NBU备份oracle全备脚本注释

root@gzwgnbu1 # more hot_database_backup.sh

#!/bin/sh

# $Header: hot_database_backup.sh,v 1.3 2010/08/04 17:56:02 $

#bcpyrght

#*********************************************************************

#ecpyrght

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# hot_database_backup.sh

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# This script uses Recovery Manager to take a hot (inconsistent) database

# backup. A hot backup is inconsistent because portions of the database are

# being modified and written to the disk while the backup is progressing.

# You must run your database in ARCHIVELOG mode to make hot backups. It is

# assumed that this script will be executed by user root. In order for RMAN

# to work properly we switch user (su -) to the oracle dba account before

# execution. If this script runs under a user account that has Oracle dba

# privilege,it will be executed using this user's account.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Determine the user which is executing this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSER=`id |cut -d"(" -f2 | cut -d ")" -f1`

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Put output in <this file name>.out. Change as desired.

# Note: output directory requires write permission.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN_LOG_FILE=${0}.out

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# You may want to delete the output file so that backup information does

# not accumulate. If not,delete the following lines.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE" ]

then

rm -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE"

# -----------------------------------------------------------------

# Initialize the log file.

# -----------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

chmod 666 $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the start of this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo ==== started on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace /db/oracle/product/ora102,below,with the Oracle home path.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/ora102 #oracle目录

export ORACLE_HOME

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace ora102,with the Oracle SID of the target database.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_SID=ora102 #备份的数据库

export ORACLE_SID

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Replace ora102,with the Oracle DBA user id (account).

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORACLE_USER=ora102 备份使用的系统用户

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set the target connect string.

# Replace "sys/manager",with the target connect string.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/manager ### sys/manager 改为 / ###

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set the Oracle Recovery Manager name.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman #NBU中rman命令的位置

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Print out the value of the variables set by this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "RMAN: $RMAN" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "ORACLE_SID: $ORACLE_SID" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "ORACLE_USER: $ORACLE_USER" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "ORACLE_HOME: $ORACLE_HOME" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Print out the value of the variables set by bphdb.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "NB_ORA_FULL: $NB_ORA_FULL" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "NB_ORA_INCR: $NB_ORA_INCR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "NB_ORA_CINC: $NB_ORA_CINC" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "NB_ORA_SERV: $NB_ORA_SERV" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo "NB_ORA_POLICY: $NB_ORA_POLICY" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# NOTE: This script assumes that the database is properly opened. If desired,

# this would be the place to verify that.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# If this script is executed from a NetBackup schedule,NetBackup

# sets an NB_ORA environment variable based on the schedule type.

# The NB_ORA variable is then used to dynamically set BACKUP_TYPE

# For example,when:

# schedule type is BACKUP_TYPE is

# ---------------- --------------

# Automatic Full INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0

# Automatic Differential Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1

# Automatic Cumulative Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE

# For user initiated backups,BACKUP_TYPE defaults to incremental

# level 0 (full). To change the default for a user initiated

# backup to incremental or incremental cumulative,uncomment

# one of the following two lines.

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

# BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

# Note that we use incremental level 0 to specify full backups.

# That is because,although they are identical in content,only

# the incremental level 0 backup can have incremental backups of

# level > 0 applied to it.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$NB_ORA_FULL" = "1" ]

then

echo "Full backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_INCR" = "1" ]

then

echo "Differential incremental backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1"

elif [ "$NB_ORA_CINC" = "1" ]

then

echo "Cumulative incremental backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE"

elif [ "$BACKUP_TYPE" = "" ]

then

echo "Default - Full backup requested" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

BACKUP_TYPE="INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0"

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Call Recovery Manager to initiate the backup. This example does not use a

# Recovery Catalog. If you choose to use one,replace the option 'nocatalog'

# from the rman command line below with the

# 'catalog <userid>/<passwd>@<net service name>' statement.

# Note: Any environment variables needed at run time by RMAN

# must be set and exported within the switch user (su) command.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Backs up the whole database. This backup is part of the incremental

# strategy (this means it can have incremental backups of levels > 0

# applied to it).

# We do not need to explicitly request the control file to be included

# in this backup,as it is automatically included each time file 1 of

# the system tablespace is backed up (the inference: as it is a whole

# database backup,file 1 of the system tablespace will be backed up,

# hence the controlfile will also be included automatically).

# Typically,a level 0 backup would be done at least once a week.

# The scenario assumes:

# o you are backing your database up to two tape drives

# o you want each backup set to include a maximum of 5 files

# o you wish to include offline datafiles,and read-only tablespaces,

# in the backup

# o you want the backup to continue if any files are inaccessible.

# o you are not using a Recovery Catalog

# o you are explicitly backing up the control file. Since you are

# specifying nocatalog,the controlfile backup that occurs

# automatically as the result of backing up the system file is

# not sufficient; it will not contain records for the backup that

# is currently in progress.

# o you want to archive the current log,back up all the

# archive logs using two channels,putting a maximum of 20 logs

# in a backup set,and deleting them once the backup is complete.

# Note that the format string is constructed to guarantee uniqueness and

# to enhance NetBackup for Oracle backup and restore performance.

# NOTE WHEN USING NET SERVICE NAME: When connecting to a database

# using a net service name,you must use a send command or a parms operand to

# specify environment variables. In other words,when accessing a database

# through a listener,the environment variables set at the system level are not

# visible when RMAN is running. For more information on the environment

# variables,please refer to the NetBackup for Oracle Admin. Guide.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CMD_STR="

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME

export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SID

export ORACLE_SID

$RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR nocatalog msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append << EOF

RUN { //以下为database备份

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #为磁带备份分配通道

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

BACKUP

$BACKUP_TYPE

SKIP INACCESSIBLE #跳过不可存取文件

TAG hot_db_bk_level0 #设置备份标记，仅仅是一个标识名称，在以后恢复中可以根据名称来恢复

FILESPERSET 5 #最多包含五个文件

# recommended format

FORMAT 'bk_%s_%p_%t' #定义备份的名称

DATABASE; #标识定义的是整个数据库

sql 'alter system archive log current';

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; #释放通道

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

# backup all archive logs //以下为archive log备份

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #分配通道

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

#ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' connect='sys/sysadmin@gtwdb01 SEND 'NB_ORA_POLICY=yun-gtwdb-1-oralog';

#ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' connect='sys/sysadmin@gtwdb02 SEND 'NB_ORA_POLICY=yun-gtwdb-2-oralog'; //针对RAC的archive log备份

//(archivelog在非共享存储上)

BACKUP

filesperset 20 #最多包含20个文件

FORMAT 'al_%s_%p_%t' #备份名称格式

ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT; #备份的是archive log，备份之后删除所有归档日志

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; #释放通道

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

# Note: During the process of backing up the database,RMAN also backs up the

# control file. This version of the control file does not contain the

# information about the current backup because "nocatalog" has been specified.

# To include the information about the current backup,the control file should

# be backed up as the last step of the RMAN section. This step would not be

# necessary if we were using a recovery catalog or auto control file backups.

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE'; #分配通道

BACKUP

# recommended format

FORMAT 'cntrl_%s_%p_%t' #备份名称格式

CURRENT CONTROLFILE; #备份控制文件

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00; 释放通道

}

EOF

# Initiate the command string

if [ "$CUSER" = "root" ]

then

su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

RSTAT=$?

else

/usr/bin/sh -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

RSTAT=$?

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Log the completion of this script.

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

if [ "$RSTAT" = "0" ]

then

LOGMSG="ended successfully"

else

LOGMSG="ended in error"

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo ==== $LOGMSG on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

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NBU备份oracle全备脚本注释

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