sqlplus /nolog
conn /as sysdba
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=TRUE;
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
set linesize 120;
alter database character set zhs16gbk;


RROR at line 1:
　　ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set


ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk;


ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=FALSE;


shutdown immediate;

STARTUP

select NLS_CHARACTERSET from nls_database_parameters;

转自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6b1f190e0100qg42.html