最近本地环境上安装了timesten，设置了一些环境变量，直接导致本地的sqlplus连不上数据库了，做了一些测试：
缺失环境变量:
oracle_sid ora11NS_ADMIN F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:05:58 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,2010,Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
Enter user-name:
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test@ora112
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:06:34 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
Enter user-name:
只缺失环境变量：
TNS_ADMIN F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:19:42 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning,OLAP,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
sql>
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test@ora112
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:03:16 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
Enter user-name:
只缺失环境变量:
oracle_sid ora11
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test@ora112
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:17:36 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
sql>
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:11:54 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
Enter user-name:
listener.ora中：
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
)
)
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:23:04 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
sql>
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus test/test@ora112
sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Tue Feb 14 15:23:08 2017
Copyright (c) 1982,Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
descriptor
改SID_NAME为ora11，重启监听
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
)
)
两种方式都可以成功。
总结一下： 缺失TNS_ADMIN，sqlplus test/test可以成功。 缺失oracle_sid，sqlplus test/test@ora112可以成功。 缺失TNS_ADMIN，oracle_sid，两个都不成功。 listener.ora SID_NAME错误，sqlplus test/test可以成功。 说明oracle_sid对sqlplus test/test有直接影响。TNS_ADMIN，listener.ora对sqlplus test/test@ora112有直接影响。 listener.ora中的sid_name要与tnsname.ora中的SERVICE_NAME一致。 listener.ora: SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = ora11) (ORACLE_HOME = F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:F:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll") ) ) tnsname.ora: ORA115 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ora11) ) )
