VB.NET反序列化XML

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序列化,是将对象状态转换为可保持或传输的格式的过程。

与序列化相反的是反序列化,它将流转换为对象。这两个过程结合起来,就可以存储和传输数据。这就是序列化的意义所在。


在VB.NET中转换、处理和生成XML文档时,需要用到一些XML专用名称空间中的类,这些名称空间包括

System.Xml 该名称空间提供了对各种XML标准(包括DTD、名称空间、DOM、XDR(XML Data Reduced,XML架构标准的旧版本)、XPath、XSLT和SOAP(以前表示Simple Object Access Protocol标准,现在什么也不表示))的核心支持

System.Xml.Serialization 该名称空间提供的对象使用序列化技术进行对象与XML文档或流之间的转换。

System.Xml.Schema 该名称空间提供一组用于加载、创建和输出架构的对象,这些对象可以在内存中操作组成XML架构的各种实体

System.Xml.Xpath 该名称空间为XPath(XML Path Language)提供语法分析程序和估算引擎。

System.Xml.Xsl 该名称空间提空了使用XSL(Extensible Stylesheet Language)和XSLT(XSL Transformation)时必须用到的对象。

System.Xml.Linq 该名称空间提供了使用LINQ查询XML的支持

今天我想讨论的是VB.NET反序列化XML。

以下是我想反序列化的XML的结构:

<card>
	<sCodeBorder y1='34' y2='120' x2='568' x1='360' />
	<border y1='0' y2='1008' x2='1650' x1='0' />
	<area>
		<question id='1' x1='70' y1='274' x2='180' y2='288' >
			<option id='A' x1='70' y1='274' x2='90' y2='288' />
		</question>
		<question id='2' x1='70' y1='298' x2='180' y2='312' >
			<option id='A' x1='70' y1='298' x2='90' y2='312' />
			<option id='B' x1='100' y1='298' x2='120' y2='312' />
		</question>
		<question id='3' x1='70' y1='322' x2='180' y2='336' >
			<option id='A' x1='70' y1='322' x2='90' y2='336' />
			<option id='B' x1='100' y1='322' x2='120' y2='336' />
			<option id='C' x1='130' y1='322' x2='150' y2='336' />
		</question>
	</area>
</card>

我们首先要做的是创建与XML相对应的对象,然后再把XML转换成我们想要的对象。

创建的类中需要引用System.Xml.Serialization 命名空间。这一命名空间包含用于将对象序列化为XML格式文档或流的类。

Public Class card
    <XmlElementAttribute("sCodeBorder")> Public sCodeBorder As sCodeBorder
    <XmlElementAttribute("border")> Public border As border
    <XmlElementAttribute("area")> Public area As area

    Public Sub New()
    End Sub

    Public Sub New(ByVal sCodeBorder As sCodeBorder,ByVal border As border,ByVal area As area )
        Me.sCodeBorder = sCodeBorder
        Me.border = border
        Me.area = area
    End Sub
End Class

Public Class sCodeBorder
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x1")> Public x1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x2")> Public x2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y1")> Public y1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y2")> Public y2 As Integer

    Public Sub New()
    End Sub
    Public Sub New(ByVal x1 As Integer,ByVal x2 As Integer,ByVal y1 As Integer,ByVal y2 As Integer)
        Me.x1 = x1
        Me.x2 = x2
        Me.y1 = y1
        Me.y2 = y2
    End Sub
End Class

Public Class border
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x1")> Public x1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x2")> Public x2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y1")> Public y1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y2")> Public y2 As Integer

    Public Sub New()
    End Sub
    Public Sub New(ByVal x1 As Integer,ByVal y2 As Integer)
        Me.x1 = x1
        Me.x2 = x2
        Me.y1 = y1
        Me.y2 = y2
    End Sub
End Class

Public Class area
    <XmlElementAttribute("question")> Public Ques_List() As question
    Public Sub New()
    End Sub

    Public Sub New(ByVal multiQ() As question)
        Me.Ques_List = multiQ
    End Sub
End Class


question类中维护了option类的对象集合。
Public Class question
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x1")> Public x1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x2")> Public x2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y1")> Public y1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y2")> Public y2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("id")> Public id As String
    <XmlElementAttribute("option")> Public multiOptions_List() As option_
    Public Sub New()
    End Sub

    Public Sub New(ByVal x1 As Integer,ByVal y2 As Integer,ByVal id As String,ByVal multiO() As option_)
        Me.x1 = x1
        Me.x2 = x2
        Me.y2 = y2
        Me.y1 = y1
        Me.id = id
        Me.multiOptions_List = multiO
    End Sub
End Class

Public Class option_
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x1")> Public x1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("x2")> Public x2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y1")> Public y1 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("y2")> Public y2 As Integer
    <XmlAttributeAttribute("id")> Public id As String

    Public Sub New()
    End Sub

    Public Sub New(ByVal x1 As Integer,ByVal id As String)
        Me.x1 = x1
        Me.x2 = x2
        Me.y2 = y2
        Me.y1 = y1
        Me.id = id
    End Sub
End Class

这样XML要反序列化的类就建立好了。虽然说有些复杂,但是有了这些类,我们就不用一个一个地处理XML的节点了~

具体到反序列化的代码,就很简单了。代码如下:

Dim cardXML As FileStream = New FileStream(xmlPath,FileMode.Open)
'card是类名,也是根节点
Dim serialize As XmlSerializer = New XmlSerializer(GetType(card))
Dim wholeCard As card = serialize.Deserialize(cardXML)
cardXML.Close()

上面代码的xml来源是磁盘上的文件

但有的时候,xml是以字符串的形式给出的。这时候我们该如何处理呢?

从反序列化的定义可知,反序列化是把流转为对象。

上面的代码是以文件流的形式来反序列化。如果是字符串的话,我们就需要把字符串存入内存流中,再把内存流反序列化。

Dim descBytes() As Byte = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(xmlString)
Dim serialize As XmlSerializer = New XmlSerializer(GetType(card))
Dim wholeCard As card = serialize.Deserialize(New MemoryStream(descBytes))

以上就是xml反序列化的过程。


参考文献:Visual.Basic.2010 & NET 4 高级编程

原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/vb/257295.html

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