如何将自定义错误信息从ASP.NET MVC3 JsonResult方法到错误(或成功或完成，如果需要)jQuery.ajax()的函数？理想情况下，我想要能够：
>仍然在服务器上抛出错误(这用于日志记录)
>在客户端上检索有关错误的自定义信息
这里是我的代码的基本版本：
控制器JsonResult方法
public JsonResult DoStuff(string argString)
{
string errorInfo = "";
try
{
DoOtherStuff(argString);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
errorInfo = "Failed to call DoOtherStuff()";
//Edit HTTP Response here to include 'errorInfo' ?
throw e;
}
return Json(true);
}
JavaScript
$.ajax({
type: "POST",url: "../MyController/DoStuff",data: {argString: "arg string"},dataType: "json",traditional: true,success: function(data,statusCode,xhr){
if (data === true)
//Success handling
else
//Error handling here? But error still needs to be thrown on server...
},error: function(xhr,errorType,exception) {
//Here 'exception' is 'Internal Server Error'
//Haven't had luck editing the Response on the server to pass something here
}
});
我试过的东西(没有成功)：
>从catch块中返回错误信息
>这工作，但异常不能抛出
>在catch块中编辑HTTP响应
>然后在jQuery错误处理程序中检查xhr
> xhr.getResponseHeader()等包含默认的ASP.NET错误页面，但没有我的信息
>我认为这可能是可能的，但我只是做错了吗？
您可以编写自定义错误过滤器：
public class JsonExceptionFilterAttribute : FilterAttribute,IExceptionFilter
{
public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
{
if (filterContext.RequestContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest())
{
filterContext.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 500;
filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
filterContext.Result = new JsonResult
{
Data = new
{
// obvIoUsly here you could include whatever information you want about the exception
// for example if you have some custom exceptions you could test
// the type of the actual exception and extract additional data
// For the sake of simplicity let's suppose that we want to
// send only the exception message to the client
errorMessage = filterContext.Exception.Message
},JsonRequestBehavior = JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet
};
}
}
}
然后将其注册为全局过滤器或仅应用于要使用AJAX调用的特定控制器/操作。
并在客户端：
$.ajax({
type: "POST",url: "@Url.Action("DoStuff","My")",data: { argString: "arg string" },success: function(data) {
//Success handling
},error: function(xhr) {
try {
// a try/catch is recommended as the error handler
// could occur in many events and there might not be
// a JSON response from the server
var json = $.parseJSON(xhr.responseText);
alert(json.errorMessage);
} catch(e) {
alert('something bad happened');
}
}
});
显然，您可能会很快无聊为每个AJAX请求写入重复的错误处理代码，因此最好为您的网页上的所有AJAX请求编写一次代码：
$(document).ajaxError(function (evt,xhr) {
try {
var json = $.parseJSON(xhr.responseText);
alert(json.errorMessage);
} catch (e) {
alert('something bad happened');
}
});
接着：
$.ajax({
type: "POST",success: function(data) {
//Success handling
}
});
另一种可能性是适配a global exception handler I presented，以便在ErrorController内部检查它是否是一个AJAX请求，并简单地返回JSON的异常细节。