概述：
本次实验环境采用Veritas Netbackup 7.7.3软件版本，对Redhat Linux Oracle数据库的备份和恢复。
| 操作系统 | 主机名 | IP地址 |
| Windows Server 2008R2 | nbumaster | 192.168.60.59 |
| Redhat Linux 6.5 x86_64 | rhel6 | 192.168.60.100 |
Oracle备份恢复实验拓扑：
[Master/Media server][192.168.60.59][Winodws Server2008R2]
2.上传Netbackup 7.7.3软件解压并安装
3.输入License授权安装Master Server
4.等待安装完成
[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5]
1.修改HOSTNAME
vi/etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=rhel6
2.修改selinux设置
vi/etc/selinux/config SELINUXTYPE=disabled
3.关闭防火墙
serviceiptablesstop iptables:Flushingfirewallrules:[OK] iptables:SettingchainstopolicyACCEPT:filter[OK] iptables:Unloadingmodules:
vi/etc/hosts 192.168.60.100rhel6 192.168.60.59nbumaster
5.Linux NBU Client安装
安装介质：
NetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2.tar.gz2.87GB
解压缩
tarxfNetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2.tar.gz-C/opt
进入解压完成后的目录：
cdNetBackup_7.7.3_CLIENTS2 ./install Doyouwishtocontinue?[y,n](y)y DoyouwanttoinstalltheNetBackupclientsoftwareforthisclient?[y,n](y)y EnterthenameoftheNetBackupmasterserver:nbumaster Wouldyouliketouse"rhel6"astheconfigured nameoftheNetBackupclient?[y,n](y)y
[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5][数据库备份配置]
1.连接登陆数据库，开启归档
[oracle@rhel6~]$sqlplus/assysdba sql*Plus:Release11.2.0.4.0ProductiononThuSep1410:32:242017 Copyright(c)1982,2013,Oracle.Allrightsreserved. Connectedto: OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.4.0-64bitProduction WiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions sql>shutdownimmediate;//关闭数据库； Databaseclosed. Databasedismounted. ORACLEinstanceshutdown. sql>startupmount;//启动数据库到mount状态； ORACLEinstancestarted. TotalSystemGlobalArea1603411968bytes FixedSize 2253664bytes VariableSize 1375734944bytes DatabaseBuffers 218103808bytes RedoBuffers 7319552bytes Databasemounted. sql>alterdatabasearchivelog;//开启数据库归档； Databasealtered. sql>archiveloglist; Databaselogmode ArchiveMode Automaticarchival Enabled Archivedestination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldestonlinelogsequence1 Nextlogsequencetoarchive1 Currentlogsequence 1 sql>alterdatabaSEOpen;//打开数据库； Databasealtered.
2.修改RMAN脚本
[oracle@rhel6~]$su- Password: [oracle@rhel6~]#cp-rfp/usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman/hot_database_backup.sh/opt/scripts [oracle@rhel6~]#vi/opt/scripts/hot_database_backup.sh ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0 ORACLE_SID=orcl ORACLE_USER=oracle ORACLE_TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/manager
3.建立Oracle Link
su-oracle cd/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/ ./oracle_link AllOracleinstancesshouldbeshutdownbeforerunningthisscript. PleaselogintotheUnixsystemastheOracleownerforrunningthisscript Doyouwanttocontinue?(y/n)[n]y LIBOBKpath:/usr/openv/netbackup/bin ORACLE_HOME:/orcl/oracle Oracleversion:11.2.0.4.0 Platformtype:i686 LinkingLIBOBK: ln-s/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so/orcl/oracle/lib/libobk.so Done Pleasecheckthetracefilelocatedin/tmp/make_trace.4459 tomakesurethelinkingprocesswassuccessful.
[Master/Media server][192.168.60.59][Windows 2008R2][数据库备份]
1.登陆Netbackup客户端软件，新建Policy备份Oracle数据库
2.策略配置备份时间，FULL备份一周一次，两周一次删除数据
4.选择相应的RMAN脚本进行备份
@L_403_7@
5.选择手动执行备份测试
6.至此Oracle数据库的备份完成
[Client][192.168.60.100][Redhat Linux 6.5][数据库恢复]
在这模拟一下数据库故障问题，删除dbf数据文件、ctl控制文件、log日志文件
[oracle@rhel6~]#cd/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl [root@rhel6orcl]#rm-rf* [root@rhel6orcl]#ll 总用量0
1.首先登陆数据库，启动数据库到mount状态，在Client端或Server端查询备份数据库的备份文件
sql>shutdownimmediate;//由于文件被删，关闭数据库报错； ORA-00210:cannotopenthespecifiedcontrolfile ORA-00202:controlfile:'/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' ORA-27041:unabletoopenfile Linux-x86_64Error:2:Nosuchfileordirectory Additionalinformation:3 sql>shutdownabort;//强制关闭数据库； ORACLEinstanceshutdown. sql>startupnomount;//启动数据库到nomount状态； ORACLEinstancestarted. TotalSystemGlobalArea1603411968bytes FixedSize 2253664bytes VariableSize 1375734944bytes DatabaseBuffers 218103808bytes RedoBuffers 7319552bytes
这里在Server端查询数据库备份的文件（由于测试后面又多次进行了备份）：
[oracle@rhel6~]$rmannocatalogtarget/
RecoveryManager:Release11.2.0.4.0-ProductiononThuSep1412:23:202017
Copyright(c)1982,2011,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.
connectedtotargetdatabase:ORCL(notmounted)
usingtargetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadofrecoverycatalog
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>restorecontrolfilefrom'/cntrl_26_1_954675900';
4>releasechannelch00;
5>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)
Startingrestoreat2017-09-1412:26:08
channelch00:restoringcontrolfile
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:28
outputfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
outputfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl
Finishedrestoreat2017-09-1412:26:36
releasedchannel:ch00
3.控制文件恢复成功后，将数据库启动到mount状态，开始恢复数据文件
RMAN>alterdatabasemount;
databasemounted
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>allocatechannelch01typesbt_tape;
4>restoredatabase;
5>releasechannelch00;
6>releasechannelch01;
7>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)
allocatedchannel:ch01
channelch01:SID=10devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch01:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)
Startingrestoreat2017-09-1412:29:42
Startingimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2017-09-1412:29:42
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckbackupat2017-09-1412:29:43
Startingimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2017-09-1412:29:43
Finishedimplicitcrosscheckcopyat2017-09-1412:29:43
searchingforallfilesintherecoveryarea
catalogingfiles...
nofilescataloged
channelch00:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelch00:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelch00:restoringdatafile00001to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channelch00:restoringdatafile00004to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channelch00:readingfrombackuppiecebk_21_1_954675802
channelch01:startingdatafilebackupsetrestore
channelch01:specifyingdatafile(s)torestorefrombackupset
channelch01:restoringdatafile00002to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
channelch01:restoringdatafile00003to/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
channelch01:readingfrombackuppiecebk_20_1_954675802
channelch00:piecehandle=bk_21_1_954675802tag=HOT_DB_BK_INC_LVL0
channelch00:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:01:05
channelch01:piecehandle=bk_20_1_954675802tag=HOT_DB_BK_INC_LVL0
channelch01:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch01:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:01:05
Finishedrestoreat2017-09-1412:30:55
releasedchannel:ch00
releasedchannel:ch01
4.恢复数据库
RMAN>run{
2>allocatechannelch00typesbt_tape;
3>allocatechannelch01typesbt_tape;
4>recoverdatabase;
5>releasechannelch00;
6>releasechannelch01;
7>}
allocatedchannel:ch00
channelch00:SID=771devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch00:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)
allocatedchannel:ch01
channelch01:SID=10devicetype=SBT_TAPE
channelch01:VeritasNetBackupforOracle-Release7.7.3(2016051915)
Startingrecoverat2017-09-1412:33:19
startingmediarecovery
channelch00:startingarchivedlogrestoretodefaultdestination
channelch00:restoringarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=3
channelch00:readingfrombackuppieceal_24_1_954675865
channelch01:startingarchivedlogrestoretodefaultdestination
channelch01:restoringarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=4
channelch01:readingfrombackuppieceal_25_1_954675865
channelch00:piecehandle=al_24_1_954675865tag=TAG20170914T114424
channelch00:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch00:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:25
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_3_dvn1o8l5_.arcthread=1sequence=3
channeldefault:deletingarchivedlog(s)
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_3_dvn1o8l5_.arcRECID=9STAMP=954678824
channelch01:piecehandle=al_25_1_954675865tag=TAG20170914T114424
channelch01:restoredbackuppiece1
channelch01:restorecomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:25
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_4_dvn1o8wd_.arcthread=1sequence=4
channeldefault:deletingarchivedlog(s)
archivedlogfilename=/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2017_09_14/o1_mf_1_4_dvn1o8wd_.arcRECID=10STAMP=954678824
unabletofindarchivedlog
archivedlogthread=1sequence=5
releasedchannel:ch00
releasedchannel:ch01
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002:failureofrecovercommandat09/14/201712:33:53
RMAN-06054:mediarecoveryrequestingunknownarchivedlogforthread1withsequence5andstartingSCNof1938164
5.从SCN记录从新记录新的日志文件
RMAN>recoverdatabaseuntilscn1938164; Startingrecoverat2017-09-1412:35:08 allocatedchannel:ORA_DISK_1 channelORA_DISK_1:SID=771devicetype=DISK startingmediarecovery mediarecoverycomplete,elapsedtime:00:00:00 Finishedrecoverat2017-09-1412:35:08
6.打开数据库，生成新的redolog以及undolog文件
RMAN>alterdatabaSEOpen 2>; RMAN-00571:=========================================================== RMAN-00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS=============== RMAN-00571:=========================================================== RMAN-03002:failureofalterdbcommandat09/14/201712:37:54 ORA-01589:mustuseRESETLOGSorNORESETLOGSoptionfordatabaSEOpen RMAN>alterdatabaSEOpenRESETLOGS; databaSEOpened
至此，Oracle数据库的本机通过Netbackup备份恢复实验成功实现。需要注意的是在Netbackup备份数据库的时候，要在数据库端配置script，然后在master端发起备份；而数据库恢复只需在client端发起恢复即可。
