我想绘制两个共享相同y轴的水平条形图.例如,以下问题显示了如何在R中实现此目的：
Two horizontal bar charts with shared axis in ggplot2 (similar to population pyramid)@H_301_3@
如何用Python创建类似的情节？@H_301_3@
上面问题的情节如下：@H_301_3@
以下是上图中使用的状态列表(y轴)：@H_301_3@
["AK","TX","CA","MT","NM","AZ","NV","CO","OR","WY","MI","MN","UT","ID","KS","NE","SD","WA","ND","OK"]
[20,30,40,10,15,35,18,25,22,7,12,3,4,5,8,14,28,24,32]
解决方法
一般来说,如果您显示的两个变量位于不同的单位或具有不同的范围,那么您将需要使用两个具有共享y轴的子图.这类似于@regdoug的答案,但最好明确地共享y轴以确保数据保持对齐(例如,尝试使用此示例进行缩放/平移).
例如：@H_301_3@
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt y = range(20) x1 = range(20) x2 = range(0,200,10) fig,axes = plt.subplots(ncols=2,sharey=True) axes[0].barh(y,x1,align='center',color='gray') axes[1].barh(y,x2,color='gray') axes[0].invert_xaxis() plt.show()
如果你想更精确地重现你链接到的问题中显示的例子(我将离开灰色背景和白色网格,但如果你喜欢它们,那么很容易添加)：@H_301_3@
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Data
states = ["AK","OK"]
staff = np.array([20,32])
sales = staff * (20 + 10 * np.random.random(staff.size))
# Sort by number of sales staff
idx = staff.argsort()
states,staff,sales = [np.take(x,idx) for x in [states,sales]]
y = np.arange(sales.size)
fig,color='gray',zorder=10)
axes[0].set(title='Number of sales staff')
axes[1].barh(y,sales,zorder=10)
axes[1].set(title='Sales (x $1000)')
axes[0].invert_xaxis()
axes[0].set(yticks=y,yticklabels=states)
axes[0].yaxis.tick_right()
for ax in axes.flat:
ax.margins(0.03)
ax.grid(True)
fig.tight_layout()
fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.09)
plt.show()
一个警告.我没有真正正确对齐y-tick-labels.有可能做到这一点,但它比你想象的更痛苦.因此,如果你真的想要y-tick-labels总是完美地居中于图的中间,那么最简单的方法是以不同的方式绘制它们.而不是axis [0] .set(yticks = y,yticklabels = states),你会做类似的事情：@H_301_3@
axes[0].set(yticks=y,yticklabels=[])
for yloc,state in zip(y,states):
axes[0].annotate(state,(0.5,yloc),xycoords=('figure fraction','data'),ha='center',va='center')