linux – 更改默认网关,多个NIC

我有Ubuntu 13.10(内核3.11.0-19-通用).启动时,网络配置如下：

dor@ubuntu:~$sudo ifconfig -a
em1       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 44:37:e6:4c:ca:0a  
          inet addr:10.1.0.102  Bcast:10.1.7.255  Mask:255.255.248.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::4637:e6ff:fe4c:ca0a/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:732 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:79 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:68789 (68.7 KB)  TX bytes:12907 (12.9 KB)
          Interrupt:20 Memory:fe600000-fe620000 

eth5      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0a:5e:50:cf:1e  
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:20 Base address:0xa000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:101 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:101 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:8485 (8.4 KB)  TX bytes:8485 (8.4 KB)

p4p1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:15:17:0b:6d:1c  
          inet addr:192.168.1.2  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::215:17ff:fe0b:6d1c/64 Scope:Link
          inet6 addr: fc00::215:17ff:fe0b:6d1c/64 Scope:Global
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:100 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:4062 (4.0 KB)  TX bytes:15981 (15.9 KB)
          Interrupt:16 Memory:fe540000-fe560000 

dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route -n
[sudo] password for dor: 
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 p4p1
10.1.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.255.248.0   U     0      0        0 em1
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 p4p1

互联网的门户是10.1.0.1.所以我手动执行以下内容：

dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route del default
dor@ubuntu:~$sudo route add default gw 10.1.0.1

这就是我设法上网的方式.
但是,不是每次手动执行此操作,我如何使其永久化？

/ etc / network / interfaces的内容(删除了一些注释行)：

dor@ubuntu:~$cat /etc/network/interfaces
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto em1

iface eth5 inet static
     address 10.90.90.91
     netmask 255.255.255.0
     gateway 10.90.90.90

iface em1 inet static
     address 10.1.0.102
     netmask 255.255.248.0
     gateway 10.1.0.1

我已经阅读了很多次接口和路由手册以及许多谷歌搜索结果,但无法弄清楚这一点.谢谢.

编辑#1,17 Apr 2014 12:11 UTC：
(回应响应者Sobrique)

我编辑文件/ etc / network / interfaces以获得以下内容：

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information,see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto em1
#iface em1 inet dhcp

iface eth5 inet static
     address 10.90.90.91
     netmask 255.255.255.0
#     gateway 10.90.90.90

iface p4p1 inet static
     address 192.168.1.32
     netmask 255.255.255.0
#     gateway 192.168.1.22

iface em1 inet static
     address 10.1.0.102
     netmask 255.255.248.0
     gateway 10.1.0.1

现在启动时可立即访问Internet,无需执行任何命令.
问题是我无法访问网络192.168.1.X.
早些时候有一个访问权限.我怎样才能解决这个问题？一些数据：

dor@ubuntu:~$route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.1.0.1        0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 em1
10.1.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.255.248.0   U     0      0        0 em1
dor@ubuntu:~$ifconfig -a
em1       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 44:37:e6:4c:ca:0a
          inet addr:10.1.0.102  Bcast:10.1.7.255  Mask:255.255.248.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::4637:e6ff:fe4c:ca0a/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:30356 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:329 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:2752089 (2.7 MB)  TX bytes:43904 (43.9 KB)
          Interrupt:20 Memory:fe600000-fe620000

eth5      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0a:5e:50:cf:1e
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:20

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:8463 (8.4 KB)  TX bytes:8463 (8.4 KB)

p4p1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:15:17:0b:6d:1c
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
          Interrupt:16 Memory:fe540000-fe560000

编辑#2,2014年4月20日08:05 UTC：

最后我编辑文件/ etc / network / interfaces以具有以下配置：

auto em1
iface em1 inet dhcp

auto eth5
iface eth5 inet static
     address 10.90.90.91
     netmask 255.255.255.0
     up route add -net 10.90.90.0/24 dev eth5

auto p4p1
iface p4p1 inet static
     address 192.168.1.32
     netmask 255.255.255.0
     up route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev p4p1

它奏效了！看到：

dor@ubuntu:~$route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.1.0.1        0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 em1
10.1.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.255.248.0   U     0      0        0 em1
10.90.90.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth5
10.90.90.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth5
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 p4p1
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 p4p1

唯一的问题是那些重复.但它不会干扰任何事情,它仍然有效.

编辑#3,2014年4月20日09:57 UTC：

事实上,正如我所怀疑的,重复是由以下命令引起的：

up route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev p4p1

所以我删除了它们.现在一切都很完美.

解决方法

我认为这里的错误是你的配置文件中配置了多个默认网关.它不起作用 – 这是默认的,因为任何没有已知路由的流量都会被发送到那里传递(期望它会知道,或者拥有它自己的默认值).但它没有明确地绑定到特定的接口 – 隐含地会有接口可以到达默认网关,但其他接口不能.

所以我想你需要做的就是删除你的’网关’线,并添加你想要的单一线 – 理想情况下在正确的接口节,但我实际上并不认为它应该重要.

linux – 更改默认网关,多个NIC

解决方法

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