当我分配此地址时,它表示无法分配请求的地址.但是当我把本地地址(127.0.0.1)接受它时.为什么???
char* hostname = "192.168.1.8";
int sockfd; struct sockaddr_in my_addr; // my address information struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information socklen_t addr_len; int numbytes; char buf[MAXBUFLEN]; int port =5000; if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) == -1) { perror("socket"); exit(1); } try { my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; // host byte order my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(hostname); printf("Accepted/n"); // automatically fill with my IP my_addr.sin_port = htons(5000); // short,network byte order memset(&(my_addr.sin_zero),'\0',8); // zero the rest of the struct if (bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) { perror("bind"); exit(1); } while (1) { addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr); if ((numbytes = recvfrom(sockfd,buf,MAXBUFLEN-1,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,&addr_len)) == -1) { perror("recvfrom"); exit(1); } //printf("got packet from %s\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr)); //printf("packet is %d bytes long\n",numbytes); buf[numbytes] = '\0'; //printf("packet contains \"%s\"\n",buf); } close(sockfd); } catch(...) {
解决方法
如果错误发生在绑定上(基于您的问题内容并不明显,因为您声明的错误消息未出现在代码中),可能是因为该地址不可用.
这通常是因为它已经在使用中,或者在当前主机上不可用.
除了少数例外,您通常只能绑定到分配给本地接口的IP地址.您应该检查192.168.1.8是否在该类中.这是一个给定的127.0.0.1将是一个本地接口(因此它的工作原理),并且INADDR_ANY也可以正常工作 – 这可能是您应该使用的“地址”,除非您真正需要将自己限制在一个接口.
您应该在失败的功能之后检查errno并将其与possibilities匹配.
顺便说一下,这可能与你的问题无关,你初始化sockaddr_in结构的方式(设置字段然后清除其余部分)似乎对我来说不太方便.
我认为清除这个地段然后简单地设置你想要的东西会更安全,例如:
memset (&my_addr,sizeof (my_addr)); my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr (hostname); my_addr.sin_port = htons (5000);
至少在这种情况下,结构中字段的顺序不会影响您的代码.
#define __USE_GNU #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h>
然后参数检查和套接字创建.
int main (int argc,char *argv[]) { int sockfd; struct sockaddr_in me; if (argc < 2) { printf ("Need argument with IP address\n"); return 1; } if ((sockfd = socket (AF_INET,0)) == -1) { perror("socket"); return 1; }
然后绑定本身:
memset (&me,sizeof (me)); me.sin_family = AF_INET; me.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr (argv[1]); me.sin_port = htons (5000); if (bind (sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&me,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) { fprintf (stderr,"errno = %d ",errno); perror("bind"); exit(1); } close(sockfd); return 0; }
当您使用某些参数运行它时,您可以看到它适用于IP地址属于本地接口(127.0.0.1和192.168.0.101)的那些,但不适用于那些不属于本地接口的那些(如192.168.0.102):
pax> ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' inet addr:192.168.0.101 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet addr:192.168.99.1 Bcast:192.168.99.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet addr:192.168.72.1 Bcast:192.168.72.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 pax> ./testprog 127.0.0.1 pax> ./testprog 192.168.0.101 pax> ./testprog 192.168.0.102 errno = 99 bind: Cannot assign requested address pax> grep '#define.*99' /usr/include/asm-generic/errno.h #define EADDRNOTAVAIL 99 /* Cannot assign requested address */
并且,从链接到上面的绑定手册页,我们看到:
EADDRNOTAVAIL
A nonexistent interface was requested or the requested address was not local.