大部分代码的作者：

https://www.reddit.com/r/swift/comments/3q5owv/how_to_add_a_leaderboard_in_spritekit_and_swift_20/

GameViewController.swift：

import UIKit
import SpriteKit
import GameKit

class GameViewController: UIViewController {

    func authenticateLocalPlayer() {
        let localPlayer = GKLocalPlayer.localPlayer()
        localPlayer.authenticateHandler = {(viewController,error) -> Void in

            if (viewController != nil) {
                self.presentViewController(viewController!,completion: nil)
            }
            else {
                print((GKLocalPlayer.localPlayer().authenticated))
            }
        }
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        /////authentication//////
        authenticateLocalPlayer()

        //... The rest of the default code
    }

    //... The rest of the default code
}

GameScene.swift(或任何你想使用GC的场景)：

import SpriteKit
import GameKit
import UIKit

// Global scope (I generally put these in a new file called Global.swift)
var score = 0


//sends the highest score to leaderboard
func saveHighscore(gamescore: Int) {
    print ("You have a high score!")
    print("\n Attempting to authenticating with GC...")

    if GKLocalPlayer.localPlayer().authenticated {
        print("\n Success! Sending highscore of \(score) to leaderboard")

        //---------PUT YOUR ID HERE:
        //                          |
        //                          |
        //                          V
        let my_leaderboard_id = "YOUR_LEADERBOARD_ID"
        let scoreReporter = GKscore(leaderboardIdentifier: my_leaderboard_id)

        scoreReporter.value = Int64(gamescore)
        let scoreArray: [GKscore] = [scoreReporter]

        GKscore.reportscores(scoreArray,withCompletionHandler: {error -> Void in
            if error != nil {
                print("An error has occured:")
                print("\n \(error) \n")
            }
        })
    }
}

// Your scene:
class GameScene: SKScene,GKGameCenterControllerDelegate {

    // Local scope variables (for this scene):

    // Declare a new node,then initialize it
    let call_gc_node   = SKLabelNode(fontNamed:"Chalkduster")
    let add_score_node = SKLabelNode(fontNamed: "Helvetica")


    override func didMoveToView(view: SKView) {

        // Give our GameCenter node some stuff
        initGCNode: do {

            // Set the name of the node (we will reference this later)
            call_gc_node.name = "callGC"

            // Default inits
            call_gc_node.text = "Send your Highscore of \(score) into Game Center"
            call_gc_node.fontSize = 25
            call_gc_node.position = CGPoint(
                x:CGRectGetMidX(self.frame),y:CGRectGetMidY(self.frame))

            // Self here is the instance (object) of our class,GameScene
            // This adds it to our view
            self.addChild(call_gc_node)
        }

        // Give our Add label some stuff
        initADDLabel: do {

            // Set the name of the node (we will reference this later)
            add_score_node.name = "addGC"

            // Basic inits
            add_score_node.text = "ADD TO score!"
            add_score_node.fontSize = 25
            add_score_node.position = call_gc_node.position

            // Align our label some
            add_score_node.runAction(SKAction.moveByX(0,y: 50,duration: 0.01))

            // Add it to the view
            self.addChild(add_score_node)
        }

    }


    override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>,withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
        for touch in touches {

            // Get the position of our click
            let TPOINT = touch.locationInNode(self)

            // Get the name (string) of the node that was touched
            let
                node_that_was_touched: String?
                                                = nodeAtPoint(TPOINT).name


            // Prepare for switch statement,when we unwrap the optional,we don't want nil
            guard (node_that_was_touched != nil)
                else { print("-> before switch: found nil--not entering Switch");
                    return
            }


            // Find out which node we clicked based on node.name?,then do stuff:
            switch node_that_was_touched! {

                case "callGC":
                    // We clicked the GC label:

                    GameOver: do {

                        print("GAME OVER!")

                        // If we have a high-score,send it to leaderboard:
                        overrideHighestscore(score)

                        // Reset our score (for the next playthrough)
                        score = 0

                        // Show us our stuff!
                        showLeader()
                    }

                case "addGC":
                    // we clicked the Add label:

                    // Update our *current score*
                    score += 1


                default: print("no matches found")
            }

        }

    }


    override func update(currentTime: CFTimeInterval) {
        /* Called before each frame is rendered */
        call_gc_node.text = "Send your Highscore of \(score) into Game Center"

    }


    // Gamecenter
    func gameCenterViewControllerDidFinish(gameCenterViewController: GKGameCenterViewController) {
        gameCenterViewController.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true,completion: nil)
    }

    //shows leaderboard screen
    func showLeader() {
        let viewControllerVar = self.view?.window?.rootViewController
        let gKGCViewController = GKGameCenterViewController()
        gKGCViewController.gameCenterDelegate = self
        viewControllerVar?.presentViewController(gKGCViewController,completion: nil)
    }

    // Your "game over" function call
    func overrideHighestscore(gamescore: Int) {
        NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().integerForKey("highscore")
        if gamescore > NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().integerForKey("highscore")
        {
            NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().setInteger(gamescore,forKey: "highscore")
            NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults().synchronize()

            saveHighscore(gamescore)
        }
    }
}

要特别注意

29: let my_leaderboard_id = "YOUR_LEADERBOARD_ID"

我在那里放了一些愚蠢的ASCII艺术,以确保你不会错过它.您必须从GameCenter设置中输入您的实际排行榜ID.

您还必须添加GameCenter库,然后执行iTunes连接以在弹出窗口中实际查看您的高分.

我认为你最初的问题是没有理解SpriteKit甚至iOS视图如何工作的后端(这完全没问题,因为Apple让人很容易进入并且很容易).但是,如您所见,遵循指南/教程可能很困难,因为您的实施会有所不同.

以下是一些很好的信息：

SK中每个帧发生的情况图：

所以你看,SKScene是一个包含节点和动作等所有有趣内容的类,并且是一切(对你很重要)发生的地方.您可以通过编辑器生成这些场景,但是您可能需要创建一个新的.swift文件(因为每个场景都有自己的逻辑).

编辑器只是初始化一堆东西的“捷径”,老实说,你可以用很少的代码制作完整的游戏(但你很快发现你想要更多)

所以在这段代码中,你声明了GameScene或PauseScreen(它们基本上只是类声明,继承自SKScene),你很快就会发现这一行谈论ISNT场景：

override func didMoveToView(view: SKView)
.. it’s calling a SKView… what is that,and where did it come from?

(Read about SKView here,and look at its inheritance):

07002

我们在GameViewController文件中找到这个SKView声明(这只是一个类),注意它与普通的iOS应用程序大致相同,因为它继承了UIViewController：

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    if let scene = GameScene(fileNamed:"GameScene") {
        // Configure the view.
        let skView = self.view as! SKView
        skView.showsFPS = true
        skView.showsNodeCount = true

        /* Sprite Kit applies additional optimizations to improve               rendering performance */
        skView.ignoresSiblingOrder = true

        /* Set the scale mode to scale to fit the window */
        scene.scaleMode = .AspectFill

        skView.presentScene(scene)
    }

同样,该方法在GameViewController.swift中声明,基本上就是这样：
class GameViewController：UIViewController

那么所有这些与iOS应用和SpriteKit有什么关系呢？好吧,他们都被捣碎在彼此之上：

IOS app解剖：

基本上,从右到左,你有一个Window,它是(如果错误的话,我是错误的)AppDelegate,然后是ViewController,然后是你的View,里面有所有很酷的东西(Storyboards就在View里面,就像SKScenes位于View ….标签,节点或按钮内,都位于各自的类中((视图)))

这都是继承的三明治.

查看Apple网站了解更多信息.

https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/ContentViews.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006556-CH13-SW1

https://developer.apple.com/spritekit/

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/SpriteKit/Reference/SpriteKitFramework_Ref/

https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/MobileHIG/Anatomy.html

基本上,一切都是继承自类继承的类的类,依此类推……它可能会变得混乱.你也可以通过CMD点击它们在Xcode中看到这些遗产,这会将你跳转到源文件.

Goodluck与你在SpriteKit的学习和冒险:)