看来我迷失在可能愚蠢的东西中.
我有一个n维numpy数组,我想将它与一个维度(可以改变！)的向量(1d数组)相乘.
举个例子,假设我想将第二个数组乘以第一个数组的0轴的1d数组,我可以这样做：
我有一个n维numpy数组,我想将它与一个维度(可以改变！)的向量(1d数组)相乘.
举个例子,假设我想将第二个数组乘以第一个数组的0轴的1d数组,我可以这样做：
a=np.arange(20).reshape((5,4)) b=np.ones(5) c=a*b[:,np.newaxis]
很简单,但我想将这个想法扩展到n维(对于a,而b总是1d)和任何轴.换句话说,我想知道如何在正确的位置生成np.newaxis的切片.假设a是3d并且我想沿轴= 1乘以,我想生成正确给出的切片：
c=a*b[np.newaxis,:,np.newaxis]
即给定a(比如3)的维数,以及我想要乘以的轴(比如轴= 1),我如何生成并传递切片：
np.newaxis,np.newaxis
谢谢.
解决方法
解决方案代码
import numpy as np # Given axis along which elementwise multiplication with broadcasting # is to be performed given_axis = 1 # Create an array which would be used to reshape 1D array,b to have # singleton dimensions except for the given axis where we would put -1 # signifying to use the entire length of elements along that axis dim_array = np.ones((1,a.ndim),int).ravel() dim_array[given_axis] = -1 # Reshape b with dim_array and perform elementwise multiplication with # broadcasting along the singleton dimensions for the final output b_reshaped = b.reshape(dim_array) mult_out = a*b_reshaped
示例运行步骤的演示 –
In [149]: import numpy as np In [150]: a = np.random.randint(0,9,(4,2,3)) In [151]: b = np.random.randint(0,(2,1)).ravel() In [152]: whos Variable Type Data/Info ------------------------------- a ndarray 4x2x3: 24 elems,type `int32`,96 bytes b ndarray 2: 2 elems,8 bytes In [153]: given_axis = 1
现在,我们想沿给定的轴= 1执行元素乘法.让我们创建dim_array：
In [154]: dim_array = np.ones((1,int).ravel()
...: dim_array[given_axis] = -1
...:
In [155]: dim_array
Out[155]: array([ 1,-1,1])
最后,重塑b&执行元素乘法：
In [156]: b_reshaped = b.reshape(dim_array)
...: mult_out = a*b_reshaped
...:
再次查看whos信息并特别注意b_reshaped& mult_out：
In [157]: whos Variable Type Data/Info --------------------------------- a ndarray 4x2x3: 24 elems,96 bytes b ndarray 2: 2 elems,8 bytes b_reshaped ndarray 1x2x1: 2 elems,8 bytes dim_array ndarray 3: 3 elems,12 bytes given_axis int 1 mult_out ndarray 4x2x3: 24 elems,96 bytes