#include <sqlite3.h> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; void doTest() { sqlite3* conn = NULL; //1. 打开数据库 int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",&conn); if (result != sqlITE_OK) { sqlite3_close(conn); return; } const char* createTablesql = "CREATE TABLE TESTTABLE (int_col INT,float_col REAL,string_col TEXT)"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt = NULL; int len = strlen(createTablesql); //2. 准备创建数据表,如果创建失败,需要用sqlite3_finalize释放sqlite3_stmt对象,以防止内存泄露。 if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,createTablesql,len,&stmt,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt) sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值 //只有sqlITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回sqlITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回 //sqlITE_DONE。 if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。 sqlite3_finalize(stmt); printf("Succeed to create test table now.\n"); int insertCount = 10; //5. 构建插入数据的sqlite3_stmt对象。 const char* insertsql = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(%d,%f,'%s')"; const char* testString = "this is a test."; char sql[1024]; sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL; for (int i = 0; i < insertCount; ++i) { sprintf(sql,insertsql,i,i * 1.0,testString); if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,sql,strlen(sql),&stmt2,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt2) sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } printf("Insert Succeed.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); //6. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法 //创建该表,因为它已经存在。 const char* dropsql = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,dropsql,strlen(dropsql),&stmt3,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt3) sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) == sqlITE_DONE) { printf("The test table has been dropped.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); } int main() { doTest(); return 0; } //输出结果如下: //Succeed to create test table now. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //The test table has been dropped.
http://www.cnblogs.com/stephen-liu74/archive/2012/03/05/2340780.html
#include <sqlite3.h> #include <string> using namespace std; void doTest() { sqlite3* conn = NULL; //1. 打开数据库 int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt) sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值 //只有sqlITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回sqlITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回 //sqlITE_DONE。 if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。 sqlite3_finalize(stmt); printf("Succeed to create test table now.\n"); //5. 构造查询表数据的sqlite3_stmt对象。 const char* selectsql = "SELECT * FROM TESTTABLE WHERE 1 = 0"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,selectsql,strlen(selectsql),NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt2) sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //6. 根据select语句的对象,获取结果集中的字段数量。 int fieldCount = sqlite3_column_count(stmt2); printf("The column count is %d.\n",fieldCount); //7. 遍历结果集中每个字段Meta信息,并获取其声明时的类型。 for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; ++i) { //由于此时Table中并不存在数据,再有就是sqlite中的数据类型本身是动态的,所以在没有数据时 //无法通过sqlite3_column_type函数获取,此时sqlite3_column_type只会返回sqlITE_NULL, //直到有数据时才能返回具体的类型,因此这里使用了sqlite3_column_decltype函数来获取表声 //明时给出的声明类型。 string stype = sqlite3_column_decltype(stmt2,i); stype = strlwr((char*)stype.c_str()); //下面的解析规则见该系列的“数据类型-->1. 决定字段亲缘性的规则”部分,其链接如下: //http://www.cnblogs.com/stephen-liu74/archive/2012/01/18/2325258.html if (stype.find("int") != string::npos) { printf("The type of %dth column is INTEGER.\n",i); } else if (stype.find("char") != string::npos || stype.find("text") != string::npos) { printf("The type of %dth column is TEXT.\n",i); } else if (stype.find("real") != string::npos || stype.find("floa") != string::npos || stype.find("doub") != string::npos ) { printf("The type of %dth column is DOUBLE.\n",i); } } sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); //8. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法 //创建该表,因为它已经存在。 const char* dropsql = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt3) sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) == sqlITE_DONE) { printf("The test table has been dropped.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); } int main() { doTest(); return 0; } //输出结果为: //Succeed to create test table now. //The column count is 3. //The type of 0th column is INTEGER. //The type of 1th column is DOUBLE. //The type of 2th column is TEXT. //The test table has been dropped.
#include <sqlite3.h> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; void doTest() { sqlite3* conn = NULL; //1. 打开数据库 int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt) sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值 //只有sqlITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回sqlITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回 //sqlITE_DONE。 if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。 sqlite3_finalize(stmt); printf("Succeed to create test table now.\n"); //5. 显式的开启一个事物。 sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL; const char* beginsql = "BEGIN TRANSACTION"; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,beginsql,strlen(beginsql),NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt2) sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); //6. 构建基于绑定变量的插入数据。 const char* insertsql = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(?,?,?)"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,strlen(insertsql),NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt3) sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } int insertCount = 10; const char* strData = "This is a test."; //7. 基于已有的sql语句,迭代的绑定不同的变量数据 for (int i = 0; i < insertCount; ++i) { //在绑定时,最左面的变量索引值是1。 sqlite3_bind_int(stmt3,1,i); sqlite3_bind_double(stmt3,2,i * 1.0); sqlite3_bind_text(stmt3,3,strData,strlen(strData),sqlITE_TRANSIENT); if (sqlite3_step(stmt3) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //重新初始化该sqlite3_stmt对象绑定的变量。 sqlite3_reset(stmt3); printf("Insert Succeed.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); //8. 提交之前的事物。 const char* commitsql = "COMMIT"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt4 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,commitsql,strlen(commitsql),&stmt4,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt4) sqlite3_finalize(stmt4); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt4) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt4); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } sqlite3_finalize(stmt4); //9. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法 //创建该表,因为它已经存在。 const char* dropsql = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt5 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,&stmt5,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt5) sqlite3_finalize(stmt5); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt5) == sqlITE_DONE) { printf("The test table has been dropped.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt5); sqlite3_close(conn); } int main() { doTest(); return 0; } //输出结果如下: //Succeed to create test table now. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //Insert Succeed. //The test table has been dropped.
#include <sqlite3.h> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> using namespace std; void doTest() { sqlite3* conn = NULL; //1. 打开数据库 int result = sqlite3_open("D:/mytest.db",NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt) sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //3. 通过sqlite3_step命令执行创建表的语句。对于DDL和DML语句而言,sqlite3_step执行正确的返回值 //只有sqlITE_DONE,对于SELECT查询而言,如果有数据返回sqlITE_ROW,当到达结果集末尾时则返回 //sqlITE_DONE。 if (sqlite3_step(stmt) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } //4. 释放创建表语句对象的资源。 sqlite3_finalize(stmt); printf("Succeed to create test table now.\n"); //5. 为后面的查询操作插入测试数据。 sqlite3_stmt* stmt2 = NULL; const char* insertsql = "INSERT INTO TESTTABLE VALUES(20,21.0,'this is a test.')"; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt2) sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt2) != sqlITE_DONE) { sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } printf("Succeed to insert test data.\n"); sqlite3_finalize(stmt2); //6. 执行SELECT语句查询数据。 const char* selectsql = "SELECT * FROM TESTTABLE"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt3 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt3) sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } int fieldCount = sqlite3_column_count(stmt3); do { int r = sqlite3_step(stmt3); if (r == sqlITE_ROW) { for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; ++i) { //这里需要先判断当前记录当前字段的类型,再根据返回的类型使用不同的API函数 //获取实际的数据值。 int vtype = sqlite3_column_type(stmt3,i); if (vtype == sqlITE_INTEGER) { int v = sqlite3_column_int(stmt3,i); printf("The INTEGER value is %d.\n",v); } else if (vtype == sqlITE_FLOAT) { double v = sqlite3_column_double(stmt3,i); printf("The DOUBLE value is %f.\n",v); } else if (vtype == sqlITE_TEXT) { const char* v = (const char*)sqlite3_column_text(stmt3,i); printf("The TEXT value is %s.\n",v); } else if (vtype == sqlITE_NULL) { printf("This value is NULL.\n"); } } } else if (r == sqlITE_DONE) { printf("Select Finished.\n"); break; } else { printf("Failed to SELECT.\n"); sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } } while (true); sqlite3_finalize(stmt3); //7. 为了方便下一次测试运行,我们这里需要删除该函数创建的数据表,否则在下次运行时将无法 //创建该表,因为它已经存在。 const char* dropsql = "DROP TABLE TESTTABLE"; sqlite3_stmt* stmt4 = NULL; if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn,NULL) != sqlITE_OK) { if (stmt4) sqlite3_finalize(stmt4); sqlite3_close(conn); return; } if (sqlite3_step(stmt4) == sqlITE_DONE) { printf("The test table has been dropped.\n"); } sqlite3_finalize(stmt4); sqlite3_close(conn); } int main() { doTest(); return 0; } //输出结果如下: //Succeed to create test table now. //Succeed to insert test data. //The INTEGER value is 20. //The DOUBLE value is 21.000000. //The TEXT value is this is a test.. //Select Finished. //The test table has been dropped.
callback函数
sqlite3* db;
int rc;
char* zErr;
rc = sqlite3_open("test.db,&db);
if(rc) cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
char * data = "CallBack";
char * sql = "select * from test";
rc = sqlite3_exec( db,callback,data,&zErr );
if( rc != sqlITE_OK) cout<<"ERROR"<<endl;
sqlite3_close(db);
int callback(void* data,int ncols,char**values,char** headers)
{
for( int i=0; i<ncols; i++)
cout << headers[i] <<" --> "<< values[i] <<endl;
}
对sqlite3_exec执行结果中查询到的每条记录应用callback函数
每条记录的相应字段值存放于values数组,表头存放于headers数组,可以完成相应数据处理
char ** result;
int nrows,ncols;
char * zErr;
char * sql = "select * from test;";
int rc = sqlite3_get_table( db,&result,&nrows,&ncols,&zErr );
cout<<"行数: "<< nrows<<endl;
cout<<"列数: "<< ncols<<endl;
for( int i = 0; i <= nrows; i++ )
{
for( int j = 0; j < ncols; j++ )
cout<< result[i*ncols+j] <<"\t";
cout<<endl;
}
sqlite3_free_table(result);
sqlite3_get_table 将查询得到的结果全部存入result数组,并可得到行数和列数
注意,第一行是表头
预处理查询
int rc;
sqlite3 *db;
sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
char *sql = "select * from episodes;";
const char *tail;
rc = sqlite3_open("test.db",&db);
rc = sqlite3_prepare(db,(int)strlen(sql),&tail);
rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);
int ncols = sqlite3_column_count(stmt);
while(rc == sqlITE_ROW) //sqlite3_step() has another row ready #define sqlITE_ROW 100
{
for( int i=0; i < ncols; i++ )
cout <<sqlite3_column_text(stmt,i);
cout << endl ;
rc =sqlite3_step(stmt);
}
sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
sqlite3_close(db);
sqlite3_prepare()也能接受一个包括多个sql语句的字符串,但是只处理第一个sql
若想处理多个,可应用tail参数,如下
while( sqlite3_complete(sql) )
{
rc = sqlite3_prepare(db,&tail);
sql = tail;
...........
}
取字段信息
sqlite3_stmt * : statement handle
int iConl : 列号
const char *sqlite3_column_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取字段名称
const char *sqlite3_database_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取数据库名称
const char *sqlite3_table_name( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //获取表的名称
intsqlite3_column_type( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //sqlite本身的类型,或称存储类
返回值说明
1:sqlITE_INTEGER
2:sqlITE_FLOAT
3:sqlITE_TEXT
4:sqlITE_BLOB
5:sqlITE_NULL
const char *sqlite3_column_decltype( sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol ); //字段声明时的类型
如果结果集中的一列不是来自一个实际的字段(如来自于表达式、函数或聚合的结果),这个函数将返回NULL
sqlite3_column_xxx()函数取当前记录中每个字段的值
int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*,intiCol);
double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);
long long int sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);
const void*sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);
const unsigned char*sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int iCol);
原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/sqlite/201025.html