LXD作为一容器的hypervisor，它对LXC提供了更多的新的用户体验．在今天的教程中，我们来介绍如何利用LXD来在不同的Ubuntu Desktop版本下编译我们的snap应用．
１）安装LXD及命令行工具
我们可以参照链接来安装我们的LXD：
https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd/getting-started-cli/．为了方便，我们可以利用已经做好的Ubuntu Image:
liuxg@liuxg:~$ lxc launch ubuntu:yakkety Creating flying-snake Starting flying-snake
在这里，我们创建了一个叫做
flying-snake的容器．这个名字是自动生产的．它是基于Ubuntu 16.10的yakkety．
如果你想有一个自己的容器的名称，你也可以使用如下的命令来生产：
我们可以利用如下的命令来查看：
liuxg@liuxg:~$ lxc list +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+ | NAME | STATE | IPV4 | IPV6 | TYPE | SNAPSHOTS | +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+ | flying-snake | RUNNING | 10.0.1.143 (eth0) | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+ | immortal-feline | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+ | vivid-x86-armhf | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+ | xenial-desktop-amd64 | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+
２）创建一个用户
我们可以利用如下的命令来创建一个属于自己的用户：
liuxg@liuxg:~$ lxc exec flying-snake -- adduser liuxg Adding user `liuxg' ... Adding new group `liuxg' (1001) ... Adding new user `liuxg' (1001) with group `liuxg' ... Creating home directory `/home/liuxg' ... Copying files from `/etc/skel' ... Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully Changing the user information for liuxg Enter the new value,or press ENTER for the default Full Name []: liuxg Room Number []: Work Phone []: Home Phone []: Other []: Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
请注意这里的 flying-snake为我们刚才创建的container的名称．开发者必须根据自己的名称进行选择．我为这个container创建了一个叫做 liuxg的用户．为用户添加管理员权限：
liuxg@liuxg:~$ lxc exec flying-snake -- adduser liuxg sudo Adding user `liuxg' to group `sudo' ... Adding user liuxg to group sudo Done.
$ lxc exec flying-snake -- visudo通过上面的命令，启动编辑器，并在文件的最后，加入：
<username> ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
更新系统并安装所需要的工具：
$ lxc exec flying-snake -- apt update -qq $ lxc exec flying-snake -- apt upgrade -qq $ lxc exec flying-snake -- apt install -qq -y snapcraft build-essential
３）登陆并编译我们的应用
我们可以通过如下的命令来登陆：
liuxg@liuxg:~$ lxc exec flying-snake -- sudo -iu liuxg To run a command as administrator (user "root"),use "sudo <command>". See "man sudo_root" for details. liuxg@flying-snake:~$ liuxg@flying-snake:~$ ls -al total 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 liuxg liuxg 4096 Jan 4 02:52 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jan 4 02:52 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 liuxg liuxg 220 Jan 4 02:52 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 liuxg liuxg 3771 Jan 4 02:52 .bashrc -rw-r--r-- 1 liuxg liuxg 655 Jan 4 02:52 .profile liuxg@flying-snake:~$ mkdir apps liuxg@flying-snake:~$ cd apps/ liuxg@flying-snake:~/apps$ git clone https://github.com/liu-xiao-guo/alias Cloning into 'alias'... remote: Counting objects: 4,done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4),done. remote: Total 4 (delta 0),reused 4 (delta 0),pack-reused 0 Unpacking objects: 100% (4/4),done. Checking connectivity... done. liuxg@flying-snake:~/apps$ ls alias liuxg@flying-snake:~/apps$ cd alias/ liuxg@flying-snake:~/apps/alias$ ls hello.sh snapcraft.yaml liuxg@flying-snake:~/apps/alias$ snapcraft Preparing to pull aliases Pulling aliases Preparing to build aliases Building aliases Staging aliases Priming aliases Snapping 'my-alias' | Snapped my-alias_0.1_amd64.snap
我们可以看到我们已经在yakkety (16.10)的环境中把我们的应用打包为一个snap．
我们可以利用 lxc file pull命令来把我们的容器里的文件拷入到我们的host:
lxc file pull first/etc/hosts .
我们可以利用：
$ lxc stop flying-snake
liuxg@liuxg:~/tmp$ lxc stop flying-snake liuxg@liuxg:~/tmp$ lxc list +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+ | NAME | STATE | IPV4 | IPV6 | TYPE | SNAPSHOTS | +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+ | flying-snake | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+ | immortal-feline | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+ | vivid-x86-armhf | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+ | xenial-desktop-amd64 | STOPPED | | | PERSISTENT | 0 | +----------------------+---------+------+------+------------+-----------+
