通常当我们通过sudo apt-get install soft_name安装东西时，会遇到如下的错误：
@H_403_10@Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
@H_403_10@requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
@H_403_10@distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
@H_403_10@or been moved out of Incoming.
@H_403_10@The following information may help to resolve the situation:
@H_403_10@The following packages have unmet dependencies:
@H_403_10@package1 : Depends: package2 (>= 1.8) but 1.7.5-1ubuntu1 is to be installed
@H_403_10@E: Unable to correct problems,you have held broken packages.
怎样才能解决这个问题呢？
APT是一个适用于Debian系列（比如Ubuntu）的包管理系统，大多数情况下，APT能够很容易的安装、移除、升级软件包。在极少数情况下，当缺乏第三方依赖包的情况下apt-get会在运行结束时给出无法完成软件安装的错误信息。
解决方案：
经常性的备份/etc/apt/source.list是个不错的想法。如果在你改变了它的情况下可以轻易的恢复。
- 如果错误信息是以下形式：
<some-package>:Depends: <other-package> ( = version ) but this-version is to be installed
那么请确保restricted 和 universe仓库可用。键盘按下Alt+F2，输入software-properties-gtk，再按Enter。
在Ubuntu software标签下，确保所有仓库可用。
sudo apt-get clean
或者
sudo apt-get autoclean
apt-get clean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files (the .deb files). It removes everything but the lock file from /var/cache/apt/archives/ and /var/cache/apt/archives/partial/. apt-get autoclean clears out the local repository of retrieved package files,but unlike apt-get clean,it only removes package files that can no longer be downloaded,and are largely useless.
- 另一种基础的修复方式。运行以下命令
sudo apt-get -f install
-f意思是“fix broken”apt会试着修复破损的依赖关系
如果是手动安装的软件包，那就运行以下命令：
sudo dpkg --configure -a 然后再运行sudo apt-get -f install
如果输出以下信息：
0 upgraded,0 newly installed,0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
证明失败了
- 另外一种方案是运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get -u dist-upgrade
如果有任何保留的软件包，最好是消除他们。软件包会保留下来是因为依赖关系冲突导致apt不能解析
运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes dist-upgrade
如果不能修复冲突，会以以下方式退出：
0 upgraded,0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
这时就需要一个一个地删除这些保留的软件包，每次都运行dist-upgrade直到没有保留软件包。然后重新安装任何需要的软件包。请确保使用了 --dry-run选项
完整的操作就是：
sudo apt-get remove --dry-run package-name
- 因为删除软件包不是一个好办法，你也许还需要试着去找到包含软件包依赖关系的仓库
- 原文：Since removing the package you are trying to install may not be ideal,
- you might also try finding a repository that has packages you need to satisfy the dependencies.
Y PPA Manager is an one stop shop for all of your PPA needs.
Here are some of its features:
-
@H_647_301@search packages in all Launchpad PPAs
@H_647_301@list and download packages in a PPA
@H_647_301@add / remove / purge a PPA
@H_647_301@backup and restore PPA sources
@H_647_301@remove duplicate PPA sources
To install Y PPA Manager,open terminal by hitting Alt+Ctrl+T and run following commands:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/y-ppa-manager sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install y-ppa-manager
Considering the question,apt is broken,so use these commands instead
sudo su
and
32 Bit:
mkdir y-ppa-manager && cd y-ppa-manager && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/launchpad-getkeys_0.3.2-1~webupd8~oneiric_all.deb && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/y-ppa-manager_0.0.8.6-1~webupd8~precise_all.deb && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/yad_0.17.1.1-1~webupd8~precise_i386.deb && dpkg -i ./*.deb
64 Bit:
mkdir y-ppa-manager && cd y-ppa-manager && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/launchpad-getkeys_0.3.2-1~webupd8~oneiric_all.deb && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/y-ppa-manager_0.0.8.6-1~webupd8~precise_all.deb && wget https://launchpad.net/~webupd8team/+archive/y-ppa-manager/+files/yad_0.17.1.1-1~webupd8~precise_amd64.deb && dpkg -i ./*.deb
