ubuntu 换源

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网上应该可以找到很多关于ubuntu源的设置方法,但是如果不搞清楚就随便设置的话,不仅不能起到应有的效果,还会由于一些问题导致apt不可用。

最正确的更换源的方法应该如系统提示的:

## a.) add 'apt_preserve_sources_list: true' to /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
## or do the same in user-data
## b.) add sources in /etc/apt/sources.list.d
## c.) make changes to template file /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.tmpl

这种方法有点没弄明白在/etc/apt/sources.list.d应该添加的是什么内容,如果是源文件的话,最后更改的模板又是什么作用?也没有去尝试,有时间会解决一下。

以下提供设置阿里源的方法,其他源也可以如法炮制:

1. 首先查看自己的ubuntu系统的codename,这一步很重要,直接导致你更新的源是否对你的系统起效果,查看方法

lsb_release -a

如,我的系统显示

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS
Release: 14.04
Codename: trusty

显示了一些ubuntu的版本信息,需要得到的是Codename,比如,我这里是trusty

2. 确认阿里源支持

登陆以下网页:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/

该网页显示了阿里云支持的ubuntu系统下各个Codename版本,确保自己的Codename在该网页中存在(一般都会有的)

2. 备份系统源:

cd /etc/apt
sudo mvsources.listsources.list_bak

3. 添加新的源文件

sudo visources.list

添加以下内容:注意,每一行的trusty应该用第一步查看得到的Codename来代替

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe

4. 保存并且sudo apt-get update,更新成功

5. 以下提供配置脚本:

 1 Codename=$( (lsb_release -a)|awk '{print $2}'|tail -n 1 )
 2 echo "\
 3 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
 4 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
 5 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
 6 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
 7 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe
 8 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
 9 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
10 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
11 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
12 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe ">sources.list
13 apt-get update

sudo运行该脚本即可(注意运行之前最好备份之前的sources.list)

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