背景
环境：
oracle为11.2版本 Linux-Centos6.5操作系统。
现状：
两台主机198，197 ，均已安装了oracle服务端。
其中198上已经创建了两个实例，197上只有orcl实例。
需要在197上搭建一套环境，数据保持和198一致。
步骤概述
停198数据库
将/oracle/product/112/dbs目录下的全部文件copy到197对应目录
/oracle/admin目录以及子目录迁到197对应目录 ，文件可以不迁。
/oradata/instance1 /oradata/instance2 全部文件数据迁到197对目录
- 数据库监听同步修改
操作步骤
停止198库
使用 oracle用户操作 su - oracle
Last login: Tue Sep 20 04:59:33 2016 from 10.45.22.168
oracle@entel2:[/oracle]$sqlplus sys/****** as sysdba
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Sep 20 05:43:15 2016
Copyright (c) 1982,2013,Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning,OLAP,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
sql> shutdown immediate
^CORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation
shutdown immediate无反应......取消，改用abort
sql> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
sql>
copy数据到197对应目录
scp -r /oracle/product/112/dbs oracle@10.45.7.197:/oracle/product/112/
scp -r /oradata/instance1/ oracle@10.45.7.197:/oradata/
scp -r /oradata/instance2/ oracle@10.45.7.197:/oradata/
操作之前请先确保197主机对应目录存在，确保存储空间足够.
启动197主机上的实例
oracle@entel1:[/oracle]$sqlplus sys/system as sysdba
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Sep 20 11:52:02 2016
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
sql> shutdown immediate
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
sql>
sql> startup force
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6530822144 bytes
Fixed Size 2265384 bytes
Variable Size 1140854488 bytes
Database Buffers 5368709120 bytes
Redo Buffers 18993152 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01172: recovery of thread 1 stuck at block 85000 of file 5
ORA-01151: use media recovery to recover block,restore backup if needed
sql> show parameter audit_file_dest
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_file_dest string /oracle/admin/instance1/adump
sql> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
sql> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6530822144 bytes
Fixed Size 2265384 bytes
Variable Size 1140854488 bytes
Database Buffers 5368709120 bytes
Redo Buffers 18993152 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01172: recovery of thread 1 stuck at block 85000 of file 5
ORA-01151: use media recovery to recover block,restore backup if needed
解决：
sql> select file#,name from v$datafile where file#=5;
FILE#
----------
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5
/oradata/instance1/tab_instance1_01.dbf
sql> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
从损坏的磁盘中恢复可读取的信息。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sql> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
sql> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6530822144 bytes
Fixed Size 2265384 bytes
Variable Size 1140854488 bytes
Database Buffers 5368709120 bytes
Redo Buffers 18993152 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00600: internal error code,arguments: [kcratr_scan_lastbwr],[],[]
看日志： /oracle/diag/rdbms/instance1/instance1/trace/alert_instance1.log
Reread (file 3,block 2136) found same corrupt data (logically corrupt)
******** WRITE VERIFICATION Failed ********
出现了逻辑坏块 (logically corrupt)，因此需要进行介质恢复。
sql> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
sql> startup mount ;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6530822144 bytes
Fixed Size 2265384 bytes
Variable Size 1140854488 bytes
Database Buffers 5368709120 bytes
Redo Buffers 18993152 bytes
Database mounted.
sql> recover database ;
Media recovery complete.
sql> alter database open ;
Database altered.
自此OK,数据库可以正常访问了.
