建 /usr/postgresql目录
tar -xzvf postgresql-9.6.5-1-linux-x64-binaries.tar.gz
-------------------------------------------------------------
(1)新增postgres用户组：
groupadd postgres
(2)新增postgres用户并且设置这个用户属于上面创建的postgres用户组：
useradd -g postgres postgres
(3)修改postgres用户密码:passwd postgres（这里设置密码为postgres）
passwd postgres --修改postgres用户密码
--------------------------------------------------------
授权
chown -R postgres:postgres /us r/postgresql/
--------------------------------------------------------
初始化
切换用户 su postgres
切到解压的目录
初始化命令
bin/initdb -E utf8 -D /usr/postgresql/psql/data
-------------------------------------------------------
[root@hserver1 pgsql]# su postgres
[postgres@hserver1 pgsql]$ bin/initdb -E utf8 -D /usr/postgresql/psql/data
The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.
The database cluster will be initialized with locale "zh_CN.UTF-8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "zh_CN.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".
Data page checksums are disabled.
creating directory /usr/postgresql/psql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok
WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A,or
--auth-local and --auth-host,the next time you run initdb.
Success. You can now start the database server using:
bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/postgresql/psql/data -l logfile start
------------------------------------------------------------------------
OK 看到这个表示已经初始化成功了。
启动postgresql
启动注意必须使用postgres用户启动
./postgres -D /usr/postgresql/pgsql/data/ > /usr/postgresql/pgsql/data/log/postgres.log &
pg_ctl -D /usr/postgresql/psql/data -l logfile start
[postgres@hserver1 bin]$ ./pg_ctl -D /usr/postgresql/psql/data -l logfile start
server starting
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
登录数据库
[postgres@hserver1 bin]$ ./psql
psql.bin (9.6.5)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# help
You are using psql,the command-line interface to Postgresql.
Type: \copyright for distribution terms
\h for help with sql commands
\? for help with psql commands
\g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
\q to quit
postgres=# \h
Available help:
ABORT DEALLOCATE
ALTER AGGREGATE DECLARE
ALTER COLLATION DELETE
ALTER CONVERSION DISCARD
ALTER DATABASE DO
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES DROP ACCESS METHOD
ALTER DOMAIN DROP AGGREGATE
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER DROP CAST
ALTER EXTENSION DROP COLLATION
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER DROP CONVERSION
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE DROP DATABASE
ALTER FUNCTION DROP DOMAIN
ALTER GROUP DROP EVENT TRIGGER
ALTER INDEX DROP EXTENSION
ALTER LANGUAGE DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
ALTER LARGE OBJECT DROP FOREIGN TABLE
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW DROP FUNCTION
ALTER OPERATOR DROP GROUP
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS DROP INDEX
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY DROP LANGUAGE
ALTER POLICY DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER ROLE DROP OPERATOR
ALTER RULE DROP OPERATOR CLASS
ALTER SCHEMA DROP OPERATOR FAMILY
ALTER SEQUENCE DROP OWNED
ALTER SERVER DROP POLICY
ALTER SYSTEM DROP ROLE
ALTER TABLE DROP RULE
ALTER TABLESPACE DROP SCHEMA
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION DROP SEQUENCE
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY DROP SERVER
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER DROP TABLE
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE DROP TABLESPACE
ALTER TRIGGER DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
ALTER TYPE DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
ALTER USER DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER
ALTER USER MAPPING DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
ALTER VIEW DROP TRANSFORM
ANALYZE DROP TRIGGER
BEGIN DROP TYPE
CHECKPOINT DROP USER
CLOSE DROP USER MAPPING
CLUSTER DROP VIEW
COMMENT END
COMMIT EXECUTE
COMMIT PREPARED EXPLAIN
COPY FETCH
CREATE ACCESS METHOD GRANT
CREATE AGGREGATE IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA
CREATE CAST INSERT
CREATE COLLATION LISTEN
CREATE CONVERSION LOAD
CREATE DATABASE LOCK
CREATE DOMAIN MOVE
CREATE EVENT TRIGGER NOTIFY
CREATE EXTENSION PREPARE
CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER PREPARE TRANSACTION
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE REASSIGN OWNED
CREATE FUNCTION REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
CREATE GROUP REINDEX
CREATE INDEX RELEASE SAVEPOINT
CREATE LANGUAGE RESET
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW REVOKE
CREATE OPERATOR ROLLBACK
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS ROLLBACK PREPARED
CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
CREATE POLICY SAVEPOINT
CREATE ROLE SECURITY LABEL
CREATE RULE SELECT
CREATE SCHEMA SELECT INTO
CREATE SEQUENCE SET
CREATE SERVER SET CONSTRAINTS
CREATE TABLE SET ROLE
CREATE TABLE AS SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
CREATE TABLESPACE SET TRANSACTION
CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION SHOW
CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY START TRANSACTION
CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER TABLE
CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE TRUNCATE
CREATE TRANSFORM UNLISTEN
CREATE TRIGGER UPDATE
CREATE TYPE VACUUM
CREATE USER VALUES
CREATE USER MAPPING WITH
CREATE VIEW
postgres=# \?
General
\copyright show Postgresql usage and distribution terms
\errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity
\g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)
\gexec execute query,then execute each value in its result
\gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables
\q quit psql
\crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab
\watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds
Help
\? [commands] show help on backslash commands
\? options show help on psql command-line options
\? variables show help on special variables
\h [NAME] help on Syntax of sql commands,* for all commands
Query Buffer
\e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor
\ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor
\ev [VIEWNAME [LINE]] edit view definition with external editor
\p show the contents of the query buffer
\r reset (clear) the query buffer
\s [FILE] display history or save it to file
\w FILE write query buffer to file
Input/Output
\copy ... perform sql COPY with data stream to the client host
\echo [STRING] write string to standard output
\i FILE execute commands from file
\ir FILE as \i,but relative to location of current script
\o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe
\qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see \o)
Informational
(options: S = show system objects,+ = additional detail)
\d[S+] list tables,views,and sequences
\d[S+] NAME describe table,view,sequence,or index
\da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates
\dA[+] [PATTERN] list access methods
\db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces
\dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions
\dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts
\dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere
\ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges
\dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains
\det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
\des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers
\deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings
\dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers
\df[antw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/trigger/window] functions
\dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations
\dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries
\dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers
\dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates
\dg[S+] [PATTERN] list roles
\di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes
\dl list large objects,same as \lo_list
\dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages
\dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views
\dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas
\do[S] [PATTERN] list operators
\dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations
\dp [PATTERN] list table,and sequence access privileges
\drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings
\ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences
\dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables
\dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types
\du[S+] [PATTERN] list roles
\dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views
\dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables
\dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions
\dy [PATTERN] list event triggers
\l[+] [PATTERN] list databases
\sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition
\sv[+] VIEWNAME show a view's definition
\z [PATTERN] same as \dp
Formatting
\a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode
\C [STRING] set table title,or unset if none
\f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output
\H toggle HTML output mode (currently off)
\pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table output option
(NAME := {format|border|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero|footer|null|
numericlocale|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tuples_only|title|tableattr|pa
ger|
unicode_border_linestyle|unicode_column_linestyle|unicode_header_line
style})
\t [on|off] show only rows (currently off)
\T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes,or unset if none
\x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off)
Connection
\c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo}
connect to new database (currently "postgres")
\encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding
\password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user
\conninfo display information about current connection
Operating System
\cd [DIR] change the current working directory
\setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable
\timing [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off)
\! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell
Variables
\prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable
\set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable,or list all if no parameters
\unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable
Large Objects
\lo_export LOBOID FILE
\lo_import FILE [COMMENT]
\lo_list
\lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations
postgres=#
------------------------------------------------------------
到此postgresql安装完成，可以开始正常服务，大家如果想创建自己的数据库，用户和密码可以使用：
验证使用：
添加新用户和创建数据库
postgres=# create user luxuefeng with password 'luxuefeng';
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database testdb with encoding='utf8' owner=luxuefeng;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=#
postgres=# create table test_user(id int,name varchar(20));
CREATE TABLE
postgres=# insert into table test_user values(123,'lxf');
ERROR: Syntax error at or near "table"
LINE 1: insert into table test_user values(123,'lxf');
^
postgres=# insert into test_user values(123,'lxf');
INSERT 0 1
postgres=# select * from test_user;
id | name
-----+------
123 | lxf
(1 row)
postgres=#
远程连接配置：
远程连接配置： /usr/postgresql/psql/data/pg_hba.conf # IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust host all all 0.0.0.0/0 trust host all all 192.168.1.0/32 trust /usr/postgresql/psql/data/postgresql.conf 将该文件中的listen_addresses项值设定为“*”
原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/postgresql/193584.html