本文通过一个书单应用简要介绍使用Phoenix框架创建一个Web应用程序的基本步骤.
安装Phoenix
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git clone http
s://github.
com/phoenixframework/phoenix.git
cd phoenix
git checkout v0.
5.0
mix
do deps.
get,compile
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创建书单项目
在phoenix源代码目录中运行如下命令创建一个phoenix项目目录结构
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mix phoenix.
new book_store ../book_store
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目录../book_store不必事先存在,phoenix会自动创建.
编辑mix.exs文件,修改后如下:
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defmodule BookStore.Mixfile
do
use
Mix.Project
def project
do
[
app:
:book_store,
version:
"0.0.1",
elixir:
"~> 1.0",
elixirc_paths: [
"lib","web"],
compilers: [
:phoenix] ++
Mix.compilers,
deps: deps]
end
# Configuration for the OTP application
#
# Type `mix help compile.app` for more information
def application
do
[
mod: {
BookStore, []},
applications: [
:phoenix,:cowboy,:logger,:postgrex,:ecto]]
end
# Specifies your project dependencies
#
# Type `mix help deps` for examples and options
defp deps
do
[{
:phoenix,"0.5.0"},
{
:cowboy,"~> 1.0"},
{
:postgrex,"~> 0.5"},
{
:ecto,"~> 0.2.0"}]
end
end
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和修改之前的mix.exs文件相比有两个变更处:
- 在application函数中增加了两个依赖的应用程序:postgres和:ecto(16行)
- 在deps函数增加两个依赖库{:postgrex,"~> 0.5"}和{:ecto,"~> 0.2.0"}(24,25行)
运行
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mix
do deps.
get,compile
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创建一个仓库(Repo)
创建文件web/models/repo.ex,内容如下:
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defmodule BookStore.Repo
do
use
Ecto.Repo,
adapter:
Ecto.Adapters.Postgres
def conf
do
parse_url
"ecto://postgres:postgres@localhost/book_store"
end
def priv
do
app_dir(
:book_store,"priv/repo")
end
end
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创建数据库:
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createdb book_store -U postgres --encoding='utf-
8' --locale=en_US.
UTF-
8 --
template=template0
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修改lib/book_store.ex为,如下:
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defmodule BookStore
do
use
Application
# See http://elixir-lang.org/docs/stable/elixir/Application.html
# for more information on OTP Applications
def start(_type, _args)
do
import
Supervisor.Spec,
warn:
false
children = [
# Define workers and child supervisors to be supervised
worker(
BookStore.Repo, [])
]
opts = [
strategy:
:one_for_one,name:
BookStore.Supervisor]
Supervisor.start_link(children,opts)
end
end
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编译
创建模型
创建文件web/models/books.ex,内容如下:
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defmodule BookStore.Books
do
use
Ecto.Model
schema
"books"
do
field
:title,:string
field
:description,:string
field
:author,:string
field
:publisher,:string
end
end
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$ mix ecto.gen.migration Bookstore.Repo create_book
Compiled web
/models/books.ex
Generated bookstore.app
* creating priv
/repo/migrations
* creating priv
/repo/migrations
/20141112170140_create_book.exs
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编辑生成的priv/repo/migrations/20141112170140_create_book.exs脚本,内容如下:
defmodule BookStore.Repo.Migrations.CreateBook do use Ecto.Migration def up do ["CREATE TABLE books(\ id serial primary key,\ title varchar(125),\ description text,\ author varchar(255),\ publisher varchar(255))",\ "INSERT INTO books(title,description,author,publisher) \ VALUES ( \ 'Programming Elixir',\ 'Programming Elixir: Functional |> Concurrent |> Pragmatic |> Fun',\ 'Dave Thomas',\ 'The Pragmatic Bookshelf')" ] end def down do "DROP TABLE books" end end
运行移植脚本
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mix ecto.migrate BookStore.Repo
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创建文件web/models/queries.ex,内容如下:
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defmodule BookStore.Queries
do
import Ecto.
Query
def books_query
do
query =
from book
in BookStore.Books,
select: book
BookStore.Repo.
all(
query)
end
end
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配置路由
打开文件web/router.ex,修改为如下:
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defmodule BookStore.Router
do
use Phoenix.Router
scope
"/"
do
#
Use the
default browser stack.
pipe_through :browser
#
get
"/",BookStore.PageController,:
index,as: :pages
get
"/",BookStore.BookController,as: :books
end
# Other scopes may
use custom stacks.
# scope
"/api"
do
# pipe_through :api
#
end
end
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创建控制器
创建文件web/controllers/book_controller.ex,内容如下:
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defmodule BookStore.BookController
do
use
Phoenix.Controller
plug
:action
def index(conn,_params)
do
books =
BookStore.Queries.books_query
render conn,"index",books: books
end
end
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创建书单视图
创建文件web/views/book_view.ex,内容如下:
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defmodule BookStore.BookView
do
use
BookStore.Views
end
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创建目录
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mkdir web/templates/book
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并添加文件web/templates/book/index.html.eex,内容如下:
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<h1>我的图书
</h1>
<table class='table table-bodered table-striped'>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>#
</th>
<th>描述
</th>
<th>作者
</th>
<th>出版社
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<%= for book <- @books do %>
<tr>
<td>
<%= book.id %>
</td>
<td>
<%= book.title %>
</td>
<td>
<%= book.description %>
</td>
<td>
<%= book.author %>
</td>
<td>
<%= book.publisher %>
</td>
</tr>
<% end %>
</tbody>
</table>
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启动应用,并刷新页面
我的书单应用
完成!
参考资料
- Book Listing App With Elixir,Phoenix,Postgres and Ecto
http://learnelixir.com/blog/2014/10/05/build-web-app-with-elixir/
