memo:PostgreSQL常用数学运算符和函数

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Table 9-2. Mathematical Operators

Operator Description Example Result
+ addition 2 + 3 5
- subtraction 2 - 3 -1
* multiplication 2 * 3 6
/ division (integer division truncates the result) 4 / 2 2
% modulo (remainder) 5 % 4 1
^ exponentiation 2.0 ^ 3.0 8
|/ square root |/ 25.0 5
||/ cube root ||/ 27.0 3
! factorial 5 ! 120
!! factorial (prefix operator) !! 5 120
@ absolute value @ -5.0 5
& bitwise AND 91 & 15 11
| bitwise OR 32 | 3 35
# bitwise XOR 17 # 5 20
~ bitwise NOT ~1 -2
<< bitwise shift left 1 << 4 16
>> bitwise shift right 8 >> 2 2


Table 9-3. Mathematical Functions

Function Return Type Description Example Result
abs(x) (same as input) absolute value abs(-17.4) 17.4
cbrt(dp) dp cube root cbrt(27.0) 3
ceil(dp or numeric) (same as input) smallest integer not less than argument ceil(-42.8) -42
ceiling(dp or numeric) (same as input) smallest integer not less than argument (alias for ceil) ceiling(-95.3) -95
degrees(dp) dp radians to degrees degrees(0.5) 28.6478897565412
div(y numeric,x numeric) numeric integer quotient of y/x div(9,4) 2
exp(dp or numeric) (same as input) exponential exp(1.0) 2.71828182845905
floor(dp or numeric) (same as input) largest integer not greater than argument floor(-42.8) -43
ln(dp or numeric) (same as input) natural logarithm ln(2.0) 0.693147180559945
log(dp or numeric) (same as input) base 10 logarithm log(100.0) 2
log(b numeric,x numeric) numeric logarithm to base b log(2.0,64.0) 6.0000000000
mod(y, x) (same as argument types) remainder of y/x mod(9,4) 1
pi() dp "π" constant pi() 3.14159265358979
power(a dp,b dp) dp a raised to the power of b power(9.0,3.0) 729
power(a numeric,b numeric) numeric a raised to the power of b power(9.0,3.0) 729
radians(dp) dp degrees to radians radians(45.0) 0.785398163397448
random() dp random value in the range 0.0 <= x < 1.0 random()
round(dp or numeric) (same as input) round to nearest integer round(42.4) 42
round(v numeric,s int) numeric round to s decimal places round(42.4382,2) 42.44
setseed(dp) void set seed for subsequent random() calls (value between -1.0 and 1.0,inclusive) setseed(0.54823)
sign(dp or numeric) (same as input) sign of the argument (-1,+1) sign(-8.4) -1
sqrt(dp or numeric) (same as input) square root sqrt(2.0) 1.4142135623731
trunc(dp or numeric) (same as input) truncate toward zero trunc(42.8) 42
trunc(v numeric,s int) numeric truncate to s decimal places trunc(42.4382,2) 42.43
width_bucket(op numeric,b1 numeric,b2 numeric, count int) int return the bucket to which operand would be assigned in an equidepth histogram with count buckets,in the range b1 to b2 width_bucket(5.35,0.024,10.06,5) 3
width_bucket(op dp,b1 dp,b2 dp,count int) int return the bucket to which operand would be assigned in an equidepth histogram with count buckets,5) 3


Table 9-4. Trigonometric Functions

Function Description
acos(x) inverse cosine
asin(x) inverse sine
atan(x) inverse tangent
atan2(y,x) inverse tangent of y/x
cos(x) cosine
cot(x) cotangent
sin(x) sine
tan(x) tangent
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