ORACLE的日志挖掘 logminer

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日志挖掘 log miner 6.1 log miner的作用: 数据库恢复中有时会需要对Redo log进行分析, 要会使用log miner,以便确定要恢复的时间点或SCN 6.2 有两种日志挖掘方法 针对DML和DDL,整理如下 : 6.2.1 对语句DML进行日志挖掘: 1)添加database补充日志 sql>ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA //注意:通过PL/sql包的DML的日志挖掘,这步要先执行,在此之后的DML操作才能从日志里挖到。 2)确定要分析的日志范围,添加日志,分析 sql>execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'日志',options=>dbms_logmnr.new); //第一个要加载的日志文件 sql>execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'补充日志',options=>dbms_logmnr.addfile); //可以反复添加补充多个日志文件 3)执行logmnr 分析 sql>execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); 4)查询分析结果,可以设置时间格式,也可以在显示方式里再确定格式. sql>select username,scn,timestamp,sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents where seg_name='表名'; 5)关闭日志分析 sql>execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr; 例 session1 sys: 11:33:20 sql> ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA; session2 scott: 09:44:08 sql> create table a (id int); 09:44:20 sql> insert into a values(1); 09:44:29 sql> update a set id=5; 09:44:45 sql> commit; 09:44:47 sql> delete a; //delete这条没有commit,我们要证明uncommit的DML操作也写入了日志。 这个session2留着,换session1进入sys session1 sys: 11:32:12 sql> select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARCHIVED STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ---------------- ------------- ----------- 1 1 26 52428800 2 NO CURRENT 2257870 2012-7-23 9 2 1 25 52428800 2 YES INACTIVE 2257866 2012-7-23 9 3 1 23 52428800 2 YES INACTIVE 2257862 2012-7-23 9 4 1 24 52428800 2 YES INACTIVE 2257864 2012-7-23 9 //上面a 表的DML操作都写进了current组里,记住sequence#是26号。然后手工切换当前日志到archive里。 11:32:18 sql> alter system switch logfile; 11:33:00 sql> / 11:33:02 sql> / 11:33:02 sql> / 11:33:09 sql> select name from v$archived_log; /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_21.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_22.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_23.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_24.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_25.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_26.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_27.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_28.log /u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_29.log 62 rows selected //切换后,sequence#26的日志的应该对应的是/u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_789252862_26.log 11:33:48 sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'/u01/disk1/timran/arch_1_868709905_5.log',options=>dbms_logmnr.new); 11:34:13 sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(options=>dbms_logmnr.dict_from_online_catalog); 11:34:49 sql>select scn,to_char(timestamp,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') timestamp,sql_redo,sql_undo from v$logmnr_contents where seg_name='A'; SCN TIMESTAMP sql_REDO ---------- ------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2258232 2012-07-23 09:43:16 drop table a purge; 2258334 2012-07-23 09:44:20 create table a (id int); 2258341 2012-07-23 09:44:28 insert into "SCOTT"."A"("ID") values ('1'); 2258349 2012-07-23 09:44:46 update "SCOTT"."A" set "ID" = '5' where "ID" = '1' and ROWID = 'AAANBAAAEAAAAGEA 2258353 2012-07-23 09:44:52 delete from "SCOTT"."A" where "ID" = '5' and ROWID = 'AAANBAAAEAAAAGEAAA'; 6.2.2 对DDL的操作的log miner: 1)如果是第一次做,先要建好logmnr目录, 设置logmnr 参数,存放数据字典文件dict.ora $ mkdir /home/oracle/logmnr sql> alter system set utl_file_dir='/home/oracle/logmnr' scope=spfile; 2)建立数据字典文件dict.ora sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('dict.ora','/home/oracle/logmnr',dbms_logmnr_d.store_in_flat_file); 3)添加日志分析 sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'日志文件',options=>dbms_logmnr.new); sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile(logfilename=>'追加日志',options=>dbms_logmnr.addfile); 4)执行分析 sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>'/home/oracle/logmnr/dict.ora',options=>dbms_logmnr.ddl_dict_tracking); 5)查看分析结果 sql> select username,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),sql_redo from v$logmnr_contents WHERE USERNAME ='SCOTT' and lower(sql_redo) like '%table%'; 6)关闭日志分析 sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr; 例子将在053的不完全恢复一节中演示。 在oracle11g 的EM里已加入了有关log miner的功能,可根据时间段由oracle自动选择需要的日志,比较方便,但只有提交的事务信息,看来是从transaction的角度设计的。 EM-->Availability-->Manage-->View and Manage Transctions

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