什么’人顶“说是:RES =代码数据
q: RES -- Resident size (kb) The non-swapped physical memory a task has used. RES = CODE + DATA. r: CODE -- Code size (kb) The amount of physical memory devoted to executable code,also known as the 'text resident set' size or TRS. s: DATA -- Data+Stack size (kb) The amount of physical memory devoted to other than executable code,also known as the 'data >resident set' size or DRS.
当我运行’顶部-p 4258′,我得到以下内容:
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %cpu %MEM TIME+ CODE DATA COMMAND 258 root 16 0 3160 1796 1328 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.10 476 416 bash
1796!= 476 416
为什么?
PS:
linux发行版:
linux-iguu:~ # lsb_release -a LSB Version: core-2.0-noarch:core-3.0-noarch:core-2.0-ia32:core-3.0-ia32:desktop-3.1-ia32:desktop-3.1-noarch:graphics-2.0-ia32:graphics-2.0-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch Distributor ID: SUSE LINUX Description: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (i586) Release: 9 Codename: n/a
内核版本:
linux-iguu:~ # uname -a Linux linux-iguu 2.6.16.60-0.21-default #1 Tue May 6 12:41:02 UTC 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
解决方法
我将在一个程序分配和使用内存时发生什么的例子来解释这一点.具体来说,这个程序:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> int main(){ int *data,size,count,i; printf( "fyi: your ints are %d bytes large\n",sizeof(int) ); printf( "Enter number of ints to malloc: " ); scanf( "%d",&size ); data = malloc( sizeof(int) * size ); if( !data ){ perror( "Failed to malloc" ); exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); } printf( "Enter number of ints to initialize: " ); scanf( "%d",&count ); for( i = 0; i < count; i++ ){ data[i] = 1337; } printf( "I'm going to hang out here until you hit <enter>" ); while( getchar() != '\n' ); while( getchar() != '\n' ); exit( EXIT_SUCCESS ); }
这是一个简单的程序,要求您分配多少个整数,分配它们,询问要初始化多少整数,然后初始化它们.对于我分配1250000个整数并初始化其中的500000个的运行:
$./a.out fyi: your ints are 4 bytes large Enter number of ints to malloc: 1250000 Enter number of ints to initialize: 500000
Top报告以下信息:
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %cpu %MEM TIME+ SWAP CODE DATA COMMAND <program start> 11129 xxxxxxx 16 0 3628 408 336 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 3220 4 124 a.out <allocate 1250000 ints> 11129 xxxxxxx 16 0 8512 476 392 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 8036 4 5008 a.out <initialize 500000 ints> 11129 xxxxxxx 15 0 8512 2432 396 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 6080 4 5008 a.out
相关资料为:
DATA CODE RES VIRT before allocation: 124 4 408 3628 after 5MB allocation: 5008 4 476 8512 after 2MB initialization: 5008 4 2432 8512
在我malloc’d 5MB的数据后,VIRT和DATA都增加了约5MB,但RES没有.在我触摸了我分配的整数的2MB后,RES的确增加了,但DATA和VIRT保持不变.
VIRT是进程使用的虚拟内存的总量,包括共享和what is over-committed.DATA是不共享的虚拟内存量,而不是代码文本.即,它是进程的虚拟堆栈和堆. RES不是虚拟的:它是对该进程在该特定时间实际使用多少内存的测量.
所以在你的情况下,大的不等式CODE DATA< RES可能是进程包含的共享库.在我的例子(和你的)中,SHR代码数据更接近于RES. 希望这可以帮助.
与top和ps有很多的挥手和巫术.在线有很多文章(咆哮?),关于这些不符之处.例如this和this.