update 2015-8-7
介绍另一个vk持久化数据库：
RaptorDB - the Document Store
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/375413/RaptorDB-the-Document-Store
接着上一篇这里罗列下STSDB的一般性使用
以下内容基于stsdb4.dll（4.0.3.0版本）库（百度分享资源：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jGxHE3k），截止本文发布，官方最新版本是4.0.5.0，官方地址：http://stsdb.com/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace STSDB
{
[Serializable]
public class TStudent
{
public TStudent()
{
}
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public int GroupNumber { get; set; }
public List<TCourse> CourseList { get; set; }
}
}
using System;
namespace STSDB
{
[Serializable]
public class TCourse
{
public string CourseName { get; set; }
public string Teacher { get; set; }
public int score { get; set; }
}
}
演示代码：
/* * 1. STSdb 4.0 是一个开源的Nosql 数据库和虚拟文件系统，支持实时索引，完全用c#开发的。 * 引擎原理基于WaterfallTree（瀑布树）数据结构搭建 * * * 2.特性 * 支持几十亿级别的数据存取 * 支持TB级别文件大小 * 实时索引 * 内置压缩 * 内置序列化 * 支持稀疏分散的文件（byte[]） * 存储内存可控 * 支持多线程，且线程安全 * Storage engine instance is thread-safe. Creating (opening) XTable and XFile instances in one storage engine from different threads is thread-safe. XTable and XFile instances are also thread-safe. Manipulating different XTable/XFile instances from different threads is thread-safe. * * 3.缺点 * 不支持事务 * 同时处理所有打开的表 * * 支持多种情况下的数据引擎连接 IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromMemory(); //从内存中读取 IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromStream(stream); //从数据流中读取 IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromHeap(heap); //从堆栈中读取 IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromNetwork(host,port); //从远程地址读取 * * */ using System; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace STSDB { using Newtonsoft.Json; using STSdb4.Data; using STSdb4.Database; using STSdb4.Storage; using STSdb4.WaterfallTree; using STSdb4.Remote.Heap; class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { ExecuteCode(WriteData); ExecuteCode(ReadData); //ExecuteCode(DatabaseSchemeInfo); //ExecuteCode(ReadItem); //ExecuteCode(DeleteItems); //ExecuteCode(ReadItem); //ExecuteCode(GetRecord); //ExecuteCode(PageRecord); //ExecuteCode(Others); //ExecuteCode(ReNaMetable); //ExecuteCode(ExistsTable); //ExecuteCode(DeleteTable); //ExecuteCode(ExistsTable); #region test //bool quit = false; //while (!quit) //{ // Console.Write("get item data: "); // string demo = Console.ReadLine(); // switch (demo) // { // case "Y": // break; // case "Q": // quit = true; // break; // default: // Console.WriteLine("Choose a Word between Y and Q(to quit)"); // break; // } //} #endregion Console.ReadKey(); } /// <summary>执行方法</summary> static void ExecuteCode(Action act) { System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch stopwatch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch(); stopwatch.Start(); act(); stopwatch.Stop(); TimeSpan timespan = stopwatch.Elapsed; Console.WriteLine("运行{0}秒",timespan.TotalSeconds); } /// <summary> /// 数据库名 /// </summary> /// <remarks>文件名和扩展名不限制</remarks> protected static string DataBase = "ClassDB.db"; /// <summary> /// 学生表名 /// </summary> protected static string TableName = "tb_student"; /// <summary> /// 【新】学生表名 /// </summary> protected static string NewTableName = "new_tb_student"; /// <summary> /// XFile /// </summary> protected static string XFileName = "tb_file"; #region 基本操作 /// <summary> /// 创建库，写入数据 /// </summary> static void WriteData() { /* * ①：没有数据库会自动创建的，默认目录和应用程序目录一致； * ②：打开表，Key支持组合结构 => OpenXTable<TKey,TRecord> */ using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) //① { var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); //② //var table2 = engine.OpenXTable<TKey,TTick>("table2"); //支持key嵌套 for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { table[i] = new TStudent { Name = "Jon_" + i.ToString(),Age = new Random().Next(25,30),GroupNumber = i + (new Random().Next(310,399)),CourseList = new List<TCourse>() { new TCourse{ CourseName="C#高级编程"+i.ToString(),Teacher="老陈"+i.ToString(),score=80 },new TCourse{ CourseName="C#函数式程序设计"+i.ToString(),Teacher="老李"+i.ToString(),score=90 },new TCourse{ CourseName="多线程实战应用"+i.ToString(),Teacher="老张"+i.ToString(),score=95 },} }; } engine.Commit(); } } /// <summary> /// 读取数据 /// </summary> static void ReadData() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); //ITable:IEnumerable对象 foreach (var item in table) Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item,Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented)); Console.WriteLine(table.Count()); //TableName表中有100行数据 } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> static void DatabaseSchemeInfo() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) //① { IDescriptor descriptor = engine[TableName]; Console.WriteLine(descriptor.CreateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); Console.WriteLine(descriptor.ModifiedTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")); Console.WriteLine(descriptor.Name); //ID是表的唯一标识id，表一旦创建，它就创建了，后面只要表在就不会修改 //重建表它会从新分配 Console.WriteLine(descriptor.ID); //... } } /// <summary> /// 读取单条数据 /// </summary> static void ReadItem() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); //ITable: IEnumerable对象 //var item = table.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Key <= 15 && x.Key >= 10); //key是5的记录 //table[10]; var item = table.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Key == 5); //key是5的记录 if (item.Value != null) Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item,Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented)); else Console.WriteLine("key = 5 的记录不存在！"); //Console.WriteLine("10<= key <= 15 的记录不存在！"); } } static void AddItems() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); //table[100] = new TStudent(){....}; table.InsertOrIgnore(2,new TStudent()); engine.Commit(); } } /// <summary> /// 删除表数据 /// </summary> static void DeleteItems() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); //ITable:IEnumerable对象 if (table != null) { //table.Clear(); //清空表数据 table.Delete(5); //删掉key是5的记录 //table.Delete(10,15); //删掉key从10到15的记录 engine.Commit(); //提交操作，不能少 } } } /// <summary> /// 按需获取数据 /// </summary> static void GetRecord() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { /* Forward向前读取,Backward向后读取,它们都有2个重载，下面重点说明第二个重载 * Forward(TKey from,bool hasFrom,TKey to,bool hasTo); * Backward(TKey to,bool hasTo,TKey from,bool hasFrom); * 超出范围的都不会排除，另外，查询范围超出也不会有影响,但是要注意一点，formkey和endkey的大小关系 * * 0<----------[(S)]----------------[(E)]------------->N * */ var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); var fiterTB = table.Forward(2,true,9,true); //索引从2到9 //var fiterTB = table.Forward(2,false,true); //索引从0到9 //var fiterTB = table.Forward(2,false); //索引从0到表结尾 //var fiterTB = table.Forward(2,false); //索引从2到表结尾 //Backward刚好相反 foreach (var item in fiterTB) Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item,Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented)); } } /// <summary> /// 数据分页 /// </summary> static void PageRecord() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { int pageIndex = 2; int pageSize = 10; var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); var fiterTB = table.Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1)).Take(pageSize); foreach (var item in fiterTB) Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item,Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented)); } } /// <summary> /// 文件数和记录数 /// </summary> static void Others() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { //表和虚拟文件的数量 Console.WriteLine("数据库 " + DataBase + " 中有 {0} 张表：{1}",engine.Count,TableName); //表记录数 var table = engine.OpenXTable<int,TStudent>(TableName); Console.WriteLine("表" + TableName + "中有" + table.Count() + "条记录"); } } /// <summary> /// 表是否存在 /// </summary> static void ExistsTable() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { //判断表存在与否 //bool exists = engine.Exists(NewTableName); //Console.WriteLine(NewTableName + " exist?=>{0}",exists.ToString()); bool exists = engine.Exists(TableName); Console.WriteLine(TableName + " exist?=>{0}",exists.ToString()); } } /// <summary> /// 重命名表名 /// </summary> static void ReNaMetable() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { //判断表存在与否 bool exists = engine.Exists(TableName); Console.WriteLine(TableName + " exist? =>{0}",exists.ToString()); //表重命名 engine.Rename(TableName,NewTableName); Console.WriteLine("表" + TableName + "被重命名为：" + NewTableName); if (engine.Exists(TableName)) Console.WriteLine("old table name \"" + TableName + "\" exist"); if (engine.Exists(NewTableName)) Console.WriteLine("new table name \"" + NewTableName + "\" exist"); } } /// <summary> /// 删除表 /// </summary> static void DeleteTable() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { //删除表 engine.Delete(TableName); //engine.Delete(NewTableName); engine.Commit(); } } #endregion #region XFile static void TestXFile() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { XFile file = engine.OpenXFile(XFileName); Random random = new Random(); byte[] buffer = new byte[] { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10 }; for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { long position = random.Next(); file.Seek(position,SeekOrigin.Begin); file.Write(buffer,buffer.Length); } engine.Commit(); } } //XFile uses special XTable<long,byte[]> implementation to provide effective sparse file functionality. //One storage engine can have many files #endregion #region Client/Server static void ClientUpdateData() { using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromNetwork("localhost",7182)) { ITable<int,string> table = engine.OpenXTable<int,string>("table"); for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) { table[i] = i.ToString(); } engine.Commit(); } } static void ServerHandleData() { string _dbname = "test.stsdb4"; using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(_dbname)) { var server = STSdb.CreateServer(engine,7182); server.Start(); //server is ready for connections //server.Stop(); } } //The created server instance will listen on the specified port //and receive/send data from/to the clients #endregion #region Memory Usage /* min/max children (branches) in each internal (non-leaf) node max operations in the root node min/max operations in each internal node min/max records in each leaf node number of cached nodes in the memory */ static void MemoryUsageHandle() { using (StorageEngine engine = (StorageEngine)STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) { //下面的demo都是STS.DB的默认值设置 //min/max children (branches) in each internal node engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MIN_BRANCHES = 2; engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_BRANCHES = 4; //max operations in the root node engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_OPERATIONS_IN_ROOT = 8 * 1024; //min/max operations in each internal node engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MIN_OPERATIONS = 64 * 1024; engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_OPERATIONS = 128 * 1024; //min/max records in each leaf node engine.LEAF_NODE_MIN_RECORDS = 16 * 1024; engine.LEAF_NODE_MAX_RECORDS = 128 * 1024; //at least 2 x MIN_RECORDS //number of cached nodes in memory engine.CacheSize = 32; } } #endregion #region Heap /*using => STSdb4.WaterfallTree; STSdb4.Storage; STSdb4.Remote.Heap; */ static void HeaperEngine() { //Server端 IHeap heap = new Heap(new FileStream("Heap.db",FileMode.OpenOrCreate)); HeapServer server = new HeapServer(heap,7183); //监听堆服务器 server.Start(); //开始监听 //从远程堆中创建 IStorageEngine 引擎，并处理数据 //using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromHeap(new RemoteHeap("host",7183))) //{ // ITable<int,string>("table"); // for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) // { // table[i] = i.ToString(); // } // engine.Commit(); //} } #endregion //... } }