Runnable task  = () -> doSomething();
ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());
// Schedule a task that will be executed in 120 sec
executor.schedule(task,120,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
// Schedule a task that will be first run in 120 sec and each 120sec
// If an exception occurs then it's task executions are canceled.
executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
// Schedule a task that will be first run in 120 sec and each 120sec after the last execution
// If an exception occurs then it's task executions are canceled.
executor.scheduleWithFixedDelay(task,TimeUnit.SECONDS);

春天你可以依靠Task and Scheduling API

public class MyBean {
    private final TaskScheduler executor;
    @Autowired
    public MyBean(TaskScheduler taskExecutor) {
        this.executor = taskExecutor;
    }
    public void scheduling(final Runnable task) {
        // Schedule a task to run once at the given date (here in 1minute)
        executor.schedule(task,Date.from(LocalDateTime.now().plusMinutes(1)
            .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant()));
        // Schedule a task that will run as soon as possible and every 1000ms
        executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task,1000);
        // Schedule a task that will first run at the given date and every 1000ms
        executor.scheduleAtFixedRate(task,Date.from(LocalDateTime.now().plusMinutes(1)
            .atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant()),1000);
        // Schedule a task that will run as soon as possible and every 1000ms after the prevIoUs completion
        executor.scheduleWithFixedDelay(task,1000);
        // Schedule a task with the given cron expression
        executor.schedule(task,new CronTrigger("*/5 * * * * MON-FRI"));
    }
}

您可以通过实施Trigger来提供自己的触发器

不要忘记在配置类上使用@EnableScheduling启用调度.

关于收听目录内容,您可以使用WatchService.类似于：

final Path myDir = Paths.get("my/directory/i/want/to/monitor");
final WatchService watchService = FileSystems.getDefault().newWatchService();
// listen to create event in the directory
myDir.register(watchService,StandardWatchEventKinds.ENTRY_CREATE);
// Infinite loop don't forget to run this in a Thread
for(;;) {
   final WatchKey key = watchService.take();
   for (WatchEvent