题目链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/add-and-search-word-data-structure-design/
题目描述:
设计一个支持以下两种操作的数据结构:
void addWord(word) bool search(word)
search(word) 可以搜索文字或正则表达式字符串,字符串只包含字母 . 或 a-z 。 . 可以表示任何一个字母。
示例:
addWord("bad") addWord("dad") addWord("mad") search("pad") -> false search("bad") -> true search(".ad") -> true search("b..") -> true
说明:
你可以假设所有单词都是由小写字母 a-z
组成的。
思路:
这道题就是使用 前缀树(字典树)
先把前缀树的数据结构练习一下208. 实现 Trie (前缀树) | 题解链接
相关题型:
代码:
class WordDictionary: def __init__(self): """ Initialize your data structure here. """ from collections import defaultdict self.lookup = {} def addWord(self,word: str) -> None: """ Adds a word into the data structure. """ tree = self.lookup for a in word: tree = tree.setdefault(a,{}) tree["#"] = {} def search(self,word: str) -> bool: """ Returns if the word is in the data structure. A word could contain the dot character '.' to represent any one letter. """ def helper(word,tree): if not word: if "#" in tree: return True return False if word[0] == ".": for t in tree: if helper(word[1:],tree[t]): return True elif word[0] in tree: if helper(word[1:],tree[word[0]]): return True return False return helper(word,self.lookup)