regular-expressions.info说到这个特殊的语法：

Modern regex flavors allow you to apply modifiers to only part of the regular expression. If you insert the modifier (?ism) in the middle of the regex,the modifier only applies to the part of the regex to the right of the modifier. You can turn off modes by preceding them with a minus sign. All modes after the minus sign will be turned off. E.g. (?i-sm) turns on case insensitivity,and turns off both single-line mode and multi-line mode.

Not all regex flavors support this. JavaScript and Python apply all mode modifiers to the entire regular expression. They don’t support the (?-ismx) Syntax,since turning off an option is pointless when mode modifiers apply to the whole regular expressions. All options are off by default.

You can quickly test how the regex flavor you’re using handles mode modifiers. The regex (?i)te(?-i)st should match test and TEst,but not teST or TEST.

？我意味着这些字符之后的所有内容都应该与大小写不匹配.

另请注意,正如文中所述,并不是所有的正则表达式都支持这种语法.