最后一节,来做一个关于sqlite的项目
先做出以下界面
第一个页面MainActivity对应的布局activity_main
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.example.xx.sqliteproject.MainActivity" android:orientation="vertical">
<Button android:id="@+id/btn_add" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="添加联系人"/>
<ListView android:id="@+id/lv_contacts" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>
第二个ContactFormActivity对应的布局activity_contact_form
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.example.xx.sqliteproject.ContactFormActivity" android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="请输入联系人信息"/>
<EditText android:id="@+id/et_username" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:inputType="text" android:hint="请输入联系人姓名"/>
<EditText android:id="@+id/et_age" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:inputType="number" android:hint="请输入联系人年龄"/>
<EditText android:id="@+id/et_phone" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:inputType="number" android:hint="请输入联系人电话"/>
<EditText android:id="@+id/et_email" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:inputType="text" android:hint="请输入联系人Email"/>
<Button android:id="@+id/btn_save" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="保存"/>
<Button android:id="@+id/btn_back" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="返回"/>
</LinearLayout>
我们可以用一个DBOpenHelper来帮助我们管理数据库,以免反复执行出错
public class DBOpenHelper extends sqliteOpenHelper{
//修改原来的构造方法
/* public DBOpenHelper(Context context,String name,sqliteDatabase.CursorFactory factory,int version) { super(context,name,factory,version); }*/
public DBOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context,"test.db",null,1);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(sqliteDatabase sqliteDatabase) {
//当创建数据库时,直接创建数据表
String sql = "CREATE TABLE users ("+
"_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,"+
"_name VARCHAR(10) UNIQUE NOT NULL,"+
"_age INTEGER,"+
"_phone CHAR(11),"+
"_email VARCHAR(31) UNIQUE"+
")";
sqliteDatabase.execsql(sql);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(sqliteDatabase sqliteDatabase,int oldVersion,int newVersion) {
//当升级时
}
}
DBOpenHelper的onCreate()方法确保创建数据库的时候执行,不创建的时候不反复执行
MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button btn_add;
private ListView lv_contacts;
sqliteOpenHelper s;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
DBOpenHelper dbOpenHelper = new DBOpenHelper(this);
//必须调用以下其中一个方法才能执行创建数据库
//dbOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
sqliteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
}
private void initView() {
btn_add = findViewById(R.id.btn_add);
lv_contacts = findViewById(R.id.lv_contacts);
btn_add.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(this,ContactFormActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
}
项目结构如下图
创建一个Person类
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name,int age,String phone,String email) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
}
创建接口IDao,实现相关功能
public interface IDao<T> {
long insert(T t);
}
创建PersonDao
public class PersonDao implements IDao<Person> {
private Context context;
public PersonDao(Context context) {
setContext(context);
}
private void setContext(Context context) {
if(context == null){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("参数context不能为空");
}
this.context = context;
}
@Override
public long insert(Person person) {
//获取sqliteDatabase对象
DBOpenHelper dbOpenHelper = new DBOpenHelper(context);
sqliteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
//执行业务,增加数据
String table = "users";
String nullColumnHack = "_id";
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("_name",person.getName());
values.put("_age",person.getAge());
values.put("_phone",person.getPhone());
values.put("_email",person.getEmail());
long id = db.insert(table,nullColumnHack,values);
//释放资源
db.close();
db = null;
//返回
return id;
}
}
ContractFormActivity
public class ContactFormActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private EditText etUsername;
private EditText etAge;
private EditText etPhone;
private EditText etEmail;
private Button btnSave;
private Button btnBack;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_contact_form);
initViews();
setListeners();
}
private void setListeners() {
btnSave.setOnClickListener(this);
btnBack.setOnClickListener(this);
}
private void initViews() {
etUsername = findViewById(R.id.et_username);
etAge = findViewById(R.id.et_age);
etPhone = findViewById(R.id.et_phone);
etEmail = findViewById(R.id.et_email);
btnSave = findViewById(R.id.btn_save);
btnBack = findViewById(R.id.btn_back);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btn_save:
//获取表单中的数据
String name = etUsername.getText().toString().trim();
String phone = etPhone.getText().toString().trim();
String email = etEmail.getText().toString().trim();
int age = Integer.parseInt(etAge.getText().toString());
Person person = new Person(name,age,phone,email);
PersonDao personDao = new PersonDao(this);
long id = personDao.insert(person);
if(id == -1){
Toast.makeText(this,"姓名或电子邮件可能冲突!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else {
Toast.makeText(this,"数据增加成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
etUsername.setText(null);
etPhone.setText(null);
etEmail.setText(null);
etAge.setText(null);
}
break;
case R.id.btn_back:
finish();
break;
}
}
}
运行程序
public interface IDao<T> {
long insert(T t);
List<T> query(String whereClause,String[] whereArgs,String orderBy);
}
PersonDao中完善query方法
@Override
public List<Person> query(String whereClause,String[] whereArgs,String orderBy) {
//声明返回值
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
//获取sqliteDatabase对象
DBOpenHelper dbOpenHelper = new DBOpenHelper(context);
sqliteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
//执行业务:查询数据
String table = "users";
String[] columns = {"_id","_name","_age","_phone","_email"};
Cursor c = db.query(table,columns,whereClause,whereArgs,null,orderBy);
//将数据封装到返回值中
for(c.moveToFirst();!c.isAfterLast();c.moveToNext()){
Person p = new Person();
p.setId(c.getInt(0));
p.setName(c.getString(1));
p.setAge(c.getInt(2));
p.setPhone(c.getString(3));
p.setEmail(c.getString(4));
persons.add(p);
}
//释放资源
db.close();
db = null;
//返回
return persons;
}
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name,String email) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
public Person(int id,String email) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
......
}
MainActivity中准备显示列表的Adaper,把之前写好的BaseAdapter拿过来用
BaseAdapter的源码在达内课程-音乐播放器3.0(上)中
新建PersonAdapter
public class PersonAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
public PersonAdapter(Context context,List data) {
super(context,data);
}
@Override
public View getView(int i,View view,ViewGroup viewGroup) {
//2.声明ViewHolder对象
ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
//3.判断view
if(view == null){
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
view = getInflater().inflate(R.layout.item_contact,null);
viewHolder.tvName = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
viewHolder.tvAge = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_age);
viewHolder.tvPhone = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_phone);
viewHolder.tvEmail = view.findViewById(R.id.tv_email);
view.setTag(viewHolder);
}else{
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
}
//4.根据参数position确定需要显示的数据
Person p = (Person) getData().get(i);
//5.向控件中填充数据
viewHolder.tvName.setText(p.getName());
viewHolder.tvAge.setText(p.getAge()+"");
viewHolder.tvPhone.setText(p.getPhone());
viewHolder.tvEmail.setText(p.getEmail());
return view;
}
//1.声明ViewHolder类
class ViewHolder{
TextView tvName;
TextView tvAge;
TextView tvPhone;
TextView tvEmail;
}
}
MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private Button btn_add;
private ListView lv_contacts;
private List<Person> persons;
private PersonAdapter adapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn_add = findViewById(R.id.btn_add);
lv_contacts = findViewById(R.id.lv_contacts);
btn_add.setOnClickListener(this);
//获取数据源
PersonDao personDao = new PersonDao(this);
persons = personDao.query(null,"_name ASC");
adapter = new PersonAdapter(this,persons);
lv_contacts.setAdapter(adapter);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(this,ContactFormActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
@Override
protected void onRestart() {
super.onRestart();
//获取新的数据,刷新列表
PersonDao personDao = new PersonDao(this);
persons.clear();
persons.addAll(personDao.query(null,"_name ASC"));
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}