AngularJS实现表单手动验证和表单自动验证
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AngularJS实现表单手动验证和表单自动验证,
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AngularJS的表单验证大致有两种,一种是手动验证,一种是自动验证。
一、手动验证
所谓手动验证是通过AngularJS表单的
属性来验证。而成为AngularJS表单必须满足两个条件:
1、给form元素加上novalidate="novalidate";
2、给form元素加上name="theForm",如下:
<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">
<form ng-submit="onSubmit(theForm.$valid)" novalidate="novalidate" name="theForm">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name">Name
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name"/>
<div class="form-group" ng-class="{
'has-error': !theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted),'has-success': theForm.email.$valid && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)
}">
<label for="email">Email
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required" name="email"/>
<p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.required && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">必填
<p class="help-block" ng-show="theForm.email.$error.email && (!theForm.$pristine || theForm.$submitted)">email格式不正确
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username">Username
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" ng-model="formModel.username"/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age">Age
<input type="number" class="form-control" id="age" ng-model="formModel.age"/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="sex">Sex
<select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex">
<option value="">Please choose
<option value="male">Mail
<option value="femail">Femail
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password">Password
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password"/>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Register
{{theForm | json}}
● 给form加上novalidate="novalidate"意味着表单将不再使用HTML5验证特性
● 给form加上name="theForm"意味着表单的名称是theForm。如何使用theForm,比如我们验证表单是否被修改过theForm.$submitted
● 通过ng-submit提交表单
● formModel是$scope中的一个属性
● 对表单的Email进行了手动验证,使用了AngularJS表单的众多属性,比如theForm.email.$valid,theForm.$pristine,theForm.$submitted, theForm.email.$error.required,theForm.email.$error.email
● 通过
{{theForm | json}}
把AngularJS表单的所有属性都打印出来
以上,凡是有name属性的input都被显示在上面。
在second.js文件中定义了module,controller以及提交表单的方法。
myApp1.controller('myCtrl1',function($scope,$http){
$scope.formModel = {};
$scope.onSubmit = function(){
$http.post('someurl',$scope.formModel)
.success(function(data){
console.log(':)');
})
.error(function(data){
console.log(':(');
});
console.log($scope.formModel);
};
});
以上的表单验证方式好处是可控性强,但相对繁琐。
二、自动验证
AngularJS的另外一种表单验证方式是自动验证,即通过directive来实现,除了AngularJS自带的directive,还需要用到angular-auto-validate这个第三方module。
有关angular-auto-validate:
● 安装:npm i angular-auto-validate
● 引用:
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js">
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js">
页面如下:
<div class="container main-content" ng-controller="myCtrl1">
<form ng-submit="onSubmit()" novalidate="novalidate">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="name" class="control-label">Name
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" ng-model="formModel.name" required="required"/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="email" class="control-label">Email
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="email" ng-model="formModel.email" required="required"/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username" class="control-label">Username
<input type="text"
class="form-control"
id="username"
ng-model="formModel.username"
required="required"
ng-pattern="/^[A-Za-z0-9_]{1,32}$/"
ng-minlength="7"
ng-pattern-err-type="badUsername"
/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="age" class="control-label">Age
<input type="number"
class="form-control"
id="age"
ng-model="formModel.age"
required="required"
min="18"
max="65"
ng-min-err-type="tooYoung"
ng-max-err-type="tooOld"
/>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="sex" class="control-label">Sex
<select name="sex" id="sex" class="form-control" ng-model="formModel.sex" required="required">
<option value="">Please choose
<option value="male">Mail
<option value="femail">Femail
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password" class="control-label">Password
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="password" ng-model="formModel.password" required="required" ng-minlength="6"/>
<div class="form-group">
<button class="btn btn-primary"
ladda = "submitting"
data-style="expand-right"
type="submit">
<span ng-show="submitting">正在注册...
<span ng-show="!submitting">注册
{{formModel | json}}
<script src="../node_modules/angular-auto-validate/dist/jcs-auto-validate.min.js">
<script src="../node_modules/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.min.js">
<script src="../node_modules/angular-localize/angular-localize.min.js">
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/spin.min.js">
<script src="../bower_components/ladda/dist/ladda.min.js">
<script src="../bower_components/angular-ladda/dist/angular-ladda.min.js">
以上,先看提交按钮:
● ladda属性值为bool值,true表示显示动态等待效果,false不显示动态等待效果,这里的submitting是scope中的一个属性
● data-style="expand-right"表示在按钮的右侧显示动态等待效果
再拿表单中的Age字段来说:
其中,min,max为AgularJS的directive,而ng-min-err-type是angular-auto-validate的directive。这里遵循的惯例是ng-AngularJS表单验证的directive名称-err-type,而tooYoung和tooOld的作用是什么,又是在哪里用上了呢?
是在module层面用上了,定义在了form_validation_auto.js文件中。
myApp1.run(function(defaultErrorMessageResolver){
defaultErrorMessageResolver.getErrorMessages().then(function(errorMessages){
errorMessages['tooYoung'] = '年龄必须小于{0}';
errorMessages['tooOld'] = '年龄不能大于{0}';
errorMessages['badUsername'] = '
用户名只能包含数字、字母或下划线';
});
});
myApp1.controller('myCtrl1',$http){
$scope.formModel = {};
$scope.submitting = false;
$scope.onSubmit = function(){
$scope.submitting = true;
console.log('已提交');
console.log($scope.formModel);
$http.post('url',$scope.formModel)
.success(function(data){
console.log(':)');
$scope.submitting = false;
})
.error(function(data){
console.log(':(');
$scope.submitting = false;
});
};
});
以上,在run方法中使用angular-auto-validate的defaultErrorMessageResolver服务,对错误信息进行为了自定义。页面上的tooYoung和tooOld和这里的errorMessages['tooYoung']和errorMessages['badUsername']对应。
本文的全部内容就为大家介绍到这里,希望对大家学习AngularJS实现表单验证有所帮助。