Veritas Netbackup Oracle数据库本机备份恢复

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概述：

本次实验环境采用Veritas Netbackup 7.7.3软件版本，对Redhat Linux Oracle数据库的备份和恢复。

操作系统 主机名 IP地址
Windows Server 2008R2 nbumaster 192.168.60.59
Redhat Linux 6.5 x86_64 rhel6 192.168.60.100



Oracle备份恢复实验拓扑：

  • 备份RedHat Linux环境下的Oracle 11gR2数据库到Master Server端；

  • 通过Master Server端恢复Oracle 11gR2数据库

[Master/Media server][192.168.60.59][Winodws Server2008R2]

1.修改hosts文件

2.上传Netbackup 7.7.3软件解压并安装

3.输入License授权安装Master Server

4.等待安装完成


[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5]

1.修改HOSTNAME

vi/etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=rhel6

2.修改selinux设置

vi/etc/selinux/config
SELINUXTYPE=disabled

3.关闭防火墙

serviceiptablesstop
iptables:Flushingfirewallrules:[OK]
iptables:SettingchainstopolicyACCEPT:filter[OK]
iptables:Unloadingmodules:

4.修改hosts文件

vi/etc/hosts
192.168.60.100rhel6
192.168.60.59nbumaster

5.Linux NBU Client安装

安装介质：

NetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2.tar.gz2.87GB

解压缩

tarxfNetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2.tar.gz-C/opt

进入解压完成后的目录：

cdNetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2
./install
Doyouwishtocontinue?[y,n](y)y

DoyouwanttoinstalltheNetBackupclientsoftwareforthisclient?[y,n](y)y

EnterthenameoftheNetBackupmasterserver:nbumaster

Wouldyouliketouse"rhel6"astheconfigured
nameoftheNetBackupclient?[y,n](y)y


[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5][数据库备份配置]

1.连接登陆数据库，开启归档

[oracle@rhel6~]$sqlplus/assysdba

sql*Plus:Release11.2.0.4.0ProductiononThuSep1410:32:242017

Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.


Connectedto:
OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.4.0-64bitProduction
WiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
sql>shutdownimmediate;//关闭数据库；
Databaseclosed.
Databasedismounted.
ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
sql>startupmount;//启动数据库到mount状态；
ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea1603411968bytes
FixedSize		2253664bytes
VariableSize		1375734944bytes
DatabaseBuffers	218103808bytes
RedoBuffers		7319552bytes
Databasemounted.
sql>alterdatabasearchivelog;//开启数据库归档；

Databasealtered.

sql>archiveloglist;
Databaselogmode	ArchiveMode
Automaticarchival	Enabled
Archivedestination	USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldestonlinelogsequence1
Nextlogsequencetoarchive1
Currentlogsequence	1
sql>alterdatabaSEOpen;//打开数据库；

Databasealtered.

2.修改RMAN脚本

[oracle@rhel6~]$su-
Password:
[oracle@rhel6~]#cp-rfp/usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman/hot_database_backup.sh/opt/scripts
[oracle@rhel6~]#vi/opt/scripts/hot_database_backup.sh
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_USER=oracle

ORACLE_TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/manager

3.建立Oracle Link

su-oracle
cd/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/
./oracle_link

AllOracleinstancesshouldbeshutdownbeforerunningthisscript.

PleaselogintotheUnixsystemastheOracleownerforrunningthisscript

Doyouwanttocontinue?(y/n)[n]y

LIBOBKpath:/usr/openv/netbackup/bin

ORACLE_HOME:/orcl/oracle

Oracleversion:11.2.0.4.0

Platformtype:i686

LinkingLIBOBK:

ln-s/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so/orcl/oracle/lib/libobk.so

Done

Pleasecheckthetracefilelocatedin/tmp/make_trace.4459

tomakesurethelinkingprocesswassuccessful.


[Master/Media server][192.168.60.59][Windows 2008R2][数据库备份]

1.登陆Netbackup客户端软件，新建Policy备份Oracle数据库

2.策略配置备份时间，FULL备份一周一次，两周一次删除数据

3.选择自定义RMAN脚本备份方式，添加客户端

4.选择相应的RMAN脚本进行备份

5.选择手动执行备份测试

6.至此Oracle数据库的备份完成

[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5][数据库恢复]

在这模拟一下数据库故障问题，删除dbf数据文件、ctl控制文件、log日志文件

[oracle@rhel6~]#cd/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
[root@rhel6orcl]#rm-rf*
[root@rhel6orcl]#ll
总用量0

1.首先登陆数据库，启动数据库到mount状态，在Client端或Server端查询备份数据库的备份文件

sql>shutdownimmediate;//由于文件被删，关闭数据库报错；
ORA-00210:cannotopenthespecifiedcontrolfile
ORA-00202:controlfile:'/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041:unabletoopenfile
Linux-x86_64Error:2:Nosuchfileordirectory
Additionalinformation:3
sql>shutdownabort;//强制关闭数据库；
ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
sql>startupnomount;//启动数据库到nomount状态；
ORACLEinstancestarted.

TotalSystemGlobalArea1603411968bytes
FixedSize		2253664bytes
VariableSize		1375734944bytes
DatabaseBuffers	218103808bytes
RedoBuffers		7319552bytes

这里在Server端查询数据库备份的文件（由于测试后面又多次进行了备份）：

2.进入RMAN Target，首先恢复数据库控制文件

[oracle@rhel6~]$rmannocatalogtarget/

RecoveryManager:Release11.2.0.4.0-ProductiononThuSep1412:23:202017

Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.

connectedtotargetdatabase:ORCL(notmounted)
usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>restorecontrolfilefrom'/cntrl_26_1_954675900';
4>releasechannelch00;
5>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)

Startingrestoreat2017-09-1412:26:08

channelch00:restoringcontrolfile
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:28
outputfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
outputfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
Finishedrestoreat2017-09-1412:26:36

releasedchannel:ch00

3.控制文件恢复成功后，将数据库启动到mount状态，开始恢复数据文件

RMAN>alterdatabasemount;

databasemounted
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>allocatechannelch01typesbt_tape;
4>restoredatabase;
5>releasechannelch00;
6>releasechannelch01;
7>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)

allocatedchannel:ch01
channelch01:SID=10devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch01:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)

Startingrestoreat2017-09-1412:29:42
Startingimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2017-09-1412:29:42
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2017-09-1412:29:43

Startingimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2017-09-1412:29:43
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2017-09-1412:29:43

searchingforallfilesintherecoveryarea
catalogingfiles...
nofilescataloged


channelch00:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelch00:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelch00:restoringdatafile00001to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channelch00:restoringdatafile00004to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channelch00:readingfrombackuppiecebk_21_1_954675802
channelch01:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelch01:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelch01:restoringdatafile00002to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channelch01:restoringdatafile00003to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channelch01:readingfrombackuppiecebk_20_1_954675802
channelch00:piecehandle=bk_21_1_954675802tag=HOT_DB_BK_INC_LVL0
channelch00:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:01:05
channelch01:piecehandle=bk_20_1_954675802tag=HOT_DB_BK_INC_LVL0
channelch01:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch01:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:01:05
Finishedrestoreat2017-09-1412:30:55

releasedchannel:ch00

releasedchannel:ch01

4.恢复数据库

RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>allocatechannelch01typesbt_tape;
4>recoverdatabase;
5>releasechannelch00;
6>releasechannelch01;
7>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)

allocatedchannel:ch01
channelch01:SID=10devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch01:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)

Startingrecoverat2017-09-1412:33:19

startingmediarecovery

channelch00:startingarchivedlogrestoretodefaultdestination
channelch00:restoringarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=3
channelch00:readingfrombackuppieceal_24_1_954675865
channelch01:startingarchivedlogrestoretodefaultdestination
channelch01:restoringarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=4
channelch01:readingfrombackuppieceal_25_1_954675865
channelch00:piecehandle=al_24_1_954675865tag=TAG20170914T114424
channelch00:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:25
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_3_dvn1o8l5_.arcthread=1sequence=3
channeldefault:deletingarchivedlog(s)
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_3_dvn1o8l5_.arcRECID=9STAMP=954678824
channelch01:piecehandle=al_25_1_954675865tag=TAG20170914T114424
channelch01:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch01:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:25
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_4_dvn1o8wd_.arcthread=1sequence=4
channeldefault:deletingarchivedlog(s)
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_4_dvn1o8wd_.arcRECID=10STAMP=954678824
unabletofindarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=5
releasedchannel:ch00
releasedchannel:ch01
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002:failureofrecovercommandat09/14/201712:33:53
RMAN-06054:mediarecoveryrequestingunknownarchivedlogforthread1withsequence5andstartingSCNof1938164

5.从SCN记录从新记录新的日志文件

RMAN>recoverdatabaseuntilscn1938164;
Startingrecoverat2017-09-1412:35:08
allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1:SID=771devicetype=DISK

startingmediarecovery
mediarecoverycomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:00

Finishedrecoverat2017-09-1412:35:08

6.打开数据库，生成新的redolog以及undolog文件

RMAN>alterdatabaSEOpen
2>;

RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002:failureofalterdbcommandat09/14/201712:37:54
ORA-01589:mustuseRESETLOGSorNORESETLOGSoptionfordatabaSEOpen

RMAN>alterdatabaSEOpenRESETLOGS;

databaSEOpened


至此，Oracle数据库的本机通过Netbackup备份恢复实验成功实现。需要注意的是在Netbackup备份数据库的时候，要在数据库端配置script，然后在master端发起备份；而数据库恢复只需在client端发起恢复即可。

原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/oracle/207737.html

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