oracle11g dg 配置(图文版)

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第三章 主库配置

3.1 创建目录并修改名称

//在主库创建所需的文件

mkdir /u01/app/oracle/arch

//修改名称

sqlplus / assysdba

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show parametername

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alter system set db_unique_name=orclscope=spfile;

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!!!!如果默认是上图内容,则可不必执行下面2sql语句!!!!

alter system set service_names=orclscope=spfile;

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alter system set instance_name=orclscope=spfile;

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3.2 配置日志归档模式

shutdownimmediate;

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startup mount

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//设置归档日志目录

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch';

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//验证日志目录

archive log list


//开启归档模式

Alter databasearchivelog;

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//开启强制记录日志模式

alter databaseforce logging;

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验证

selectFORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

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3.3 添加 standby redolog日志文件

alter database add standby logfile group11'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std11.log'size 60M;

alter database add standby logfile group12'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std12.log'size 60M;

alter database add standby logfile group13'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std13.log'size 60M;

alter database add standby logfile group14'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/std14.log'size 60M;

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//验证,加上系统默认的三条共7

Select member,type from v$logfile;

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3.4 开启闪回数据库

//开启闪回数据库(作用:当发生故障转移时,这个功能非常有用,它能让你将老的主库闪回到故障前,然后将其转换为备库。如果没有启用闪回功能,你就必须重建备库,意味着要再复制一次数文件。除了这个好处,闪回还能在某些情况下让你避免从备份恢复数据)

//查看闪回数据库状态

show parameter db_recovery_file_dest

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//更改路径和大小

可以修改位置:sql>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='新路径';
更改大小:sql>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=400G;

//查看是否启用,默认是不开启的

select flashback_on from v$database;

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alter database flashback on;

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//验证

select flashback_on from v$database;

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3.5 DG配置

// Data Guard 配置里的另外一个库的名字

alter system setlog_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orclstd)';

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//配置归档日志位置(很重要)

alter system setlog_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl';

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//配置重做日志到备份库(很重要)

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orclstdASYNC LGWR VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd';

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//设置日志格式

alter system setlog_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc' scope=spfile;

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//设置FAL_SERVER(作用:这个参数指定当日志传输出现问题时,备库到哪里去找缺少的归档日志

alter system set fal_server=orclstd;

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alter system set fal_client=orcl;

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//配置数据文件和日志文件目录

show parameter convert


alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'scope=spfile;

alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'scope=spfile;

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shutdown immediate

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startup mount

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//验证

show parameter convert

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3.6 设置自动管理

//查看主库是否自动管理文件(作用:主库添加删除数据文件时,备库也跟着添加删除数据文件

show parameter standby

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alter system set standby_file_management=auto;

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//验证

show parameter standby

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3.7 修改fal参数

alter system set fal_client=orcl;

alter system set fal_server=orclstd;

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//验证

show parameter fal;


3.8 配置密码文件

//由于默认的密码不知道,所以可以删除或备份一份密码文件

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

mv orapworcl orapworcl.bak

创建密码文件

orapwd file=orapworcl password=jinhetech force=y

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3.9 配置监听

cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

在监听文件添加

vim listener.ora

===========================================================

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orcl)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION=

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = compute02)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

===========================================================

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重启监听,重启数据库.

验证:

lsnrctl status

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//配置远程监听,添加一下内容

vim tnsnames.ora

===========================================================

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = compute02)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER =DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

)

ORCLSTD =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = controller)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orclstd)

)

)

===========================================================

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验证

tnsping compute02

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3.10 设置参数文件

//生成修改主库的pfile用于备库

create pfile='/tmp/init.ora' from spfile;

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//生成自己的pfile配置文件

create pfile from spfile;

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//分别修改主备库配置

//修改下面两个文件配置,手动添加红色字段

vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora

vim /tmp/init.ora

===========================================================

orcl.__db_cache_size=7784628224

orcl.__java_pool_size=268435456

orcl.__large_pool_size=268435456

orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE setfrom environment

orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=11005853696

orcl.__sga_target=16106127360

orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0

orcl.__shared_pool_size=7516192768

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032

*.db_unique_name='ORCL'

*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.fal_client='ORCL'

*.fal_server='ORCLSTD'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orclstd)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orclstd ASYNC LGWRVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd'

*.log_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc'

*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'

*.memory_target=26902265856

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

===========================================================

3.11 创建控制文件

alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/controlstb.ctl';

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3.12 传输文件

!!!!!!按顺序执行!!!!!

//传输密码文件到备库

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

scp orapworcl oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

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//拷贝监听文件到备库

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

scp listener.ora tnsnames.ora oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

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//拷贝参数文件到备库

scp /tmp/init.ora oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

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//拷贝数据文件到备库

scp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/* oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

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//拷贝控制文件到备库

scp /tmp/controlstb.ctloracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl

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scp /tmp/controlstb.ctl oracle@172.16.0.1:/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl

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第四章 备库配置

4.1 创建所需的文件

//在备库创建所需的文件

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/

mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle/arch/

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump

chown -R oracle:oinstall/u01/app

chmod 6751/u01/app

4.2 修改参数文件

cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/

vim init.ora

//修改init.ora为如下内容

===========================================================

*.db_unique_name='orclstd'

fal_server='orcl'

fal_client='orclstd'

log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orclstd'

log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)db_unique_name=orcl'

========================================================

4.3 配置监听

cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

vim listener.ora

========================================================

SID_LIST_LISTENER=

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orclstd)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)

(SID_NAME = orclstd)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY =EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = controller)(PORT = 1521))

)

)

===========================================================

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//启动监听

lsnrctl start

//验证

tnsping orcl

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tnsping orclstd

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第五章 日常维护

5.1 启动方式(先启动备库在启动主库)

//备库操作

shut immediate

startup nomountpfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/init.ora';

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alter databasemount standby database;

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alter databaSEOpen read only;

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select open_modefrom v$database;

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alter databaserecover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

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select open_modefrom v$database;

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archive log list;

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//生成自己的pfile配置文件

create pfile from spfile;

//主库操作

shut immediate

startup

//主库最终监听状态

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//备库最终监听状态

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