应用了ng-model,以便将来自表单的数据绑定到angular变量
- username上的ng-minlength 和 ng-maxlength会自己创建其规则
- name 输入框是必填的
- email 输入框有属性 type=”email”
验证规则 @H_301_0@Angular 有很多验证规则,像是 tong-min leng than dng-max length. @H_301_0@ Angular还可以自己配置规则. Angular输入指引上有说明 .
<input ng-model="{ string }" name="{ string }" required ng-required="{ boolean }" ng-minlength="{ number }" ng-maxlength="{ number }" ng-pattern="{ string }" ng-change="{ string }"> </input>
应用的 Codeapp.js
// app.js // create angular app var validationApp = angular.module('validationApp',[]); // create angular controller validationApp.controller('mainController',function($scope) { // function to submit the form after all validation has occurred $scope.submitForm = function(isValid) { // check to make sure the form is completely valid if (isValid) { alert('our form is amazing'); } }; });
使HTML5验证器的novalidate @H_301_0@我们将在我们的表单使用novalidate。这是一个很好的做法,因为我们将会自己处理验证。如果我们让我们的表单这样做,它看起来很丑陋。
@H_301_0@
<!-- index.html --> ... <!-- SUBMIT BUTTON --> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" ng-disabled="userForm.$invalid">Submit</button> ...
这意味着,我们的name input 字段是必需的,并且email input字段需要一个有效的电子邮件。 @H_301_0@用 eng-show显示错误信息 @H_301_0@ng-valid 和ng-invalid 会基于提供的表单规则自动验证输入的有效性. @H_301_0@咱们在输入部分加一些错误信息,只要不等于$valid或是已经使用过的就行 (不能展示还没使用).
<!-- index.html --> ... <!-- NAME --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Name</label> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" ng-model="name" required> <p ng-show="userForm.name.$invalid && !userForm.name.$pristine" class="help-block">You name is required.</p> </div> <!-- USERNAME --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Username</label> <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" ng-model="user.username" ng-minlength="3" ng-maxlength="8"> <p ng-show="userForm.username.$error.minlength" class="help-block">Username is too short.</p> <p ng-show="userForm.username.$error.maxlength" class="help-block">Username is too long.</p> </div> <!-- EMAIL --> <div class="form-group"> <label>Email</label> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" ng-model="email"> <p ng-show="userForm.email.$invalid && !userForm.email.$pristine" class="help-block">Enter a valid email.</p> </div> ...
@H_301_0@
.ng-valid { } .ng-invalid { } .ng-pristine { } .ng-dirty { } /* really specific css rules applied by angular */ .ng-invalid-required { } .ng-invalid-minlength { } .ng-valid-max-length { }
<!-- index.html --> ... <!-- NAME --> <div class="form-group" ng-class="{ 'has-error' : userForm.name.$invalid && !userForm.name.$pristine }"> <label>Name</label> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" ng-model="user.name" required> <p ng-show="userForm.name.$invalid && !userForm.name.$pristine" class="help-block">You name is required.</p> </div> <!-- USERNAME --> <div class="form-group" ng-class="{ 'has-error' : userForm.username.$invalid && !userForm.username.$pristine }"> <label>Username</label> <input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" ng-model="user.username" ng-minlength="3" ng-maxlength="8"> <p ng-show="userForm.username.$error.minlength" class="help-block">Username is too short.</p> <p ng-show="userForm.username.$error.maxlength" class="help-block">Username is too long.</p> </div> <!-- EMAIL --> <div class="form-group" ng-class="{ 'has-error' : userForm.email.$invalid && !userForm.email.$pristine }"> <label>Email</label> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" ng-model="user.email"> <p ng-show="userForm.email.$invalid && !userForm.email.$pristine" class="help-block">Enter a valid email.</p> </div> ...
@H_301_0@
- 你要去掉提交按钮上的ng-disabled,因为我们想要用户即使是在表单没有全部验证完的情况下也能点击提交.
- 你要在表单已经被提交之后添加一个变量. 在你的 submitForm() 函数中,只要加入 $scope.submitted = true 就行了;. 一旦表单被提交,它就会保存提交值为true的submitted变量.
- 将错误规则从ng-class="{ 'has-error' : userForm.name.$invalid && !userForm.name.$pristine }" 调整为 ng-class="{ 'has-error' : userForm.name.$invalid && !userForm.name.$pristine && submitted }". 这就确保了错误消息只会在表单被提交时被显示出来. 你也许会需要为这个变量调整所有其它的 ng-class 和 ng-show.
只有在输入框之外点击时才显示错误消息 @H_301_0@只有在输入框之外点击时才显示错误消息(也被叫做失去焦点 blur) 这一需求比在提交时验证要复杂一点. 在失去焦点时验证表单需要一个custom指令. 这是一个可以让你操作DOM的指令. @H_301_0@我们正在写一篇文章专门讨论此话题。同时,还有其他的一些资源讨论了创建custom指令来处理失去焦点的情况:
- http://coding-issues.blogspot.in/2013/10/angularjs-blur-directive.html
- http://blog.ejci.net/2013/08/06/dealing-with-focus-and-blur-in-angularjs-directives/
- http://plnkr.co/edit/Xfr7X6JXPhY9lFL3hnOw?p=preview
@H_301_0@