原文:https://makeapppie.com/2014/09/18/swift-swift-implementing-picker-views/
效果:
步骤:
新建iOS single view application 名字为SwiftPickerViewPizzaDemo,打开main storyboard选中view controoler,右上角,attribute inspector中simulated metrics 的size 选择iphone 4.7-inch这样view controller更像是一个iphone..
然后拖动三个控件到界面上label,label,picker view
最后打开assistant editor,ctrl 拖动第二个label以及picker view控件到viewController.swift中,会自动生成如下代码
- class ViewController: UIViewController {
- //MARK -Outlets and Properties
- @IBOutlet weak var myLabel: UILabel!
- @IBOutlet weak var myPicker: UIPickerView!
- //MARK - Instance Methods
- //MARK - Life Cycle
- override func viewDidLoad() {
- super.viewDidLoad()
- }
- //MARK - Delgates and Data Source
- }
在ViewController中新增如下属性:
- let pickerData = [
- ["10\"","14\"","18\"","24\""],["Cheese","Pepperoni","Sausage","Veggie","BBQ Chicken"]
- ]
让ViewController实现两个接口.
- class ViewController: UIViewController,UIPickerViewDataSource,UIPickerViewDelegate {
在viewDidLoad中让ViewController自身成为picker view的delegate
- //MARK - Life Cycle
- override func viewDidLoad() {
- super.viewDidLoad()
- myPicker.delegate = self
- myPicker.dataSource = self
- }
下面实现接口中定义的方法 以解决如下错误:Type 'ViewController' does not conform to protocol 'UIPickerViewDataSource'
- // 一共有多少列,这里有两列,一列是size,一列是topping
- func numberOfComponentsInPickerView(pickerView: UIPickerView) -> Int {
- return pickerData.count
- }
- // 每列有多少条记录
- func pickerView(pickerView: UIPickerView,numberOfRowsInComponent component: Int) -> Int {
- return pickerData[component].count
- }
- // 每列中的每行显示什么内容
- func pickerView(pickerView: UIPickerView,titleForRow row: Int,forComponent component: Int) -> String? {
- return pickerData[component][row]
- }
- // 选中某行时的回调函数.
- func pickerView(pickerView: UIPickerView,didSelectRow row: Int,inComponent component: Int) {
- updateLabel()
- }
这里可以利用代码提示,比如实现最后一个方法只需要输入pickerViewdid再自动补全就写好了.
完整的代码如下:
- //
- // ViewController.swift
- // SwiftPickerViewPizzaDemo
- //
- // Created by cyper on 16/6/3.
- // Copyright © 2016年 Moaz Tech. All rights reserved.
- //
- import UIKit
- class ViewController: UIViewController,UIPickerViewDelegate {
- // 定义要显示的两栏数据. 第1栏为尺寸,第2栏为pizza表层的用料
- // 分别是奶酪,辣肉肠,香肠,蔬菜 和 烤鸡
- let pickerData = [["10\"","BBQ Chicken"]]
- enum PickerComponent: Int {
- case size = 0
- case topping = 1
- }
- //MARK -Outlets and Properties
- @IBOutlet weak var myLabel: UILabel!
- @IBOutlet weak var myPicker: UIPickerView!
- //MARK - Instance Methods
- func updateLabel(){
- let szComponent = PickerComponent.size.rawValue
- let tpComponent = PickerComponent.topping.rawValue
- let size = pickerData[szComponent][myPicker.selectedRowInComponent(szComponent)]
- let topping = pickerData[tpComponent][myPicker.selectedRowInComponent(tpComponent)]
- myLabel.text = "Pizza: \(size) \(topping)"
- }
- //MARK - Life Cycle
- override func viewDidLoad() {
- super.viewDidLoad()
- // Do any additional setup after loading the view,typically from a nib.
- myPicker.delegate = self
- myPicker.dataSource = self
- // 默认选中18寸的
- myPicker.selectRow(2,inComponent: PickerComponent.size.rawValue,animated: false)
- updateLabel()
- }
- //MARK - Delgates and Data Source
- // 一共有多少列,inComponent component: Int) {
- updateLabel()
- }
- }
美化应用.
1. 将原文中的背景图photo-sep-14-7-40-59-pm_small1.jpg另存到本地,然后拖动到项目根目录下(project navigator)
2. 这样在xcode右下角的media library中就能看到这张图片
3. 从media library把这张图片手动到view controller里边,图片会覆盖整个手机屏幕,从outline中将这个图片放到最上面(在outline中越靠近上面的条目用css的术语来说它的z-index值越小)
4. 选中picker view设置它的背景色(从颜色选择器中选择Crayon 模式,颜色选Snow透明度 50%)
5. 给两个label设置透明的背景,方法是先拖动一个新的空白view到最下面(如下),如法炮制设置它的背景为snow 50%,然后将最上面的两个label拖动到这个空白view里边,当你把一个view拖进另一个view的时候,这个view就会变成subview.
6. 将这个包含了两个label的view拖回到最上面..
作者一再强调,尽量使用table view而不要使用picker view,(使用picker view的场景是显示的内容相对固定,不超过3栏,每栏的内容不超过15条)
期间碰到了一个问题: 背景图片的高度不够,导致屏幕下面多出了一片空白,解决办法: 1. 选中View Controller,在file inspector中反选auto layout和 using size class (后来选中也不影响? 还要继续学习auto layout的用法) 2. 选中image,在attribute inspector中设置view mode为scale to fill